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ideas prevailed for many years amongst even the more enlightened Europeans. Since Chadwick did not identify the Chinese inhabitants who approved of the plan, it is not possible to determine from his re- port whether the proposed changes in the District Watchmen's duties had the backing of the Chinese merchants who paid for their services. However, what is indisputable is that a Notification appeared in the Government Gazette on 21 April 1883 about the formation of a Sani- tary Board. Chadwick's crusade for the inclusion of a dedicated Sani- tary Officer was ignored and the Board comprised the Surveyor General, the Registrar General, the Colonial Surgeon and the Sanitary Inspector. The Notice stated that the Sanitary Board would be assisted by the following staff:

1 Coloured Watchman for the Peak District;

2 Head District Watchmen for Western;

12 District Watchmen for Western;

2 Head District Watchmen and 12 District Watchmen for Central District;

2 Head District Watchmen and 12 District Watchmen for Eastern

District.

This was the entire District Watch Force.

Less than two months after the publication of this Notification, an Ordinance was enacted on 1 June 1883 entitled "The Order and Clean- liness Amendment Ordinance, 1883' (No. 7 of 1883). This allowed the Governor 'to constitute a permanent Sanitary Board to exercise super- vision and control over all matters connected with sanitation in the Colony.' Whilst the District Watchmen were not mentioned by name, the ordinance stated that the Governor could, from time to time, ap- point and remove 'such officers as the Board may require for the pur- pose of carrying out the duties of the Board and the laws relating to sanitation.' Ten days later the 'Instructions' to the various groups people involved in the 'Maintenance of Order and Cleanliness' were published in the Government Gazette. The Instructions to the Se-

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of