Friday,
HONGKONG. TELEGRAPH
January
19, 1940...
#
GOOD USED CARS
PEACE
TSONS WATERS
PURE DELICIOUS WHOLESOME
The following Are Available
And Ready To Drive Away...... Ilman Minx Saloon-1930 Model
(0,014 miles) ...... (Sold) $2,800 Hilman Minx Saloon-1938 Model.
(14,003 miles)
$2,400
Chryster Hondster-1936 Model
(14,023 miles)
$2,000
Ford 10 Saloon-1939 Model
(4,000 miles) .....(Sold) $2,350
. All The Above Cars Carry The.
Itongkong ITotal Garage Guarantee & Service
also
Hillman Hinx-1935 Model
(a good serviceable car)
51,200
Inspection and Trial Invited
HONGKONG HOTEL
GARAGE
HEAR
BOTH SIDES
OF YOUR WIRELESS SET
BY ATTACHING. THE WONDERFUL
ALL ELECTRIC
GARRARD"
RECORD
PLAYER
THERE'S A SIDE TO YOUR RADIO RECEIVER TO WHICH YOU'VE PROBABLY NEVER GIVEN A THOUGHT THE BACK! YET THROUGH IT YOU CAN EASILY DOUBLE YOUR ENJOYMENT. JUST PLUG IN AND YOUR SET IS AT ONCE CONVERTED INTO AN ARMCHAIR
RADIOGRAM?
CONTROLLED
: HEAR YOUR FAVOURITE RECORDS PLAYED WITH ALL THE ADVANTAGES OF MODERN ELECTRICAL REPRODUCTION
AUTOMATIC and NON-AUTOMATIC MODELS in STOCK
From $65.00
SOLE AGENTS
S. MOUTRIE &
York Building
CO.,
Come and see
LTD.
Chater Road.
The 1940 ALL-BRITISH
Ensign
HOME SERIJERU
CINE
Projector
FOR BOTH 8 MM AND 16 MM COMPLETE IN CARRYING CASE
also
16mm Cine Camera Single & Turret Models with Dallmayer F.2.9
or F.1.5 lonses and leather case complete
On display at
DENIS H. HAZELL & CO.
Marina House,
First Floor.
Tel. 28439,
THE HONG KONG SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN
The Society asks for
$35,000
in 1040 to meet the increasing needs of sick and destituto children in Hong Kong. A copy of the Annual Report for 1930 may be obtained from:
Mr. A. McKILLAB, C.A.
c/o Mackinnon Mackenzie & Co.,
P. & O. Building
Mr. HWOK CHAN, A
c/o The Banque de L'Indo-Chine,
- Hong Kope
Hor, Treasurers:
Stubbs Hond
The
"Phones 27778-0.
Hongkong Telegraph.
Friday, January 19, 1940.
Wyndham St., Hongkong
Telephone: 20015
THE prefix "Special to the Telegraph" Sued by the Hongkong Telegraph" to indicale news which is strictly copyright under the provisions of the Telecommuni- cations ardSTANCE, 1936. Buch new as beore the indication "U" is received in Jongkong on the date of publication by the United Press Associatları, who re- servo sil rights and forkid republication, either wholly or in part without previous arrangement,
Mass Attacks By Air
SO far the results of German attacks by air have been very favourable to the defence. Noth- ing would please 'us more than if the enemy continued those piece- méal operations. But that is not to be thought of for a mo- ment, Sooner or later mass at- tacks will be made, and then for the first time the world will learn what lessons are to he got from air fighting on a large scale be- tween two well-equipped forces. Neither Spain nor Poland offered the means of judging.
As even a layman will under- stand, in an attack in mass some machines are bound to get through, but their chances of getting back may be very slen- der.
The difficulties of organising a mass operation are much greater
than the inexpert may think. An aeronautical correspondent points to problems which only experience and costly experi- ence can solve. There is, he says, the question of whether to approach the objective. as one large formation or to converge on it from different directions. If the former plan is adopted there must be a place of rendez- vous which may entail waste of time and petrol, and probably in poor visibility. Moreover, Buch a large formation would spread over such a wide area that con- centrated fire on attacking figh- ters would be difficult or even impossible, whereas the fighters I would be able to attack the out- lying enemy plancs in advan tageous circumstances,
Other plans have their own problems, but the opinion of this aeronautical specialist is' that the method most likely to be employed will be to converge upon the objective in a largo number of smaller formations.
Men cannot get along without a religion. If one. is abandoned an- other is adopted. The spirit of man craves a friendly God, and you give him economics. Ilè aiks for immor=" tality, and you say, "Be content, here is beer and bacon."--W. MACNEILE DIXON.
W
POLA
CZECHO- SLOVAKIA
JEWISH PROBLEM
OVERLOADED
AUSTRIA
Labour's Peace
HAT should be the principles of a peace settlement?
The first principle is that there should be no dictated peace. We have no desire to humiliate, to crush or to divide the German nation. There must be restitution made to the victims of aggression, but all ideas of revenge and punishment must be excluded.
If peace is to be lasting it must result from the agreement of all, not from the dictation of few nations. The fallure of the treaties at the end of the last war to bring abiding peace was largely due to the neglect of this prin- cipic.
But if we desire to build a new world its foundations must be lald not only by the large and strong, but by the small and less power- ful. It is the function of law to prevent the strong abusing his strength at the expense of the weak. The smaller nations, just because they are not aggressive, bring to the councils
of the nations a most valuable element.
The second principle necessarily follows. It is the recognition of the right of all nations, great or small, of whatever colour or creed, to live and to develop their own characteristic civilisation, provided that they do not thereby infringe the rights of others.
The German, relinquishing his conception of the primacy of the German race, must re- cogulse that the Pale and the Czech and the Jew have as much right as he, no more and no less, to a place in the world and to a share in the bounty of Nature.
.
Equally-the-Briton-must-recogniso-that- the same. Is true of the African or any other Inhabitant of the British Empire. The Ger- man mist. concede to the Austrian the right to decide his own future. The Briton must equally concede the same right to the Indian.
No Force
use of
Thirdly, there must be a complete aban- donment of aggression and of the amed force as an instrument of pulley, War Lust be outlawed and the rule of law acerpted. Where disputes cannot be amicably settien by negotiation, they must be submitted the decision of disinterested arbitrators and their decisiun accepted.
Fourthly, there must be recognition of the rights er national, racial and religious minori- ties. While as far as possible every State hould be left free to manage its internal affairs, there is a common interest in the pre- vention of appression, and in the recognition of the rights of individuals,
ere are racial minorities in any Where there are State, there must be some effective authority by an international body over the sovereign rights of the Individual State.
Filthly, there must be acceptance of the principle that international anarchy is in- compatible with peace, and that in the com- mon interest there must be recognition of an International authority superior to the Indi- vidual sales and endowed not only with rights over them, but with power to make effective, operating not only in the poll- tical, but in the economic sphere. Europe rnust federate or perish.
Sixthly, there must be abandonment of Imperialism and acceptance of the principle that in the government of colonies and de- pendencies where self-government cannot yet be conceded, the interests of the natives must be paramount, and that thero must be equal access for all nations to markets and raw materials,
We Have Learned-
This can best be achieved by an extended and strengthened mandate system. under international authority. ·We hold that the rodistribution of colonial territories botween rival imperialisma is no solution, for woda not admit that any nation has the right to hold others in subjection.
Will bo seen that the acceptance of those will involve the creations of inter- machinery in order to make them effective. If aggression is to cease, there must be some force by which the aggressor can bo compelled is the last resort to dealet.
The experience of the last twenty years. дая shown that to entrust the duty of antots- ing the rule of law to individual States, operating with their own armed forces, has proved unworkable,
There mat instead be an International overwhelming force, possessed, of such
Aims
by The Rt. Hon.
C.R. Attlee, M.P.
The following Principles of Peace
were laid down by Mr. Attlee in an important speech at the Cuxton Hall, London, recently. The full speech, which includes a comprehensive analysis of the events leading up to the war, is to be published as a
pamphlet.
strength that no would-be aggressor would dare to challenge it.
For many reasons an international alt force is the most appropriate instrument.
In addition, every State must accept the obligation-of-bringing-against-any-disturber- of the peace the power of economic sanctions. As a natural corollary of the establishment of an international force, there must be a drastic reduction of all national forces to the amount necessary for the preservation of internal order.
Such armed forces as remain in the hands of individual States must be subjected to International inspection. Private manufac- ture and trade in armaments must be abolished.
The existence of an international force necessarily implies an international authority to control it.
It would be unwise to attempt to sat out in detall the exact nature of such an authority or do more than specify the principles on which it should be established,
Fair for All
There are broadly two ways in which such an authority might be constituted. It might ie autocratic or democratic. In the former case, a small number of great Powers might dominate and enforce their will on the In the latter, all States would remainder. share in decisions.
world or a Europe under the orders of four or five big States would not be free. It might merely be an imperialism in commis- Alort. We, as believers in democracy, hold that the small nations which have formerly con- tributed, and still do to-day, so much of value to the world, should take their full share in
an international Authority,
I have already indicated some of the duties which an international authority would have to perform. It should deal with the dimcult frontier problems which are the ostenalble cause of the present war.
The
settlement of these questions is some- times in
of those who speak of peace the mind terma,
in fact, the solution of these prob- lems depends on the adoption of the prins. elpies which I have already laid down.
But
Many frontier problems are due to boun- daries having been drawn in conformity with strategic considerations which will have no relevance in a world from which war has been banished.
Many errors have been made because of the exclusive nationalism which demands a 'coincidence of economic and political fron- tiers. Minority questiona are rendered more difcalt of solution owing to an exaggerated conception of the need for uniformity in a Etate, again due largely to military con- siderations,
Room to Live
It would be a mistake to try to redraw the map of Europe as part of the proposals for a poaco settlement. It is right to affirms that....... Austrians, Czechs, Poles and Germans" are nations with the right to room to lire, but is
would be premature to consider exact boun- darica until principles have been accepted.
Adjustments of boundaries, and even, where necessary, and practicable, just and be peaceful transfers of population, could effected through the international authority.
In some instances there might have to be provision for a measure of local autonomy. The Jewish problem, which concerns so many States, can only be settled by an international authority.
It would be equally premature to lay down as part of the conditions of peace whether the new international authority should in the first place bo confined to Europa or whether It should embrace other Ccrtinents. That on how widely these principles
must
rond. tough clearly it ought to be
built on the widest foundations.
No less
war
dangerous than the political is the economie anarchy of the world. When the
ends,
there will be widespread economic dlalocation, and great poverty, while the dras- tie reduction of armaments which we envisage will release act immense industrial capacity which will be wasted unless steps are taken to divert it into a channel where it will be of service to mankind.
Bold economic planning on a world scale will be an imperative necessity to meet the post-war situation, and to avoid in the future: recurrent economic crises.
Social Justice
International institutions for this purpose must be created. It is of at least equal im-. portance that the scope and authority of the InternationalTMLabour""Omce should be on --~~~-~~
larged.
It should be given the task of preparing International minimum standards of wares. hours and industrial conditions, in order that, by increased production, by a more just dis- tribution and by the wealth released from expenditure upon arms, the standard of liv ing of
of the workers shall everywhere be raised. For peace depends on social justice within States, no less than on political justice between Stutes.
It may be urged that the principles which I have laid down are too far-reaching and that the whole scheme is chimerieni, idealistic and beyond the bounds of practical politics.
It
may be urged that it will be dideult to gain acceptance for
such a Avast change
and that it would be wiser to seek a more modest objective. The answer to this is that zemedies are conditioned by the gravity of the disenses which they are designed to cure. If we want a peaceful world we must be prepared to face the great changes which must be involved.
We
Wo
believe that these principles can be accepted by all peoples and can form the basis of a just and enduring peace,
We do reck no. favoured position. not demand from others what we are not prepared to concede ourselves. We appeal for support to these principles first of all to our own people, to all of those who, whether or not they belong to the Labour Party, share our
our desire for peace. faith in democracy
We ask them to consider whether or not.in. their opinion these principles meet the needs of this country and of the world. We'appeni to the people of all countries whe equally long for peace and we appeal especially to the people of Germany, in whose hands iles the decision whether or not millions of men, women and children hre to suffer death,
Germany's Choice
Herr Hitler has started this war, but he can only continue it if the German people continue to support him.. The fact that he is. the leader of the German people does not relleva them of their responsiblitica.to ane
to another and
the
world. Peace is obtainable now, provided that there 19 an abandonment of aggression and a recognition of the rights of all nations and, of all people. We do not seek the destructiori or the diamemberment of Germany. We wish no ill to the German people. We are ready to welcome them into the family of nations.
which are no We declare our principles, whi different from those which we proclaimed at the time when Germany was prostrate after the last war. We stand by our principles, zist because of any weakness, but because of our confidence in the victory of our cause. T
Wo are ready whenever we are called tuoni. to take responsibility for the government, an the country, to do our utmost to get principles accepted and put into snedk
s