XXVIII TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA.
the places where the ships of the United States anchor, or their citizens reside, the merchants, seamen, or others can freely pass and repass in the immediate neighbour- hood; but, in order to the preservation of the public peace, they shall not go into the country to the villages and marts to sell their goods unlawfully, in fraud of the revenue. Art. XIII.-If any vessel of the United States be wrecked or stranded on the coast of China, and be subjected to plunder or other damage, the proper officers of the government, on receiving information of the fact, shall immediately adopt measures for its relief and security; the persons on board shall receive friendly treatment, and be enabled to repair at once to the nearest ports, and shall enjoy all facilities for obtaining supplies of provisions and water. If the merchant vessels of the United States, while within the waters over which the Chinese government exercises jurisdic- tion, be plundered by robbers or pirates, then the Chinese local authorities, civil and military, on receiving information thereof, shall arrest the said robbers or pirates, and punish them according to law, and shall cause all the property which can be recovered to be restored to the owners, or placed in the hands of the consul. If, by reason of the extent of territory and numerous population of China, it shall in any case happen that the robber cannot be apprehended, and the property only in part recovered, the Chinese government shall not make indemnity for the goods lost; but if it shall be proved that the local authorities have been in collusion with the robbers, the same shall be communicated to the superior authorities for memorializing the Throne, and these officers shall be severely punished, and their property be confiscated to repay the losses.
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Art. XIV. The citizens of the United States are permitted to frequent the ports and cities of Canton and Chau-chau or Swatau, in the province of Kwang-tung; Amoy, Foochow, and Tai-wan in Formosa, in the province of Fuhkien; Ningpo in the province of Chehkiang; and Shanghai in the province of Kiangsu, and any other port or place hereafter by treaty with other powers, or with the United States, opened to commerce; and to reside with their families and trade there, and to proceed at plea- sure with their vessels and merchandise from any of these ports to any other of them. But said vessels shall not carry on a clandestine and fraudulent trade at other ports of China not declared to be legal, along the coasts thereof; and any vessel under the American flag violating this provison shall, with her cargo, be subject to confiscation to the Chinese government; and any citizen of the United States who shall trade in any contraband article of merchandise shall be subject to be dealt with by the Chinese government, without being entitled to any countenance or protection from that of the United States; and the United States will take measures to prevent their flag from being abused by the subjects of other nations as a cover for the violation of the laws of the Empire.
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Art. XV.-At each of the ports open to commerce, citizens of the United States shall be permitted to import from abroad, and sell, purchase, and export all merchan- dise, of which the importation is not probibited by the laws of the empire. tariff of duties to be paid by the citizens of the United States, on the export and import of goods from and into China, shall be the same as was agreed upon at the treaty of Wanghai, except so far it may be modified by treaties with other nations, it being expressly agreed that citizens of the United States shall never pay higher duties than those paid by the most favoured nation.
Art. XVI.-Tonnage duties shall be paid on every merchant vessel belonging to the United States entering either of the open ports, at the rate of four mace per ton of forty cubic feet, if she be over one hundred and fifty toas burden; and one maco per ton of forty cubic feet, if she be of the burden of one hundred and fifty tons or under, according to the tonnage specified in the register; which, with her other papers, shall, on her arrival, be lodged with the consul, who shall report the same to the