1932-10-03 — Page 23

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. MONDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1932.

LYTTON REPORT FAVOURABLE TO NANKING

MANCHURIA INTEGRALLY A PART OF CHINA

NEW

STATE

JAPANESE

CREATED

EARLY CONFERENCE PROPOSED

(SPECIAL TO THE "TELEGRAPH”).

no

of httitude of the inhabitants Manchuria towards the new State, the Commission comes to the con- clusion, "Thoro is

general Chinese support for the Manchu- kuo Government, which the local Chinese regard as an intrument of The JapanesO.”

to

.

would risk a future breach of peace and would not be permanent.

THE CONCLUSIONS.

Autonomy for the Three Eastern Provinces.

SINO-JAPANESE PACT.

and

tho

Proposed Conference.

It is suggested that the confer- Chinese enco might consist of a representative, a Japanese repre sentative and two delegations re- presenting the local population, ono' to be selected in the manner prescribed by the Chinese Govern- ment and one in the same way by the Japanese

Government. If agreed to, the conference might secure the assistance of. neutral observers. Any anagreed points, would be submitted to the Longue Council simultaneously, and the Sino-Japanese issues should be discussed separately.

3

NIGHT BATTLE WITH MINERS

ARMY OF STRIKERS 'IN CARS ROUTED

tion would provide for a Board of Conciliation and an Arbitration Tribunal. The contracting parties should also agree that Manchuria do- should gradually become militarised zone, for which it would be provided th, after the organisation of the gendarmerie had been effected, any violation of the demilitarised territory by ofther or a third party would con- stitute an act of aggression, en- titling the other (or both in the

One of the most amazing bat- tles in the history of strike riot- taku whatever mengurce they event of a third party attack) to deemed advisable to defend the ing occured last night in the glare territory without prejudice of the of the headlights of lorries and League Council's right to take nc-motor-cars near the shall-Illinois

village of Mulkay-town.. tion under the Covenant.

Sovici Participation.

If the Soviet Government desir- ed to participate in the latter clauses appropriate agreement, could be embodied in n separato three-party agreement.

Springfield (Illinois),

August 26.

The district was invaded by the vanguard of a great column of After seven thousand words, de- of

15,000 striking coal miners, from bating the rights and wrongs

all parts of the States, moving to The Commission suggests that China and Japan and the events

picket pits where a lowered wagn

a day has. scale of five dollars Economic Aspects. in Manchuria prior to September the results of these discussions draws attention 18 last year, and the Manchukuo, and negotiations should be em-

The object of the Sino-Japanese been accepted. Chapter 7

Tientaln eventa the Sino-Japanese struggle Shanghai

commercial treaty would be the

to As the vanguard came rolling ments, as follow:

cstablishment of conditions being not only military but also since that date, the summary of bodfed in four neparate instru- economic, remarking that the the Lytton Report outlines

any 1. A declaration by the Chinese encourage a much as possible the down the highway to Mulkeytown, Chinese boycotts are both popular general principies to which

con-Government, constituting a special exchange of Chinese and Japanese was halted by the sheriff and

Three and organised and supported by satisfactory solution should

administration for the

goods, while safeguarding the strong national sentiment, but form, namely:

Eastern Provinces in the terms re-

countries. The treaty should con- to help him. are enforced by methods amount-

tain an undertaking by the Chinese 1. That both China and Japun,commended by the advisory con existing treaty rights of the other 300 men who had been sworn in

Baseball Bats & Rolling Pins ing to intimidation.

as members of the League, reference.

The leaders of the invading While the main controlling, entitled to claim the same consi-

Aolution from 2 A Sino-Japanese treaty deal- Government to take all measures In its power to forbid and repress "A deration. The Report of the Lytton Commission, released för

boycott movements against Japan hoat, many of whom had their

trade, without prejudice

families with them, threatened to publication yesterday, is regarded as distinctly favour-mission is of opinion that

3. A Sino-Japanese treaty of esi

arbitration, non- against the individual rights of

run down the sheriff and his mon conciliation, able to the case presented before the League by the force is the Kuomintang, the Com- which both did not derive benefiting with Japan's interests.

ja certain amount of direct nasis-

of peace."

if they didn't get out of the way. Nanking Government. The Commission is not satisfied Chinese Government has granted would not be a gain to the cause

2. That to make peace between aggression and mutual assistance. 1 Chinese consumers,

1. A Sino-Japanese' commer-

The summary concludes by say: Thereupon the local men began that the military action taken by Japan in September (tance to the boycott movement,

ing that these sugggestions and erument responsibility, although two neighbouring countries with- last year was entirely justified by the circumstances and which involves a measure of, Gov-

considerations submitted by the shooting at their tyres. At the Commission to the League Council sound of Bring there came stream- holds that the new "State of Manchukuo" cannot be the Commission Toes not suggest out regard for the interests of acial treaty.

in the fact that Government do-just, wise, nor in the interests of considered to have been called into existence by a genuine that there is anything improper third (Russia) could be neither

partments should support the boy-pence

are essential, and that negotia-ing fate the fray from scattered should con- and spontaneous independence movement.

possible and should be conducted 3. Any solution cott movement, but hopes that

tions should be begun as soon as farmhouses and clustered habita League Covenant, the Paris Pact

in a spirit of mutual confidence. Renter And the Nine Power Trenty.

Shanghai, Oct. 2.

the

Japan had acquired auch excep- this problem will eventually be re-

international agree-form with the provisions of the

a na-

·

Reserved Powers. The Commission then indicates the form in which the four above mentioned instruments might be put and various points which they Bettle. The declaration might The official suminary states that tional and unparalleled rights, so gulated by

China's sovereignment.

would deal with such questions as to the Chi- The Open Door. the Lytton Report in its introdue- restricting

Manchuria, 4. The rights and interests of the powers reserved tion recalls the circumstances rights, that conflict was

The Mission states,

Chapter 8

with the denla

Manchuria ennnot be nese Government in leading to the appointment of the 'tural result.

side

- legitimate

economie interests of Manchuria, Japan in

and the appointment. of Commission of Inquiry; it the "Each

the Sino-Japanese ignored, and any solution which the organisation of a gendarmerie especially deals with the conception of its grievancen.”

Commission de-failed to recognise them and take force mission, and it simsistence less on

Chapter 4 describes how the interests. The

Associations therewith, itension came the breakinglares that the open door principle into account also Japan's his-foreign advisers in Manchuria. the responsibility of past actions than on the necessity for finding print on September 18 last year, should be maintained legally and torical

and practically, in the Interests means of avoking their repetitino. as to which

lu

the

Chinese

of would not e satisfactory.

Re-Statement of Rights.

The introduction concludes with the Japanese versions are contradie-Japan, Manchuria and the real of statment that knowledge of essen 1013 tinl factors in the recent Sino-!

Japanese relations is new,sary.

also

China's knowledge of

HEM

the three countries,

of

Japanese Prepared.

Pointing out that the Japanese

[China.

ISSUES NOT SIMPLE.

State Satisfactory.

It is suggested that the powers reserved to the Central Govern- ment should be:

INITIAL REACTIONS IN TOKYO.

children in thoir teens, armed tions of miners, men, women, and with every conceivable weapon from baseball bats and rolling pins to shotguns and antiqunted pistols.

They leaped on the invading cars and laid about them right and left. The glit was short, sharp and decisive. When it was

were in ful· over the invaders

behind them, retreat, leaving disabled on the rond, overturned in ditches or stranded in border cara and lorries, some of the lat- ing. Gelds of maize, 30 or more ter filled with provisions.

wounded!.

Searen on both rides had been

REPORT RECEPTION WITH CLAIM

Tokyo, Oct. 2. treaty 1. Control of general

to Contrary expectation the 5. A restatement of the rea-1 pective rights, interests and res and foreign relations, not other- ponsibilities of both countring in wise provided for, it being under-military authorities accepted the Manchuria in new treaties (which stood that the Central Government betion Report with an exemplary pational aspirations, Japan's and had a carefully prepared plan to

Expressing appreciation of the Russia's expansionist policies, and meet the occasion of possible Sino-Neither Status Quo Nor Present shall be part of the settlement would not enter into any inter air of calmness. ~

agreement) is desirable if future national engagements inconsistent

Commission's work, a spokesman: the dissemination of Communion Japanese hostilities, while the

friction is to be avoided and with the terms of the declaration. well as the Chinese had none, the Commission

2. Control of the Customs, Poal on behalf of the War Office stated after studying the by the Sovet,

In Chapter 9, pointing out that mutual confidence and co-opera- remark that on the night of Sep-

Office, Salt Gabelle, and possibly to the Press

Expedition Given Up. · economic and strategie nerds

tember 18 the Japanese plan was the issues involved are not simpletion restored.

This morning the men and wo 6. As a corollary, it is neces- the administration of stamp duty aummary: put into operation with swiftness because many features have

be and wine and tobacco taxes, the p

"The War Offee sees no neces-

men of the routed column were and precision. And the Chinese parallel elsewhere in the world:

made for facilitating the prompt advisory conference determining

As an equitable division of the net sity for changing the views al- were curprised by the Japanese and that without a declaration of sary that provision should

Income on those revenues between ready given to the world, but is in ugly mood and their leaders attack and subsequent operations, war a large area of indisputa

the Central Government and the confident that the League and the sent this deflant message to the Powers will gradually come to un- authorities of Franklin County, "The military operations of the Chinese territory has been forel-settlement of minor disputes

derstand forces of Japan and 7. The Government of Man- Three Eastern Provinces.

the justness and fal- just within the borders of which in Japanese during this night cannot bly seized and occupied by the they arise.

be regarded as measures of legiti-armed

should be modified to

ness of Jupan's stand."-Reuter's, the battle took place: the mate self defence." but the Coma-separated from, and declared in-churia

Special. consistently with securo, exclude the dependent of, the rest of China,

Polnis Criticised. It states."Polition upheavals, i civil wars and social and economie mission does not

China's Transition

the

is

Chapter 1 declares that the dominating factor in China is modernisation of China, who showing evidence of transition all aspects of her national life.

been characteristic of Chlas since eting in self-defence."

Effect of Communism The report declares that

Can munism has become an actual rival to the National Government, and is linked with the larger problem of national reconstruction; neverthe-i less the Commission finds that con- ! siderable process has been made.

reckoned with,

THE PUPPET STATE.

Manchukuo Created and

Chapter

he

Status Quo Not & Solution.

2217

of

the

Withdrawal of Troops,

meel

Three

Appointments.

"We are coming on. You can't kill all of us."

CONSULATE TAKEN

authority is not openly repudiated, ment, Pu Yi's appointment andtion. "The maintenance and re- Jaim ut placing Sino-Japanese com-ed in the autonomous Government that Manchukuo is recognised. He wherein they used bombs and ma-

character.

"The present Government

88

improved

Foreign Instructors.

3. The power of appointment (at least in the first instance) of

Tokyo, Oct. 2. unrest, with the resulting weakness hypothesis that "the officers on the the Commission remarks that the sovereignty and administrative in

and serious, because the Japanese of autonomy, designed to

It soon became evident, how- the Chief Executive of the Govern- special

Broadly speaking the main cri- of the Central Government, bavo "pot may have thought they were | problem is unusually complicated ¦ tegrity of China, a large measur

ment of the Three Eastern Pro-!

Thoroughly dis- The Commission does not anti-Government claims that its act is

characteristics of The new civil vinces, in accordance with the pro- ticism of the report is that it is ever, that the army could not be the Revolution in 1911. These concinate any change in the general consistent with its international local conditions and the

filled too little is devoted to China and,couraged, men began to drop out tion. Vacancies would be

and hend for home. The leaplers ditions have adversely affected all the nationa, with whom China hasituation in Manchuria in the near fobligations, and also, with the Eastern Provinces.

Geneva: alan conducted as to satisfy the essen in the same way by some system the Far East generally.

at a mass meeting acknowledged been brought into contact, und untfii future, while an extension of the assurance given by the Japanese regime must be so constituted and ecdure laid down in the declara- unduly confined to Manchuria and held together.

The main points criticised are that all the military operations tial requirements of good govern of selection in the Three Eastern

that the expedition was a failure they are remedied will continue toren of conilist in the dehol region representative at

have heen legitimate acts

Provinces, to be agreed to by the advisory conference and inserted the assertion that Japan's conten- and on their advice It was do- tlon of her special position in be a menace to world peace and as a contingency which must

self-defence, and the establishment.

in the declaration.

! Manchuria contributory cause of world one-

is incompatible with initely abandoned The Shanghai War.

ment of the new administration in mic depression;" adding that it is:

the Manchuri was the spontaneous

8. The internal order of Man-

4. The power of issuing to the the Nine Power Treaty, and the deals with evident a national outlook must bej

Chapter 5

churia should be secured by an attained by a far greater number of

considerable Chinese citizens before real national Japanese operations at Shanghai,act of the local population.

"which exercised a

The Commision does not argut effective local gendarmerie force. Chief Executive of the Three assertion that the blowing up of against external Eastern Provinces such instrue the railway on the night of Sep- Manchurian unity can result.

influence upon the

the issue. but has tried to provide and security

all armed sure the carrying out of inter cient, to justify the Japanese mill- The Chinese spirit of the League with aufficient material aggression should be provided by lions as might be necessary to en tember 18 last year was insuffi- situation."

SIXTY-EIGHT JAPANESE resistance was increased and the to settle the dispute, consistent the "withdrawal of

the Central Govenment of thereafter overstepped the bounds

KILLED IN MANCHULI Chinese forces in Manchuria were with the honour and dignity and forces other than the gendarmerie national engagements entered into tary action and that the action

Harbin, Oct. 1. the national interests of both con- and by the conclusion of a treaty by riven fresh heart.

of nonaggression between the China in matiera under the nd- of self defence,

[ministration of the autonomous

The Foreign Omee spokesman tending parties.

countries interested."

Government of the Three Bustern

that Japan would

Refugees from Manchuli stato emphasised For the purpose of the en-Provinces.

never permit the interference by a 9.

that railway guards who recently **** mere restoration of thecouragement of the Sino-Japanese

All additional powers agreed third party in settlement of the dispersed a Manchukuo garrison 5. 21 Լ: 11*

Manchurian dispute, nor agree to force had occupied the Japanese Maintained by Japanese. Įstatus quo ante would not be afeconomie rapprochement, a

It would leave out of commercial treaty between the two upon by the advisory conference.

All other powers would be vest. the suggestion of autonomy, now Consulate after repeated attacką, 6 deals with Man-solution." Although the Contral Govern-1

said the report contains much ment's authority is still weak in

that is unfair to Japan, hut noth- chine guns and stokes mortars.

stud number of provinces, the central chukuo, reviewing its establish account the realities of the situa desirable. The treaty should

The defenders put up a

werd Ing unfair to China" and he de-

Government would born fight but eventually with their being incom-formity and these is hope that, if the Cen the lanuguration ceremonies at cognition of the present regime in mercial relations on an equitable of the Three Eastern Provinces.

a special clared the

The fate of the trial Government can be maintain-Changchun, and the laws and re- Manchuria would be equally un-basis and bringing them into con-

It is nuggested that Manchu Batisfactory," underlying Igulations

with the fundamental political relations.

gendarmerie should be organised strongly refute the contention that overwhelmed.

Manchurian independence Japanese Consul and his staff and organisation; ed, the provincial administrations.

declaring patible

Internal Reconstruction.

with the collaboration of foreign the

was instigated and the gendarmes who were protect will kno's military forces and finance

that the independence movement principles of existing international acquire an increasingly nationals only made possible by the obligations, and good understand-

10. Since the present political instructors "which would be the movement

Its Staff.

According to information-

·prosence of Japanese troops;"ing between Chinn and Japan, on

when completed adding also, "A group of Japanese which the pence of the Far East Instability in China is an obstacle only armed force within the Three supported by the Japanese General ing the Consulate is not known.

depends, and incompatible with the

In conclusion the spokesman in ceived by the C.E.R. offices, 68 civil and military oficiala

Puhatu, while has already accomplished much."

ceived and organised, and carried feelings of the people of Manchuria; to friendship with Japan and an Eastern Provinces Declaring that China has been through, this movement," while while China would not voluntarily anxiety to the rest of the world, organisation

"the Japanese General Staff pro-accept the complete separation of as the maintenance of peace in the should be followed by the retire-

tional concern, and since the con other armed forces, including any fine her statement to refuting and chall, three at Anti-Foreignism

vided assistance and gave direc- the Three Eastern Provinces as a Far East is a matter of internament from this territory of all timated that Japan would car Japanese were killed at Man

lanting solution.

ditions enumerated above cannot special bodies of police or railway rectifying miatatements of fact nine were killed and five wounded

first eight chapters.-Reuter.

Peking Population hampered by the virulence of anti-on to the organisers."

For this rennon, "the preson!

Peking, Oct. 1.. The Commission recognises the be fulfilled without a strong Cen-guards, whether Chinese or Japan and the mistaken Ideas In the at Hallar-Reuter..

Foreign Office View, for 2 satisfactory foreign propaganda, concerning

The Report states that the Sino-

Tokyo, Oct. 2. which it particularises the use of regime cannot be considered

Japan's economic development, and requisite

is temporary

Japanese Treaty dealing with

Since the Japanese invasion of the boycott and the introduction of have been called into existence great importance of Manchuria in tral Government in China, the final eso."

for the establishment of a stable national co-operation in the Japanese interests would have to with certain anti-foreign propaganda in schools, by a genuine and spontaneous in the reasonableness of her demand solution

That part of the report appears Mukden, the population of Peking government, but points out that ternal reconstruction of China, as deal principally the report remarks that Japan has dependence movement."

rights of Japanese to have been written under the has increased more than 270,000. economile

appears to A great number of the new suffered more than anyone

Japanese Control; the conditions prevailing in China.

Dealing with the present Man-Japans requires not only the Man- suggested by Dr. Sun Yat-sen.

The summary remarks that it nationals, and the railway ques strongest prejudico. churian but also the whole of China

the present situation could be, tlons. Treaties and alma should be: sum up the initial reaction of the residents are officials and people Foreign Oflee to the Lytton Ile- of the middle classes. Those still condi- chukue fovernment, the Commis-las a market.

remaining in Manchurin are most 1. Free participation by Japno alon remarks that the main The report outlines the mutual modified to satisfy thead

the poorer classes.Reuter, the economic development part. in

would The spokesman of the Foreign

Special. political and administrative power

China and Japan would have rests in the hands of its Japanese benefits of a Sino-Japanese econo-tions and embody these ideas. officials and Japanese advisers, mic rapprochement.

achieved a solution of their diffoul of Manchuria, and Danger-Of Disintegration.

ties, which might be made the not carry with it the right to con- Office declared the Commission era of trol the country, either economi- would not have included certain ecctions "If it had properly un- Territory An Integral Part who are constrained moro

derstood its functions under the thing was in confusion. of Chinn

more to follow the directions of

The report debates whether in- starting-point of a new Japaneso oleial authority, which

2. The continuance in Jehel of League resolution." Chapter 2 contains

3. The extension to the whole description of Manchuria and its Possesses means of exercising definite military occupation of close understanding and politienically or politically.

anim-effective way of ensuring Japan ment is not secured, no solution auch rights as Japan now enjove. relations to the rest of China and irresistible pressure, concerning Manchuria is really the most co-operation. If such a rapproche-

the Commission which

and can be really fruitful. danger, external to Russin prior to September, 1931, adverts upon the appointment of against

The Commission then suggeats of Manchuria of the right to settlemission declaring. "Through all its

the Special Ambassador (Gen. stresses the point that any real and

theocation of the principle of mennent periods

Governor lasting solution by agreement that if China and Japan agree to and lease land, coupled with some seriously the of independence, Muto) who is also

the інсивя *and

a solution along

Extrality. Manchuria his remained in-General of the Japanese tenned must be compatible with

The Railways. might bo summoned tegral part of China."

territory and head of the Consular stipulations on which the peace lines indicated, an advisory con- for the na possible. Chapter 3 deals in the main service as well as Commander-in-organisations of the world are ferenco

4. An agreement regarding the

It is pointed out that the Com- the Powers--for instance the cutle with the Sino-Japanese and Man-Chlef of the Japanese army of oc-based; and that any disintegra-ng soon

tion of China might lead to purpose of recommending detail-

for proposals

thecon-operation of the railways. churlan insues prior to Sentembor, eupation.

The Sino-Japanese Treaty of missioners spent only a fortnight tion of instituting a measure of M. international rivalries. ed serious

arbitration. non-in Manchuria. when Manchukuo ternational contral-Reuter Spri 1931, stressing the fact that dur-

No Chinese Support.

while it is clear that any solutionstitution of a special regime for ing the previous quartor century

aggression and mutual co-opera- was newly established and every olal, Manchuria's ties with China had Strensing the difficulties ex-which ignored the Boviet's im the administration of the Three conciliation, been growing stronger, while perienced in finding out the portant interests In Manchuria Eastern Provinces..

from

MANCHURIAN RELATIONS

22

general

an

wars

con-

to

inter.

which

ESE

taken

It is contented that the Com- appears to have

of the evidence anonymous Chinese, while the evidence advanced by the Japanese and Manchukuo authorl- been dis- ties seemed to have credited.

TH

It is added that Lord Lytton and his colleagues "wore undoubtedly influenced subsequently by their prolonged stay in Pelping undet Chang Haugh-linng's influence," na The opinion is expressed that the suggestions regarding Mark churia might profitably be applied to the relations between China bhd