223
Examination of Four Chinese Characters.
Of the word in," &c.
IV.
APRIL,
yu, commonly, a, ab, ad, in, etc., “ by, from, to,
The word Ayu denotes the accusative case as often as
it is subjoined to an active verb that is separated from its direct complement by the intervention of one or more words, especially
when the latter are in the genitive; e. g. Mencius, Book I. page 125, line 12.
A
盡 tsin
於 yu
λ jin
心sin
exhaurire
um
hominis
That is, "to exhaust the heart of a man."
assents.
anim-
The Tartar version
Another example. Mencius, Book II. page 21, line 12.
B
ek keae
mutare
於 yu
em
That is, "to change his disposition."
§V. But when the verbs
#ke 德 tih
ejus
indol-
The Tartar version assents.
tsin and keae are not separat-
ed from their direct complements by the interposition of one or more
words, Mencius omits the word
yu; e. g. Mencius, Book I, page
16, line 6.
A
kwa
▲ jin
盡 tsin
心sin
exiguus
vir
exhaurio
animum.
That is, "I, the man of little virtue, exhaust my heart (in reliev-
ing the people).”
Another example.
B
wang
rex.
Mencius, Book I. page 136, line 2.
shoo Like
幾 改 keae
forsitan
mutabit
That is, rex forsitan illud animi consilium mutabit. jesty perhaps will change that purpose of the mind."
之 che
illud.
"Your ma-
VI. Still however instances occur, but they are rare, where yu, the mark of the accusative is prefixed to the direct complement following an active verb. But since in examples altogether similar, sometimes in the same passage, Mencius at one time uses the word Ayu, and at another omits it without at all changing the sense, is plainly redundant in all cases when it is placed before the direct
it
complement following an active verb. Mencius, Book II. page 19,
line 2.
A
yue gaudio-afficere
於 yu
親 tsin
105
You
That is, gaudio-officere (Tous) youtas, vel patentes, "to make glad one's parents." The Tartar version assents.