THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. MONDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1932.
LYTTON REPORT FAVOURABLE TO NANKING
MANCHURIA INTEGRALLY A PART OF CHINA
NEW
STATE
JAPANESE
CREATED
EARLY CONFERENCE PROPOSED
(SPECIAL TO THE "TELEGRAPH”).
no
of httitude of the inhabitants Manchuria towards the new State, the Commission comes to the con- clusion, "Thoro is
general Chinese support for the Manchu- kuo Government, which the local Chinese regard as an intrument of The JapanesO.”
to
.
would risk a future breach of peace and would not be permanent.
THE CONCLUSIONS.
Autonomy for the Three Eastern Provinces.
SINO-JAPANESE PACT.
and
tho
Proposed Conference.
It is suggested that the confer- Chinese enco might consist of a representative, a Japanese repre sentative and two delegations re- presenting the local population, ono' to be selected in the manner prescribed by the Chinese Govern- ment and one in the same way by the Japanese
Government. If agreed to, the conference might secure the assistance of. neutral observers. Any anagreed points, would be submitted to the Longue Council simultaneously, and the Sino-Japanese issues should be discussed separately.
3
NIGHT BATTLE WITH MINERS
ARMY OF STRIKERS 'IN CARS ROUTED
tion would provide for a Board of Conciliation and an Arbitration Tribunal. The contracting parties should also agree that Manchuria do- should gradually become militarised zone, for which it would be provided th, after the organisation of the gendarmerie had been effected, any violation of the demilitarised territory by ofther or a third party would con- stitute an act of aggression, en- titling the other (or both in the
One of the most amazing bat- tles in the history of strike riot- taku whatever mengurce they event of a third party attack) to deemed advisable to defend the ing occured last night in the glare territory without prejudice of the of the headlights of lorries and League Council's right to take nc-motor-cars near the shall-Illinois
village of Mulkay-town.. tion under the Covenant.
Sovici Participation.
If the Soviet Government desir- ed to participate in the latter clauses appropriate agreement, could be embodied in n separato three-party agreement.
Springfield (Illinois),
August 26.
The district was invaded by the vanguard of a great column of After seven thousand words, de- of
15,000 striking coal miners, from bating the rights and wrongs
all parts of the States, moving to The Commission suggests that China and Japan and the events
picket pits where a lowered wagn
a day has. scale of five dollars Economic Aspects. in Manchuria prior to September the results of these discussions draws attention 18 last year, and the Manchukuo, and negotiations should be em-
The object of the Sino-Japanese been accepted. Chapter 7
Tientaln eventa the Sino-Japanese struggle Shanghai
commercial treaty would be the
to As the vanguard came rolling ments, as follow:
cstablishment of conditions being not only military but also since that date, the summary of bodfed in four neparate instru- economic, remarking that the the Lytton Report outlines
any 1. A declaration by the Chinese encourage a much as possible the down the highway to Mulkeytown, Chinese boycotts are both popular general principies to which
con-Government, constituting a special exchange of Chinese and Japanese was halted by the sheriff and
Three and organised and supported by satisfactory solution should
administration for the
goods, while safeguarding the strong national sentiment, but form, namely:
Eastern Provinces in the terms re-
countries. The treaty should con- to help him. are enforced by methods amount-
tain an undertaking by the Chinese 1. That both China and Japun,commended by the advisory con existing treaty rights of the other 300 men who had been sworn in
Baseball Bats & Rolling Pins ing to intimidation.
as members of the League, reference.
The leaders of the invading While the main controlling, entitled to claim the same consi-
Aolution from 2 A Sino-Japanese treaty deal- Government to take all measures In its power to forbid and repress "A deration. The Report of the Lytton Commission, released för
boycott movements against Japan hoat, many of whom had their
trade, without prejudice
families with them, threatened to publication yesterday, is regarded as distinctly favour-mission is of opinion that
3. A Sino-Japanese treaty of esi
arbitration, non- against the individual rights of
run down the sheriff and his mon conciliation, able to the case presented before the League by the force is the Kuomintang, the Com- which both did not derive benefiting with Japan's interests.
ja certain amount of direct nasis-
of peace."
if they didn't get out of the way. Nanking Government. The Commission is not satisfied Chinese Government has granted would not be a gain to the cause
2. That to make peace between aggression and mutual assistance. 1 Chinese consumers,
1. A Sino-Japanese' commer-
The summary concludes by say: Thereupon the local men began that the military action taken by Japan in September (tance to the boycott movement,
ing that these sugggestions and erument responsibility, although two neighbouring countries with- last year was entirely justified by the circumstances and which involves a measure of, Gov-
considerations submitted by the shooting at their tyres. At the Commission to the League Council sound of Bring there came stream- holds that the new "State of Manchukuo" cannot be the Commission Toes not suggest out regard for the interests of acial treaty.
in the fact that Government do-just, wise, nor in the interests of considered to have been called into existence by a genuine that there is anything improper third (Russia) could be neither
partments should support the boy-pence
are essential, and that negotia-ing fate the fray from scattered should con- and spontaneous independence movement.
possible and should be conducted 3. Any solution cott movement, but hopes that
tions should be begun as soon as farmhouses and clustered habita League Covenant, the Paris Pact
in a spirit of mutual confidence. Renter And the Nine Power Trenty.
Shanghai, Oct. 2.
the
Japan had acquired auch excep- this problem will eventually be re-
international agree-form with the provisions of the
a na-
·
Reserved Powers. The Commission then indicates the form in which the four above mentioned instruments might be put and various points which they Bettle. The declaration might The official suminary states that tional and unparalleled rights, so gulated by
China's sovereignment.
would deal with such questions as to the Chi- The Open Door. the Lytton Report in its introdue- restricting
Manchuria, 4. The rights and interests of the powers reserved tion recalls the circumstances rights, that conflict was
The Mission states,
Chapter 8
with the denla
Manchuria ennnot be nese Government in leading to the appointment of the 'tural result.
side
- legitimate
economie interests of Manchuria, Japan in
and the appointment. of Commission of Inquiry; it the "Each
the Sino-Japanese ignored, and any solution which the organisation of a gendarmerie especially deals with the conception of its grievancen.”
Commission de-failed to recognise them and take force mission, and it simsistence less on
Chapter 4 describes how the interests. The
Associations therewith, itension came the breakinglares that the open door principle into account also Japan's his-foreign advisers in Manchuria. the responsibility of past actions than on the necessity for finding print on September 18 last year, should be maintained legally and torical
and practically, in the Interests means of avoking their repetitino. as to which
lu
the
Chinese
of would not e satisfactory.
Re-Statement of Rights.
The introduction concludes with the Japanese versions are contradie-Japan, Manchuria and the real of statment that knowledge of essen 1013 tinl factors in the recent Sino-!
Japanese relations is new,sary.
also
China's knowledge of
HEM
the three countries,
of
Japanese Prepared.
Pointing out that the Japanese
[China.
ISSUES NOT SIMPLE.
State Satisfactory.
It is suggested that the powers reserved to the Central Govern- ment should be:
INITIAL REACTIONS IN TOKYO.
children in thoir teens, armed tions of miners, men, women, and with every conceivable weapon from baseball bats and rolling pins to shotguns and antiqunted pistols.
They leaped on the invading cars and laid about them right and left. The glit was short, sharp and decisive. When it was
were in ful· over the invaders
behind them, retreat, leaving disabled on the rond, overturned in ditches or stranded in border cara and lorries, some of the lat- ing. Gelds of maize, 30 or more ter filled with provisions.
wounded!.
Searen on both rides had been
REPORT RECEPTION WITH CLAIM
Tokyo, Oct. 2. treaty 1. Control of general
to Contrary expectation the 5. A restatement of the rea-1 pective rights, interests and res and foreign relations, not other- ponsibilities of both countring in wise provided for, it being under-military authorities accepted the Manchuria in new treaties (which stood that the Central Government betion Report with an exemplary pational aspirations, Japan's and had a carefully prepared plan to
Expressing appreciation of the Russia's expansionist policies, and meet the occasion of possible Sino-Neither Status Quo Nor Present shall be part of the settlement would not enter into any inter air of calmness. ~
agreement) is desirable if future national engagements inconsistent
Commission's work, a spokesman: the dissemination of Communion Japanese hostilities, while the
friction is to be avoided and with the terms of the declaration. well as the Chinese had none, the Commission
2. Control of the Customs, Poal on behalf of the War Office stated after studying the by the Sovet,
In Chapter 9, pointing out that mutual confidence and co-opera- remark that on the night of Sep-
Office, Salt Gabelle, and possibly to the Press
Expedition Given Up. · economic and strategie nerds
tember 18 the Japanese plan was the issues involved are not simpletion restored.
This morning the men and wo 6. As a corollary, it is neces- the administration of stamp duty aummary: put into operation with swiftness because many features have
be and wine and tobacco taxes, the p
"The War Offee sees no neces-
men of the routed column were and precision. And the Chinese parallel elsewhere in the world:
made for facilitating the prompt advisory conference determining
As an equitable division of the net sity for changing the views al- were curprised by the Japanese and that without a declaration of sary that provision should
Income on those revenues between ready given to the world, but is in ugly mood and their leaders attack and subsequent operations, war a large area of indisputa
the Central Government and the confident that the League and the sent this deflant message to the Powers will gradually come to un- authorities of Franklin County, "The military operations of the Chinese territory has been forel-settlement of minor disputes
derstand forces of Japan and 7. The Government of Man- Three Eastern Provinces.
the justness and fal- just within the borders of which in Japanese during this night cannot bly seized and occupied by the they arise.
be regarded as measures of legiti-armed
should be modified to
ness of Jupan's stand."-Reuter's, the battle took place: the mate self defence." but the Coma-separated from, and declared in-churia
Special. consistently with securo, exclude the dependent of, the rest of China,
Polnis Criticised. It states."Polition upheavals, i civil wars and social and economie mission does not
China's Transition
the
is
Chapter 1 declares that the dominating factor in China is modernisation of China, who showing evidence of transition all aspects of her national life.
been characteristic of Chlas since eting in self-defence."
Effect of Communism The report declares that
Can munism has become an actual rival to the National Government, and is linked with the larger problem of national reconstruction; neverthe-i less the Commission finds that con- ! siderable process has been made.
reckoned with,
THE PUPPET STATE.
Manchukuo Created and
Chapter
he
Status Quo Not & Solution.
2217
of
the
Withdrawal of Troops,
meel
Three
Appointments.
"We are coming on. You can't kill all of us."
CONSULATE TAKEN
authority is not openly repudiated, ment, Pu Yi's appointment andtion. "The maintenance and re- Jaim ut placing Sino-Japanese com-ed in the autonomous Government that Manchukuo is recognised. He wherein they used bombs and ma-
character.
"The present Government
88
improved
Foreign Instructors.
3. The power of appointment (at least in the first instance) of
Tokyo, Oct. 2. unrest, with the resulting weakness hypothesis that "the officers on the the Commission remarks that the sovereignty and administrative in
and serious, because the Japanese of autonomy, designed to
It soon became evident, how- the Chief Executive of the Govern- special
Broadly speaking the main cri- of the Central Government, bavo "pot may have thought they were | problem is unusually complicated ¦ tegrity of China, a large measur
ment of the Three Eastern Pro-!
Thoroughly dis- The Commission does not anti-Government claims that its act is
characteristics of The new civil vinces, in accordance with the pro- ticism of the report is that it is ever, that the army could not be the Revolution in 1911. These concinate any change in the general consistent with its international local conditions and the
filled too little is devoted to China and,couraged, men began to drop out tion. Vacancies would be
and hend for home. The leaplers ditions have adversely affected all the nationa, with whom China hasituation in Manchuria in the near fobligations, and also, with the Eastern Provinces.
Geneva: alan conducted as to satisfy the essen in the same way by some system the Far East generally.
at a mass meeting acknowledged been brought into contact, und untfii future, while an extension of the assurance given by the Japanese regime must be so constituted and ecdure laid down in the declara- unduly confined to Manchuria and held together.
The main points criticised are that all the military operations tial requirements of good govern of selection in the Three Eastern
that the expedition was a failure they are remedied will continue toren of conilist in the dehol region representative at
have heen legitimate acts
Provinces, to be agreed to by the advisory conference and inserted the assertion that Japan's conten- and on their advice It was do- tlon of her special position in be a menace to world peace and as a contingency which must
self-defence, and the establishment.
in the declaration.
! Manchuria contributory cause of world one-
is incompatible with initely abandoned The Shanghai War.
ment of the new administration in mic depression;" adding that it is:
the Manchuri was the spontaneous
8. The internal order of Man-
4. The power of issuing to the the Nine Power Treaty, and the deals with evident a national outlook must bej
Chapter 5
churia should be secured by an attained by a far greater number of
considerable Chinese citizens before real national Japanese operations at Shanghai,act of the local population.
"which exercised a
The Commision does not argut effective local gendarmerie force. Chief Executive of the Three assertion that the blowing up of against external Eastern Provinces such instrue the railway on the night of Sep- Manchurian unity can result.
influence upon the
the issue. but has tried to provide and security
all armed sure the carrying out of inter cient, to justify the Japanese mill- The Chinese spirit of the League with aufficient material aggression should be provided by lions as might be necessary to en tember 18 last year was insuffi- situation."
SIXTY-EIGHT JAPANESE resistance was increased and the to settle the dispute, consistent the "withdrawal of
the Central Govenment of thereafter overstepped the bounds
KILLED IN MANCHULI Chinese forces in Manchuria were with the honour and dignity and forces other than the gendarmerie national engagements entered into tary action and that the action
Harbin, Oct. 1. the national interests of both con- and by the conclusion of a treaty by riven fresh heart.
of nonaggression between the China in matiera under the nd- of self defence,
[ministration of the autonomous
The Foreign Omee spokesman tending parties.
countries interested."
Government of the Three Bustern
that Japan would
Refugees from Manchuli stato emphasised For the purpose of the en-Provinces.
never permit the interference by a 9.
that railway guards who recently **** mere restoration of thecouragement of the Sino-Japanese
All additional powers agreed third party in settlement of the dispersed a Manchukuo garrison 5. 21 Լ: 11*
Manchurian dispute, nor agree to force had occupied the Japanese Maintained by Japanese. Įstatus quo ante would not be afeconomie rapprochement, a
It would leave out of commercial treaty between the two upon by the advisory conference.
All other powers would be vest. the suggestion of autonomy, now Consulate after repeated attacką, 6 deals with Man-solution." Although the Contral Govern-1
said the report contains much ment's authority is still weak in
that is unfair to Japan, hut noth- chine guns and stokes mortars.
stud number of provinces, the central chukuo, reviewing its establish account the realities of the situa desirable. The treaty should
The defenders put up a
werd Ing unfair to China" and he de-
Government would born fight but eventually with their being incom-formity and these is hope that, if the Cen the lanuguration ceremonies at cognition of the present regime in mercial relations on an equitable of the Three Eastern Provinces.
a special clared the
The fate of the trial Government can be maintain-Changchun, and the laws and re- Manchuria would be equally un-basis and bringing them into con-
It is nuggested that Manchu Batisfactory," underlying Igulations
with the fundamental political relations.
gendarmerie should be organised strongly refute the contention that overwhelmed.
Manchurian independence Japanese Consul and his staff and organisation; ed, the provincial administrations.
declaring patible
Internal Reconstruction.
with the collaboration of foreign the
was instigated and the gendarmes who were protect will kno's military forces and finance
that the independence movement principles of existing international acquire an increasingly nationals only made possible by the obligations, and good understand-
10. Since the present political instructors "which would be the movement
Its Staff.
According to information-
·prosence of Japanese troops;"ing between Chinn and Japan, on
when completed adding also, "A group of Japanese which the pence of the Far East Instability in China is an obstacle only armed force within the Three supported by the Japanese General ing the Consulate is not known.
depends, and incompatible with the
In conclusion the spokesman in ceived by the C.E.R. offices, 68 civil and military oficiala
Puhatu, while has already accomplished much."
ceived and organised, and carried feelings of the people of Manchuria; to friendship with Japan and an Eastern Provinces Declaring that China has been through, this movement," while while China would not voluntarily anxiety to the rest of the world, organisation
"the Japanese General Staff pro-accept the complete separation of as the maintenance of peace in the should be followed by the retire-
tional concern, and since the con other armed forces, including any fine her statement to refuting and chall, three at Anti-Foreignism
vided assistance and gave direc- the Three Eastern Provinces as a Far East is a matter of internament from this territory of all timated that Japan would car Japanese were killed at Man
lanting solution.
ditions enumerated above cannot special bodies of police or railway rectifying miatatements of fact nine were killed and five wounded
first eight chapters.-Reuter.
Peking Population hampered by the virulence of anti-on to the organisers."
For this rennon, "the preson!
Peking, Oct. 1.. The Commission recognises the be fulfilled without a strong Cen-guards, whether Chinese or Japan and the mistaken Ideas In the at Hallar-Reuter..
Foreign Office View, for 2 satisfactory foreign propaganda, concerning
The Report states that the Sino-
Tokyo, Oct. 2. which it particularises the use of regime cannot be considered
Japan's economic development, and requisite
is temporary
Japanese Treaty dealing with
Since the Japanese invasion of the boycott and the introduction of have been called into existence great importance of Manchuria in tral Government in China, the final eso."
for the establishment of a stable national co-operation in the Japanese interests would have to with certain anti-foreign propaganda in schools, by a genuine and spontaneous in the reasonableness of her demand solution
That part of the report appears Mukden, the population of Peking government, but points out that ternal reconstruction of China, as deal principally the report remarks that Japan has dependence movement."
rights of Japanese to have been written under the has increased more than 270,000. economile
appears to A great number of the new suffered more than anyone
Japanese Control; the conditions prevailing in China.
Dealing with the present Man-Japans requires not only the Man- suggested by Dr. Sun Yat-sen.
The summary remarks that it nationals, and the railway ques strongest prejudico. churian but also the whole of China
the present situation could be, tlons. Treaties and alma should be: sum up the initial reaction of the residents are officials and people Foreign Oflee to the Lytton Ile- of the middle classes. Those still condi- chukue fovernment, the Commis-las a market.
remaining in Manchurin are most 1. Free participation by Japno alon remarks that the main The report outlines the mutual modified to satisfy thead
the poorer classes.Reuter, the economic development part. in
would The spokesman of the Foreign
Special. political and administrative power
China and Japan would have rests in the hands of its Japanese benefits of a Sino-Japanese econo-tions and embody these ideas. officials and Japanese advisers, mic rapprochement.
achieved a solution of their diffoul of Manchuria, and Danger-Of Disintegration.
ties, which might be made the not carry with it the right to con- Office declared the Commission era of trol the country, either economi- would not have included certain ecctions "If it had properly un- Territory An Integral Part who are constrained moro
derstood its functions under the thing was in confusion. of Chinn
more to follow the directions of
The report debates whether in- starting-point of a new Japaneso oleial authority, which
2. The continuance in Jehel of League resolution." Chapter 2 contains
3. The extension to the whole description of Manchuria and its Possesses means of exercising definite military occupation of close understanding and politienically or politically.
anim-effective way of ensuring Japan ment is not secured, no solution auch rights as Japan now enjove. relations to the rest of China and irresistible pressure, concerning Manchuria is really the most co-operation. If such a rapproche-
the Commission which
and can be really fruitful. danger, external to Russin prior to September, 1931, adverts upon the appointment of against
The Commission then suggeats of Manchuria of the right to settlemission declaring. "Through all its
the Special Ambassador (Gen. stresses the point that any real and
theocation of the principle of mennent periods
Governor lasting solution by agreement that if China and Japan agree to and lease land, coupled with some seriously the of independence, Muto) who is also
the інсивя *and
a solution along
Extrality. Manchuria his remained in-General of the Japanese tenned must be compatible with
The Railways. might bo summoned tegral part of China."
territory and head of the Consular stipulations on which the peace lines indicated, an advisory con- for the na possible. Chapter 3 deals in the main service as well as Commander-in-organisations of the world are ferenco
4. An agreement regarding the
It is pointed out that the Com- the Powers--for instance the cutle with the Sino-Japanese and Man-Chlef of the Japanese army of oc-based; and that any disintegra-ng soon
tion of China might lead to purpose of recommending detail-
for proposals
thecon-operation of the railways. churlan insues prior to Sentembor, eupation.
The Sino-Japanese Treaty of missioners spent only a fortnight tion of instituting a measure of M. international rivalries. ed serious
arbitration. non-in Manchuria. when Manchukuo ternational contral-Reuter Spri 1931, stressing the fact that dur-
No Chinese Support.
while it is clear that any solutionstitution of a special regime for ing the previous quartor century
aggression and mutual co-opera- was newly established and every olal, Manchuria's ties with China had Strensing the difficulties ex-which ignored the Boviet's im the administration of the Three conciliation, been growing stronger, while perienced in finding out the portant interests In Manchuria Eastern Provinces..
from
MANCHURIAN RELATIONS
22
general
an
wars
con-
to
inter.
which
ESE
taken
It is contented that the Com- appears to have
of the evidence anonymous Chinese, while the evidence advanced by the Japanese and Manchukuo authorl- been dis- ties seemed to have credited.
TH
It is added that Lord Lytton and his colleagues "wore undoubtedly influenced subsequently by their prolonged stay in Pelping undet Chang Haugh-linng's influence," na The opinion is expressed that the suggestions regarding Mark churia might profitably be applied to the relations between China bhd