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DAIREN
ber, 1913. It is scientifically designed and equipped on the latest and most approved lines with accommodation for both foreign and Chinese passengers.
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An electric tramway, with a length of 67 kilometres, runs along the prin- cipal streets and out by the suburban line to Shahokou (where the South Manchuria Railway workshops are established, over four miles westward from Dairen), and extends two miles farther to Hoshigaura (Star Beach), the finest watering place in Manchuria. There is an excellent hotel here, managed by the South Manchuria Hotel Company and also a number of bungalows which may be hired by visitors. Another suburban line runs to Rokotan, a famous resort commanding glorious scenery. A motor-car road, runs to Star Beach, and a tract of land along this, measuring about 85 acres, has been levelled and laid out. The construction of a new road, 44 kilometres in length, connecting Dairen and Port Arthur was commenced in 1921 on three sections simultaneously, and was completed in July, 1924. The motor road between Dairen and Kin Shu was completed in 1929 and motor buses are running regularly. The Japan Aviation Company inaugurated a mail service between Dairen and Japan in April 1, 1929, and from September onwards at passenger service was included.
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The town of Dairen, which has been expanding rapidly owing to business: prosperity and increase of population, is lighted by electricity and gas and has ample telephone facilities. The electric power-house, when completed in 1911, had a capacity of 4,500 kilowatts. This was increased in 1921 to 6,000 kws., and a second house with 10,000 kws. power was added in June, 1923. The town has macadamized lined roads with rows of shady trees, and is weil equipped with waterworks, drainage and sewage systems. With the growth of trade, more particularly in Manchurian beans, a number of influential business houses, Japanese, Chinese and foreign, have established themselves at the port. The foreign and Japanese communities in April, 1909, organized and opened the Dairen Club. A Gun Club, Golf Club, and Marine Association are among the other institutions of the port. Of places for public amusement, the so-called Electric Park, designed on an up-to-date plan and containing all devices for recreation, forms the chief attraction. The Chinese quarter, situated on the western fringe of the city, has also grown considerably. A new Railway Hospital, deserves special mention owing partly to its size and party to the excellence of its equipment. This hospital affords accommodation foor 590 patients and treats more than 800 out, patients of all nationalities on an average every day.
TRADE IN, 1931,
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The value of the whole trade of Dairen during the year 1931 was 418.7 million Haikwan taels, a slight advance of 7 million Haikwan taels over the figures for the previous year. To this total, exports contributed 274 million täels, which is not far short of the record established during 1929. Direct Exports to foreign countries rose by approximately 30 million to 213.5 mil- lion taels; but foreign imports declined considerably, particularly imports from treaty ports, which latter totalled only 3,7 million taels, or but a third of the previous year's figure. Generally speaking, the crops in South Man- churia were not up to the previous year's standard owing to a cold early summer and excessive rainfall. Of the staple imports of Dairen,, the total value of the net importations of cotton piece goods rose to 7.8 million Haik- wan taels, as against 7.5 million taels during 1930. Metals for use in the building "trade declined and a Very noticeable fall was recorded also in rails, 49,000 piculs only being brought in, as against 487,000 piculs in 1930, Foreign cigarettes registered a remarkable decrease from 1,556,000 mille in 1930 to only 97,000 mille, and native cigarettes fell to but half the previous year's total. The serious decline under the heading of kerosene oil continued, the total imports for the year shrinking to 1.6 million gallons. There was a small increase in the total export of beancake, of which Japan (including Formosa) took 10.9 million piculs. The total output of the Fushun Colliery for the year was 6.6 million tons. The new shale oil plant that was com- pleted in 1929 produced (out of 11 million tons of shale)28,578 tons of
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