1931-06-01 — Page 4

YK.LIN

N.

REDUCED THROUGH TICKETS TO KUROPE VIA USA, VARYING FROM 183 TO £12) ON SALE

SAN FRANCISCO vin Shanghai, Japan Ports & Honolulu.

TAIYO MARU

Tuesday, Wednesday,

9th June. 24th June.

2nd June.

30th June.

SEATTLE, VANCOUVER via Shanghai & Japan Ports.

LONDON, MARSEILLES, ANTWERİ, ROTTERDAM via

CHICHIBU MARU

HIYE MARU

Tuesday,

HEIAN MARU

Tuesday,

Singapore, Penang, Colombo, Suez.

KATORI MARU

Saturday,

KASHIMA MARU

Saturday,

13th June. 27th June.

SYDNEY & MELBOURNE via Manila & Ports.

ATSUTA MARU

Saturday,

27th June,

KAMO MARU

Saturday,

26th July.

BOMBAY via Singapore, Penang, & Colombo.

KAGA MARU

† HAKODATE MARU

SOUTH

Thursday,

Saturday,

AMERICA (West Coast) via Japan,

Los Angeles, Mexico und Panama, GINYO MARU

11th June.

27th June..

Honolulu,

30th June.

Tuesday,

NEW YORK, BOSTON via Parama,

+ TAKETOYO MARU

Sunday,

14th June.

†TATSUNO MARU

Saturday,

4th July.

LIVERPOOL via Port Said, Stamboul (Constantinople), Genoa.

† DAKAR MARU

Monday,

15th June.

CALCUTTA via Singapore, Penang & Rangoon.

PENANG MARU

+

་

† CALCUTTA MARU

Monday, Monday,

8th June. 15th June.

† TAJIMA MARU

Thursday,

4th June. 5th June. 12th June,

SHANGHAL, KOBE & YOKOHAMA,

† MURORAN MARU (Moji direct). Friday. HAKONE MARU

↑ Cargo only.

Friday,

For further information apply to:--NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA,

Telephone 30291.

0.

Private exchange to all departments.)

K.

SAILINGS FROM HONG KONG BUBJECT TO ALTERATION.

LONDON, HAMBURG, ROT: Andes Mara

RIO DE JANEIRO, SANTOS] Montevideo Maru

BOMBAY via Singapore, Sumatru Maru

LOURENCO Chicago Maru

Thurs.,

11th June

Fri.,

26th June

Wed.,

Fri

3rd June

5th June

5th June

2nd June 1

TERDAM & ANTWERP:

VIA Singapore,

Colombo,,

Suez & Port Said.

&

BUENOS AIRES

vis

Saigon, Singapore, Colom

bo. Durban & Capetown.

DURBAS; HEIRA, DAR-1

Belawan Deli & Colombo.

ES-SALAAM. ZANZIBAR

& MOMBASA via Singa

pore te

& Calambo.

MELBOURNE via

Manila, Sydney Maru

Fri.,

Brisbane & Sydney.

CALCUTTA via Singapore, Tacoma Meru

Tues.,

***

TACOMA &

VICTORIA, SEATTLE,

Belawan Deli & Rangoon.

VANCOUVER

via Japan Ports.

VI

NEW YORK via Japan porta. Kinni Maru

Los Angeles &

Panama. Tokai Mary

Mon., Wed.,

Call Direct at Boston.

Philadelphia & Baltimore.

JAPAN PORTS (Freight Ser-] Atlas Maru

Sun,

14th June

vice).

HAIPHONG via Hoihow & Menado Maru (under

Pakhoi (Fortnightly).

docking)

KEELUNG vip Swatow & Canton Maru

Thurs.,

Sun.,

Amoy (3 p.m. every Sun- Hozan Maru dny).

Sun

TAKAO vin Swalow & Amoy Deli Mara

Thurs.,

11th Jano

7th June 14th June

4th June

(Fortnightly).

For further particulars please apply to:-

OSAKA SHOSEN KAISHA.

Telephone 28061.

Donations and Subscriptions must

now be sent to the Hon. Treasurer,

Mrs. H. E. Goldsmith, 525, The Peak.

1st June 9th July

HONG KONG BENEVOLENT SOCIETY.

SHIPBUILDERS,

SHIP REPAIRERS,

BOILER MAKERS,

FORGE MASTERS, OXY-ACETYLENE, AND

ELECTRIC WELDERS, MECHANICAL, AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS.

of a

NAVIGATION BY WIRELESS.

Direction-Finding Devices.

frame

with

ROTATING BEACON.

THE

each

CHINA MAIL.

previous tests.

ping Intelligence

The results of į guiations about 40 British ships observation on the Orfordness.jwould be required to be equipped bencon forwarded by various with direction-finders. Quite! ships to the Board of Trade are apart from any such regulation, annlysed in the report referred however, the usefulness of the to above, and confirm, on techni- direction-finder may be judged cal grounds, the favourable opin from the fact that just over 1,200 ion previously formed of the out of the 3,600 British ships system.

given in carrying wireless are fitted with The results the report definitely established direction-finders. Nevertheless, the claim of this beacon system it is thought that a good many to be regarded as a competitor, of the ships not yet fitted with! so far as accuracy is concerned, direction-finders are likely to re with

some years without other systems of radio main for direction-finding at present in such equipment. The question general use.

arises whether something should be done for such ships by the erection of a limited number of rotating beacons, or whether it should be left to the owners to equip them with direction- finders. On this there is a con- siderable difference of opinion.

of a vessel. The

J

MONDAY, JUNE 1, 1931.

000

4

GREAT WHITE LINERS

Largest and fastest on

the Pacific cut

DAYS OFF

Ocean travel to the

Pacific Coast.

Shanghai

Hong Kong

Lenta

June 5 June

Aiute

INOKA

Yokohama Honolulu

LEATE

Drars

8 June 11 June 13

11

8

Venfajtor

Artise

June 22

3 July 8

July 20

31 Aug.

Aug.

Aug

Sept. 14 Sept. 27

Empress of Asia Empress of Canada June 20 June 23 Juna 25 June 27 July Empress of Russia

July 3 July G July 9 July Empress of Japan July 18 July 21 July 23 July 25 July Empress of Asia July 31 Aug. 3 Aug. 6 Aug.

of Empress Canada Aug. 15 Aug. 18

18 Aug. 20 Aug. 22 Empress of Russia Aug. 28 Aug. 31 Sept. 3 Sept. 5 Empress of Japan. Sept. 12 Sept. 15 Sept. 17 Sept, 19 Empress of Asin Sept. 25 Sept. 28 Get. 1 Oct. 3 Empress of Canada Oct. 10 Oct. 18 Oct. 15 Oct. 17 Empress of Russia Oct, 21 Oct, 26 Oct. 29 Oct. 31

"Empress of Russia" and "Empress of Asia" call at Nayasakl.

Oct. 12 Oct. 25

Nov. 9

June 25

HONG KONG---MANILA.

Leave Hong Kong Arrive Manila

June 12

June 14 June 27

EMPRESS OF CANADA EMPRESS OF RUSSIA

For further information please apply to:

CANADIAN PACIFIC World's Greatest Travel System.

Telephones: Passenger 20752.

Freight 20042.

Telephone: Hong Kong All Depts. GACANPAC: Passenger Dept. Cable Address: NAUTILUS: Freight Dept.

BRITISH WUCHOW

LINE

SAILING DATES FOR JUNE, 1931 (Subject to Change). DEPARTURE HOURS: Hong Kong 5.30 p.m., Wuchow 3 p.m. S.S. "TAI HING”

Arrives Hong Kong.

[1,068 tona-Capt. Trott.]

Lerves Hong Kong

Arrives

Leaves

Wuchow

Wuchow

MON,

1st

WED.

3rd THURS. 4th

FRI.

SUN.

7th

TUES. 9th

FRI

12th

SUN

14th

WED. MON.

198 15th

THURS. 18th

WED.

TUES. 30th

24th

SAT.

20th

FRL 26th

SAT. WED.

THURS. 2nd

5th THURS. 11th

TUES. 16th 22nd

SUN. 21st MON.

27th SUN. 28th 3rd SAT. 4th

It is urged against the rotating beacon, therefore, that this and other

countries are already largely committed to the radio direction-inder on

board ship and the fixed beacon on shore, and that in the present financial crisis in the shipping industry it is unnecessary to ask ship- owners to pay increased dues in order to provide rotating beacons in addition. These, it is also pointed out, are more costly to erect and maintain than fixed beacons, while it is impossible to leave them to be operated by lighthouse keepers as is the case for and against the erection of with the fixed beacons, nor, on further rotating beacons, but in account of site considerations, view of the present crisis in the can they be erected at important shipping industry the financial navigation points as, for exam- aspect of the problem is of para- ple, on rocks or on lightships. mount importance. In better

Ports of Call-Samshui, Shuihing, Takhing & Doshing. Fares Return (not including meals) $18.00.

Meals and Wines are to be obtained on board. Hong Kong Arrivals & Departures from Tai Hing Wharf.

For information apply tom

29, Connaught Road, West, Phone 20893.

Co.,

The British seaman has always been cautious of relying for the safety of his ship on any device in which he has not the fullest confidence. Moreover, like the Navy, the British Mercantile Shore Direction-Finding. Marine is a silent service; it is It may, therefore, be of inter- not often that the landsman has est to discuss the present posi- an opportunity of knowing the tion of the direction-finding ser- opinions of British seamen on vices Available for the any particular question. Espe- mariner. Apart from the cially interesting, therefore, is Orforduess rotating beacon two the symposium of the opinions of methods of direction-finding are

For the service of ships equip- -21 masters of British merchant used. The first of these is to ped with direction-finders a num- vessels on the latest means

of place the direction-finding ap- ber of special transmitting_sta- radio direction-finding. This isaratus at special shore stations tions (fixed beacons) have been contained in a report on the which on request supply bear- erected both In Britain and Orfordness Rotating Beacon pub-ings to ships who make the trans- abroad. In Britain the fixed lished by the Department of missions necessary for the ob- beacons are,

with three excep- Scientific and Industrial Reservations. The Post Office main- tions, erected and maintained by search. This beacon enables tain one special station of this the general Light-house. Authori ships to obtain wireless bearings description at the Lizard, while ties as a charge on the General without the use of any special six of the Post Office shore wire Lighthouse Fund. This fund de radio direction-finder on board less stations namely. Niton, rives its revenue mainly from ship. All that is required is an Mablthorpe, Cullercoats, Port- the light dues paid by ships en- ordinary wireless receiving ap patrick, Malin Head, Wick-tering British ports, and the cost paratus and a watch or clock with carry out direction-finding ser of providing beacons falis, à seconds' hand.

vices in addition to their other therefore, on shipping. prin. The principle on which

the duties. Dependence on shore cipally British.. For some years beacon works is very simple. direction-finding stations has, now a programme for the erec-1 The transmitting aerial consists however, been rapidly supple- tion of fixed beacons at import- rectangular frame which mented by the use of the alterna- ant navigation points has been rotates once in one minute. It is tive system under which the carried out with the support" of the property of such a frame direction-finder is installed on British shipowners. Under this that the signals from it, at a board ship, and the ship deter-programme 14 beacons have been given receiver, are strongest mines her position by reference completed and are now working, when the frame points towards to a non-directional transmit- while four others are in course of the receiver, and gradually de- ting station on shore.

construction. In addition to crease in intensity as the frame

A shore direction-finder has these, three small beacons have is rotated until they vanish when advantage in that the equipment been erected by local lighthouse the line from the transmitter to is erected on a selected site care- authorities. The English Chan. the receiver is exactly at rightfully calibrated for site errors, nel, and in particular its south. angles to the frame. As the and the bearings are obtained by western approaches, is well pro is further rotated the personnel skilled in this type of vided for, as are the East Coast signals again increase, the whole radio work. The system thus of England and the approaches effect being similar to that met probably provides the most ac-

to St. George's Channel, case of portable curate means in the

of obtaining the broadcast receivers. The vanish bearing of a ship by wireless. ing point in a properly designed Nevertheless, in the case of the transmitter is very sharply mark- larger ships at any rate, the ed. In applying this property to slightly increased accuracy does a directional transmitter a con- not outweigh the disadvantages tinuous signal is started

which the system presents to time the rotating frame is at the master right angles to the direction of shipmaster is as a rule of an true north. If, therefore, the ob independent nature and prefers server in the receiving ship notes to have the means the time on his watch at which bearings under his own control, of taking the continuous signal begins and and dislikes having his position determines the moment at which worked out and broadcast to him it passes through the zero value, from a land station. the angle through which the congested areas and foggy wea Also in frame has turned can easily be ther it may be convenient for found, since the number of de-him to wait his turn among other grees the frame rotates in 8 second is known.

ships requiring bearings. Again, This angle with a direction-finder on board gives the bearing from true ship the bearing of another ves- north. In actual practice modi sel sending out wireless signals, fications are introduced to meet can be obtained, and this is a The value to safety of life at sea times there is little doubt that Kaltangata, British str., 1,201 tons, the case in which the ship is near-matter of great importance in of a direction-finder on board the majority would be on the ly north or south of the trans- the case of the receipt of a dis-ship for locating the source of an side of regarding fixed and rotat- treas signal or in foggy wea-S.O.S. cali is also strongly eming beacons as complementary, tem have been developed by the tish direction-finding

Rotating beacons on this systher. Finally in the case of Bri- phasised, and in this connection but in the meanwhile it is neces

stations the fear is expressed Air Ministry for aerial naviga- the ship is charged a fee of 5a, provision of rotating beacons mands of shipping as regards that the sary to see that the essential de- tion, and a long study of the ap for

each bearing ohtained, would discourage the installa-safety and assistance to naviga- plication of the system to marine which, although small, probably tion of di. ection-finders in ships tion are provided at the mini- navigation was carried out by prevents more use of the stations not compulsorily required to mum cost. For financial reasons, the Radio Research Board. The being made than can be avoided. carry them. results of this investigation were The

therefore, it has been decided communicated to the Wireless bearings given by Post Office

total number of wireless Advantages of Rotating Beacon, that no new fixed beacons should Direction-finding Committee of stations to vessels of the Mer to the rotating beacon point out onding March 31, 1982, but that Those more favourably inclined be begun during the 12 months the Board of Trade, who, mainly cantile Marine in the last few the popularity of the present the experiment of the Orford Patroclus, British str., 6,910 tons, as a result of this work, recom inended the erection of a rotating 9,018; 1928, 8,010-1929, 10,840; the smaller vessel, and the advan-continued during that time.

follows:-1927, experimental beacon, its value to ness rotating beacon should be beacon at Orfordness in Suffolk,

1930, 9,140. Of the bearings tages which the rotating beacon the meanwhile research aspects where the system could be tried! out by ships at ses when the given in 1980, 3,264 were fur possesses on technical and finan- of the problem are being con- nished by the Lizard, 1,986 by cial grounds over the shore sidered by the Radio Research Niton, and 1.555 by Cullercoats.

direction-finding stations, which, Beard of the Department of although perhaps not extensively Scientific and Industrial Re used, could not be closed without search.—Ex. something equivalent being put In their place. They see no rea- son why a limited number of rotating beacons should not be

Friday, May 29. selected points Mao Lee, Chinese str., 1,200 tons, put at certain where site considerations would

Captain Y. Watanabe, from further research might do much not be acute, and consider, that

Dairen, busy No. B17-Yee Tại Hong. to reduce maintenance costs, re- Produce, Norwegian str., 743 tons, garding which there is at present Capt. C. W. Engelertsen, from little reliable information. In

Keelung, buoy No. C48.-K. Larsen & Co. any case, they consider that

owner of small ships who is not

Capi, E. Coleborn, from Amoy, prepared to face the cost of

buoy No. A9.-M. M. & Co. equipping his vessele with direc-Trier German str. 5,401 tons, tion-finders. It has also been

Capt. J. Jackens, from Shang- suggested, that further research

hai, buoy No. AT-Melchers may lead to rotating beacons of & Co. longer range being designed, so

Saturday, May 80." that a few such beacons suitably Albert Sarraut, French str., 1,181 placed would enable all ships fit

tons, Capt. Benoist, from Sal ted with wireless receivers to gon, buoy No. B18.-M.M. steer better courses and to make Borneo British str., 1,296 tons, more accurate. landfalls with a

Capt. RA. Pritchard, from corresponding saving in time and

Saigon, buoy No. A15-Wo Fat fuelThe cost to the shipowner

Sing,

mitter.

personnel taking the observa-

tions would be comparatively an. trained compared with the skill. ed observers who carried out the

- DRY DOCK -

THE TAIKOO DOCKYARD & ENGINEERING COMPANY

OF HONG KONG, LIMITED.

SALVAGE TUG “TAIKOO”

Wireless Call

WP.G.N. 500 Meters

Tel. Address ↑ "TAIKOODOCK," HONG KONG.

Telephone No. 30211G12ARIN Call Fing': “C” över “ ANS, PENNANT.".

Length 787 Feet. Length on Blocks 750 Feet. Depth on Centre of

SID (LW.O.S.T.). 34 ft. 6. ins. THREE SLIPWAYS

Capable of Handling Ships Up

to 8,000 Tons Displacement. Electric Crane at Sea Wall, Capehle of Lifting 100 Tons at 70 Feet Radius

BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE,

HONG KONG CHINA & JAPAN

AGENTS.

years are as

ARRIVALS OF SHIPS.

In

SANG WO Lid.

A rotating radio beacon pro- vides a similar service to that of a shore direction-finding station and possesses none of the disad. vantages referred to above. On grounds of accuracy the rotating beacon compared with 籍 direction-finder on board ship has an advantage in the case of small vessels. With a direction |finder on board ship the bearing ia observed relative to the ship's head, and the accuracy of hearing is limited by the accuracy with which a ship's compass indicates something should be done for the Tilawa, British atr.. 8,169. tona,

instantaneous direction of her head. In a rough seas ship's head may swing 5 deg. or more, and there is probably a lag between the actual direction of the ship's head and the reading of the compass. Also with a direction-finder on board a cor- rection or compensation has to be made for the effect of the metal of the ship's hull and the pre- sence of stays or other metal

the

near the direction-finder In taking bearings from a rotating beacon these difficulties do not

arise.

3

of auch beacons might be reduced Chian Lee, Chinese etr., 1,850 tons, by contributions from the International Convention. at Sea Convention the provision navigation. Indeed, the Air City

Under the last Safety of Life authorities responsible for terial

of direction-finding equipment

Ministry has borne half the cost

on board ships will be compulsory of the Orfordness rotating bea- for passenger steamers of 5,000 o

tons and upwards on and after,

It will be seen, therfore, that July 1, 1988. Under these re- there are strong arguments both

Capt. E. Ishii, from Canton, buoy No. 110. Toe Tải Hong of Elwood, American str.,

8,822-tons, Capt H. T. Hochw, from Manila, buoy No. AG-L. Everett Inc,

AS Hydranges, British str., 501 tons, -Captain PW. Grierson, from

On

Wharf.-

Swntow, Chiu Chiu On S.S. Co. Hellas, Norwegian str. 1,114 tons, Capt. J. Davidson, from Swa- tow, buoy No. C2.-Thoresen & Co.

Captain G. H. Wilkins, from Bangkok, Yaumati Anchorage. -Williamson & Co.

Kinai Maru, Japanese str., 5,040

tons, Capt. T. Yamaguchi, from Nagasaki, buoy No. A6.- O.S.K.

Kweiyang, British str., 1,850 tons, Capt. A. Cook, from Hɔlhow, buoy No. B9.-B. & S. Liangchow, British str., 1,219 tons, Capt. D. Wilson, from Salgon, buoy No. B27.-B. & S.

Capt. G. T. Clark, from Sin- gapore, Holt's Wharf--B. & S. President Fillmore, American str., 9,391 tons, Captain W. O. Kohlmeister, from Son Fran- cleco, Kowloon Dock-Dollar S.S. Line. Pre:$dent Taft, American str., 14,128 tons, Capt K. A. Ahlin, from Manila, Kowloon Wharf, --A.M.L.

Suchow, British str., 1,594 tons, Capt, R. H. Fairley, from Swa- tow buoy No. B20-B, & S. Szechuen British str., 1,594 tons, Capt. S. M. Barling, from Can- ton, buoy No, B14.-B. & S. Yuen Sang, British str., 8,229 tons, Capt. J. W. Pettigrew from Calcutta and Straits, Kowloon Wharf.-J. M. & Co.

Sunday, May 31. Adrastus, British str., 4,948 tons,

Captain D. L. C. Evans, from Singapore, Holt's Wharf. B. & S. Benmacdhui, British str., 4,199 tons, Capt. J. R. Bothwell, from Sin- gapore, Kowloon Wharf-Gibb, Livingston & Co.

7:

Gertrude Maersk, Danish str., 3,155 tons, Capt. 0.. Nielson, from Shanghai, busy No, A12-Jeb- se & Co. Michael. Jebsen, Danish, str., 1,342 tons, Captain H.. Ipland, from Holhow, buòy.' No. C1.-Chin Seng Hong.

pora, Dutch str. 1,894 tons, Capt.

8 Bakker, from Samarinda, Yaumati Anchorage. JOJ.L. Walching, British str., 170 tons, Capt. A. Sinclair, from Canton, buoy No B22,4. M. & Co.