TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA. XXIX
commissioner of customs. And if any vessel having paid tonnage duty at one port, shall go to any other port to complete the disposal of her cargo, or, being in ballast, to purchase an entire or fill up an incomplete cargo, the consul shall report the same to the commissioner of customs, who shall note on the port-clearance that the ton- nage duties have been paid, and report the circumstances to the collectors at the other custom-houses; in which case, the said vessel shall only pay duty on her cargo, and not be charged with tonnage duty a second time. The collectors of customs at the open ports shall consult with the consuls about the erection of beacons cr light houses, and where buoys and light-ships should be placed.
Art. XVII.-Citizens of the United States shall be allowed to engage pilots to take their vessels into port, and when the lawful duties have all been paid, take them out of port. It shall be lawful for them to hire at pleasure servants, compradors, linguists, writers, labourers, sea.nen, and persons for whatever necessary service, with passage or cargo-boats, for a reasonable compensation, to be agreed upon by the parties or determined by the consul.
Art. XVIII.—Whenever merchant vessels of the United States shall enter a port, the collector of customs shall, if he see fit, appoint custom-house officers to guard said vessels, who may live on board the ship or their own boats, at their convenience. The local authorities of the Chinese goverament shall cause to be apprehended all mutineers or deserters from on board the vessels of the United States in China on bə- ing informed by the consul, and will deliver them up to the consuls or other officers for punishment. And if criminals subjects of China, take refuge in the houses, or on board the vessels of citizens of the United States, they shall not be harboured or con- cealed, but shall be delivered up to justice on due requisition by the Chinese local officers, addressed to those of the United States. The merchants, seamen, and other citizens of the United States shall be under the superintendence of the appropriate officers of their government. If individuals of either nation commit acts of violence or disorder, use arms to the injury of others, or create disturbances endangering life, the officers of the two governments will exert themselves to enforce order and to maintain' the public peace, by doing impartial justice in the premises.
Art. XIX.—Whenever a merchant vessel belonging to the United States shall cast anchor in either of the said ports, the supercargo, master, or consignee, shall, within forty-eight hours, deposit the ship's papers in the hands of the consul or per- son charged with his functions, who shall cause to be communicated to the superin- tendent of customs a true report of the name and tonnage of such vessel, the number of her crew, and the nature of her crew, and the nature of her cargo, which being done, he shall give a permit for her discharge: And the master, supercargo, or consignee, if he proceed to discharge the cargo without such permit, shall incur a fine of five hundred dollars, and the goods so discharged without permit, shall be subject to forfeiture to the Chinese government. But if a master of any vessel in port desire to discharge a part only of the cargo, it shall be lawful for him to do so, paying duty on such part only, and to proceed with the remainder to any other ports. Or if the master so desire, he may, within forty-eight hours after the arrival of the vessel, but not later, decide to depart without breaking bulk; in which case he shall not be sub- ject to pay tonnage, or other duties or charges until, on his arrival at another port he shall proceed to discharge, when he shall pay the duties on vessel and cargo, accord- ing to law. And the tonnage duties shall be held due after the expiration of the said forty-eight hours. In case of the absence of the consul or person charged with his functions, the captain or supercargo of the vessel may have recourse to the consul of a friendly power; or, if he please, directly to the superintendent of customs, who shall do all that is required to conduct the ship's business.
Art. XX. The superintendent of customs, in order to the collection of the pro-
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