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established. Although the above result may be obtained by the treatment, it is necessary that the horse should be kept under observation subsequently for a considerable period during which a temperature chart should be kept, and periodic examinations of the blood made when the temperature rises above the normal maxi- mum, since recurrences of the organism in the circulation are possible.
Horse B has fallen off in condition to what he was before being experimented on, and during the last few days his afternoon temperature has a rise of 3 or 4 points above the normal maximum. As to what the fate of the animal would be in the course of time, if left alone, without any further injections of perchloride of mercury, which I intend to carry out, is an uncertainty.
A further series of experiments on some horses infected with the disease by means of methylene blue alone and perchloride of mercury alone, and then on others by methylene blue followed by perchloride of mercury would be desirable, so as to ascertain the specific action of each of these agents on the separate phases of the organism.
Dog E-(See Charts 10, 11 A, and 11 B.)
18th November.-Blood examined; no trypanosomes found.
19th November.-Inoculated with 10 c.c. of blood from Horse B-of this 5 c.c. subcutaneously into the flank and 5 c.c. subcutaneously in the neck.
24th November.-Temperature rose to 103 4° F.; the blood, on examination, gave a negative result.
28th November.-Temperature 102° F. Abscess formed in the neck at seat of injection.
29th November.-Temperature 1026° F. Abscess in the neck lanced. 10th December.-Temperature 103.6° F., but blood examination gave a negative result.
16th December.-Temperature 103° F., but blood examination gave a negative result:
21st December.-Temperature 103 6° F., but blood still showed absence of trypanosomes.
Finally on 30th December the blood was again examined, but with a negative result. The dog at present is in good condition, and seems to be in good health; the temperature, although not running a regular course, does not rise above the normal maximum. The animal is still being kept under observation.
Calf A-Poor in condition. (See Charts Nos. 13 and 14.)
27th September.-Blood examined, no trypanosomes found. Inoculated with
5 c.c. of blood from Dog A. Afternoon temperature steadily rose daily.
3rd October.-Temperature 105° F. Trypanosomes present in the blood.
6th October.-Treatment begun.
15th October.-Treatment ended.
16th October.-Temperature 103° F. Blood examined, but no trypanosomes found.
22nd October.-Blood examined, but result negative.
25th October.-Temperature 105° F., but blood examination gave a negative result.
After the 22nd the chart will show the great fluctuations in the morning and evening temperatures which continued until death.
4th November. The calf died, and the blood, on examination immediately after death, showed no trypanosomes.
On the 29th October Dog D was inoculated with 5 c.c. of blood from this calf, when the blood after three examinations gave negative results, but the temperature continued high. This dog, as will be seen from the next case described, developed the disease and died.
Thus it may be concluded that either (a) the treatment caused the organism to pass into phase B of its life cycle, or (b) the organisms existed in the peripheral circulation, but owing to their paucity were not detected in the three blood examina- tions made during the life of the animal. If, however, the former was the case, then likely that phase B of the life cycle may not only occur in some unknown internal organ, but may also occur in the peripheral blood stream, either primarily or second- arily, by being liberated into the blood stream from the organs where it survives in the form of phase B. It is, however, most probable that, owing to the fewness of the organisms in the blood stream, examinations failed to detect them.
it
Dog D. (See Charts 15 and 16.)
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29th October.-Blood examined; no trypanosomes found. Inoculated with 5 c.c. of blood from Calf A
10th November.-Temperature 106 2 F., and examination of blood showed the presence of trypanosomes.
On 15th and 17th November trypanosomes were found present in the blood. On 22nd November the dog died.
No treatment was administered to this dog.
Calf B.-In good condition. (See Charts Nos. 17 and 18.)
1st November.-Blood examined; no trypanosomes found.
8th November.-Blood examination gave negative results.
5 c.c. blood from Horse B.
Inoculated with
18th November.-A great many trypanosomes found in the blood. 19th November.-Treatment begun.
23rd November.-Blood examined; result positive.
28th November.-Tenth day of treatment.
30th November.-Two days after cessation of treatment the examination of the blood gave a negative result, and at this stage 8 c.c. of blood were inoculated into Calf D, which subsequently developed the disease.
5th December.-Another blood examination gave a negative result.
10th December-Blood examination again showed the presence of trypanosomes. 30th December. The blood again gave a positive result.
During the last three weeks the calf fell off very considerably in condition and broke out with a papular eruption, which scaled off, leaving a surface denuded of hair. This resuit was also seen in case of Calf A.
On 1st January, 1908, Calf B. died.
Remark. In this case it will also be seen that at a time when the blood on examination showed absence of trypanosomes, yet the inoculation of 8 c.c. blood duced the disease.
repro-
Calf E.-In good condition. (See Charts Nos. 19-A and 19-B.) 30th November.-Blood examination showed no trypanosomes. Inoculated with 8c.c. blood from a black Government ox suffering naturally from the disease.
7th December.-Temperature 104 4° F.
Blood examinations showed the pres-
ence of trypanosomes.
12th December.-Blood examination; result positive. Treatment begun. 21st December.-Tenth and last day of treatment. 30th December.-The blood was examined, but trypanosomes were still present The animal is falling off in condition
and the temperature continues to run high.
greatly, and the future outlook is unfavourable.
Black Government Ox No. 1.-In good condition, but when seen by me quite unable to rise. A case of natural infection.
26th October.-Blood examination and trypanosomes found. Treatment begun
and 18 c.c. of the mixture injected into the jugular vein.
1st November. The animal died five days after treatment was begun. chart was kept of this case.
No
Black Government Ox No. 2.-(See Chart No. 21.) This was also a case of 'natural infection. It was brought for treatment when found incapable of work. it could, however, stand and walk.
22nd November.-Blood examined; result positive.
25th November.-Blood examined; result positive. Treatment begun. 30th November.-Blood examined, but no trypanosomes seen.
At this stage
8 c.c. of blood were inoculated into Calf E, which developed the disease.
4th December.-Tenth and last day of treatment.
After the 1st The animal died on
5th December.-Blood examination gave a positive result. December the daily fluctuations in temperature were extreme. the 9th December.
Remark. In this case also when the blood gave a negative result on examination and 8 c.c. were inoculated into Calf E, the disease was reproduced.
10. Brief Summary of Results-Two Dogs Aand B-In both these treatment was attempted subcutaneously, but it proved a failure. Both dogs died.
In Two Horses.-Both infected by inoculation. result of treatment was a failure.
In Horse A, poor in condition, Animal succumbed.
In Horse B, in good condition, treatment resulted in partial success. remarks on the case, page 48.) Animal still under observation and experiment.
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