6
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, TUESDAY, AUGUST 22, 1939.
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The Mastersingers of Nuremberg (Wagner)
Complete recording of Act 3 with an ideal cast. Including:- Chorus of the Dresden State Opera, the Saxon State Orchestra
Album Series No. 329 Concerto No. 2 in F minor (Chopin} John Barbirolli's Orchestra Symphony No. 86 in D Major (Haydn). London Symphony Orch. The Hundred Kisses (D'elanger)
......Alfred Cortot with:- Album No. 330
Ballet Suite
London Philharmonic Orchestra Conducted By-Antal Dorati The Dancing Years-(Ivor Novello's Latest Drury Lane Success) With:--Mary Ellis-Ivor Novello-Olive Gilbert and Roma Beaumont Rondo from "Haffner" Serenade (Mozart) Ballade No. 3 in A Flat Major (Chopin)
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HONGKONG HOTEL GARAGE
Stubbs Rd.
The
Tel. 27778-9
Hongkong. Telegraph.
Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615
August 22, 1939
Commondable Sense
Of Perspective
....... Fritz KreislerTHAT the situation on the Benno Moiseiwitsch) border is disturbing nobody will deny. We ourselves, follow- ing a well-established policy of giving the public vital and im- peccable data, have published during the past week factual reports from the frontier which could not but help give serious food for thought. Happily the Hongkong public is not given to startling emotional reactions to events of this nature, and this excellent sense of perspective must be of considerable encouragement to the Colony's |
authorities.
Sean Culbertson
& Frith
Investment Bankers and Brokers
Members of New York Cotton Exchange
Chicago Board of Trade
Winnipeg Grain Exchange
Commodity Exchange, Inc., New York Canadian Commodity Exchange, Inc., Montreal New York Coffee and Sugar Exchange
Manila Stock Exchange
Hongkong Sharobrokers Association
Shanghai Stock Exchange
SHANGHAI, HONGKONG, MANILA AND SINGAPORE Cable Address: Swanstock
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During SUNDAY 1 p.m. to 2.30 p.m.
Tiffins
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BY COMMANDER RUSSELL GRENFELL (Author of authoritative books on naval strategy and warfare)
CONOMIC blockade is one of the most important ways in which naval power is manifested.
Not that it is confined to navies, na is sometimes stated. Quite the contrary.
An army spread out along an enemy's frontier can, and does, exercise n far more complete blockade over that frontier than is possible at sea, where it is very dincult to prevent an occasional cargo slipping through.
What makes the naval blockade 80 Important is the large volume of International trade that is car- ried by ships.
The crippling effect of the Bri- tish naval blockade of Germany in the inst war is well-known. A pro- gressive shortage of food gradually demoralised the German people, especially the civil population, who bore the brunt of it.
THE German war effort was also gravely hamp- ered by the Increasing scarcity of many essential com- modities, such as copper, nickel. cotton, rubber; in spite of the melling down of church bells, door handles, and stair rods, the re- placement of the nickel coinage by from, and the removal of rubber from blcycle tyres, billard tables, and even babies' bottles.
The Germans, of course, did their best to return the compll- ment, chiefly by means of their submarines. For a time they
made things very unpleasant for us, but in the end we managed to defeat their submarine campaign;; and thus ensured the maintenance of our own supplies.
We did so by a Variety of nieasures.
among which food rationing, the intensive construc- tion of merchant ships, and offen- sive action against the enemy submarines by destroyers, sloops, trawlers, drifters, submarines, decoy chips, and motor-boats, with the aid of alrships, aeroplanes and even sea lions and seagulls, all played a part.
THE most important counteraction of all was the introduction of convoy. enabling merchant shipping to be more easily pro- tected and hostile submarines more effectively attacked, only we had taken steps to or- ganise a convoy system earlier in the war, we should not have suffered so close a slave...
Thus there was blockade, and successful blockade, of Germany by us; and counter-blockade, though ultimately unsuccessful, of us by Germany. How would we stand in these matters now, if war with Germany were again to come?
On the offensive side, our naval control of seaborne commerce destined for Germany, remarkably effective last time, should be ren- dered even tighter by the great scouting "facilities which modern aircraft can provide.
On the political side, however, the extensive substitution of oil for
Neither is there any reason to believe that the public is luring itself into any false sense of security by this display of equanimity. While it is gener- ally recognised that the activi- ties on the other side of the; border are discomforting, it is also believed that they hold out no immediate threat to Hong- kong. It is obvious, with com-
Hongkong is threatened with aj munication between Hongkong
blockade by the sea, as was the and the Chinese hinterland more
story current in the Colony or less completely cut off, that
yesterday. It is also of momentį in certain respects the Colony
to point out that the alleged | must be affected. There is
statement by a Japanese spokes- already being experienced 1
man in Canton hinting Japanese shortage of certain vegetables, though fortunately of only a very received no
reprisals against Hongkong has
small variety, but even this
Tokyo. position, it is felt, is not likely to remain permanent. While Government is not likely to the Government has made
no deny the potential dangers of the¦ official statement on the border present international situation situation, it is felt to be quietly as reflected in European and Far confident that Hongkong's posi- Eastern events, but it is display- tion will remain virtually un-ing an exemplary attitude in affected.
|keeping with the local position.
-
affirmation from
In these times of duress-the It is an attitude which we feel effects of which are visible the sure the public will accept and world over-speculations are embrace, realising that come rife, and rumour a lying jade what may, the authorities have which should be eschewed at all everything fully in hand, and
THE HONGKONG & SHANGHAI HOTELS, LTD. costs. Thus it is well to pro- that the impairment of Hong-
nounce here and now that there kong's integrity will never be is not the slightest evidence that permitted.
coal as a inarine fuel, will have lessened our power to exercise the bunker control which proved so valuable in 1014-18,
On balance, however, I estimate that our ability to intercept sup- piles for Germany will be as effl- cacious as before, while the ex- perience we gained on the last occasion should enable us to apply the economic pressure much more quickly.
Whether Germany is as much subject to the effects of that pre- sure is another matter. The British naval blockade of the last war stamped its imprint deep on German minds; and of late years Germany's whole economy has been refashioned to reduce her dependence on over-acas supplies.
It would be idle to deny that she has been largely successful in doing so. In particular, her pro- portion of home-grown food much higher than in 1014.
13
Yet there are certain commodi- Ules, among which are rubber, cot- Lon. hemp, wool, and vegetable olls, for which she is largely de- pendent on overseas shipments, though storage has probably been arranged in those cases.
The petroleum attuation is un certain. Coal distillation and the use of producer gas have reduced Germany's oversens requirements, and access to Rumanin ollfields would reduce them stil more.
IT is
very doubtful, however, whether the enormous quantles of petrol and other liquid fuel she would require in war could all be obtained from European sources.
Germany has undoubtedly im- proved her economic strategical position, and could therefore inst out longer against a hostile blockade. But, given time, it would bring her down as surely as before.
It is important to note, more- over, that Germany's partner, Italy, is extremely vulnerable to naval blockade. No less than 80 per cent. of her supplies are brought In by sea, 70 per cent. coming through either the Straits of Gib- raltar or the Suez Canal. Italy could therefore be subjected im- mediately to very severe economic pressure, which must take effect in a comparatively short time,
Then we come to the defensive side of the case. If Germany has rendered herself less susceptible to naval blockade, does the same ap- ply to us? So far as blockade is carried out by naval vessels, the answer is that we, too, are more immune.
cama
THE chief menace in the Late war
from the submarine. Since then, we have perfected an echo- detecting device which overcomes our chief previous difficulty in dealing with underwater vessels; namely, the lack of knowledge of their position when submerged.
We can now locate a submarine that we cannot see, and are there- fore in a position to deal effectively with it. Bca-borne commerce, how- ever, can now be attacked by
aircraft as well as ships; and our position in regard to erlat blockade is much more ques- tionable. There is a clear possi- bility that the air threat against our sea communications may be very serious,
ΠΕΣΟ
For instance, if alf attack can either smash up the London Docks or bring the work there to n standstill, the effect will be the same as it an impenetrablo naval blockada
line
stretched across the mouth of the Thames.
Our obvious counter to this nd- verse contingency in to take our shipping away from the Channel and the North Sea and bring it in to the western ports at Plymouth, Falmouth, Milford, Avonmouth, Cardiff, Liverpool and the Clyde.
But even the western ports are not outside bombing range, and no one can yet tell for certain to what extent air attack could inter- fere with the safe arrival of our vital supplies.
1
THIS feeling of uncer- tainty, amplified as 13 by the :now- ledge that the volume of our shipping has seriously declined since 1910, is at the root of the current demanda for storage, de- mands which reach as high as a year's supply.
The objection to storage on ans extensive scale is that it costs s much. I calculate that it would come to 24,000,000 a year to lay up a year's basic food supply. This In a lot of money, and there would be the danger of the food going bad, being eaten by rats, or other- wise contaminated.
Over and above this, it seems preferable to put any available money into more aircraft or anti- aircraft guns, with a view to en- suring that enemy aircraft do not come to homb the ports and mer. chant shipping, or that they get shot down if they do. The Anan- clal equivalent to a year's storage would be about 500 first-line air- craft.
Naval history shows that, in 60: warfare, the only sure way of de- feating a hostile blockade is to outfight the blockaders, not to out- provision them. It will be surpri ing if the same principle is not found to hold good in the air.
PIED PIPER
UP-TO-DATE
HE
wears no yellow and red tunte and carries no magic flute, but the twinkle in his eyes would put Hamelin's piper to shame. Although the rats are indifferent to his appeal, the children find him irresistible, and the news of his arrival flashes from une to another.
Soon a little regiment is at his heels and, sure in the knowledge of his conquering power, he Bwagers ahead, a limp snck slung over his shoulder and large, well-worn sultease in his hand. His band of admirers are eager for him to stop, but he selects his stance unhurried- ly.
At last he flings the sack to the ground, opens the ease and drawn a trumpet. from its depths. This is the moment his audience have been waiting for, and eyes and mouths widen os he raises the trumpet to his lips. Three blasts erho through the neigh- bourhood, and an avalanche of children pour from the houses and struggle for a foremost posl- tion.
When the excitement has reached ila topmost pitch he dramatically pull off the covering of the suit- Cate and displays what to these childish eyes must be an amazing collection
of wonder. There are dall, engines, pistols, masks, drunt, boat, Indian head-dresses-a chaos of reds, greens, blues, and yellows.
Then lucky ona appeart. Traumphantly he hands over his offering of rugs, which are examined with nerve-racking deliberation. When, after an ago of suspense, enginn i taken from the case, the delighted youngster in mobbed by envious companions. Hags and more Tags ara crammed into the sack. A tle girl solemnly, prenonis 4. beer bottle, whlelt in eritically held to the sun and sniffed, before being accept- ed and deposited among the other contributions. This time
hatred doll changes hande,
Baxen-
Buaiores is over for the day. He ahuts his ent to a chords of re- proachful "Oh," gets the now bulging sack on his shoulder again. and passes through a reluctantly formed gangway. Iught to the end of the street the more persistent and hopeful stragglo in his wake.
He is soon out of sighte but if you laten very intently you may bear, in the distance, iree font trumpet calls.
J. M. S.
LESSONS OF
S
THE 'ROYAL'
BY JOHN SUSSEX.
PEAKING of the Royal Centenary Show held in Windsor Üreat Park
-that was a good show, that was.
Maybe it was not so good an affair as might have been- there was a good deal too much snobbery, at the top end of it. Landed gentry and their women- folk assumed agricultural roles for which many of them are not qualined. The
genuine article either got pushed well into the background or was exhibited as a bit of picturesque ́rusticity.
Yet in spito of what there was of this, the rural wealth of Britain is stil so great and so well preserved that the Bhaw itself was abundantly sup- plied with authentic material.
More could be made of it than was. The fact that it came as such a shock
GRIN AND BEAR IT
By Lichty
Tis het. V.R TAL DEMÁS KUNA PORTES
"I'm hardly ever bothered with lost balls— usually play
somebody else's.”.
to visitors, from overseas especially. to and such a high quality_of_farm livestock in the rings is proof of this
They never knew this country had so definite an sgricultural background,
And this country, only the size of the State of Illinois in the USA., still has it in most of the other breeda.
might be as well for all of us if agriculture was provided with a propa- - Kanda section in the afaces of the British Coune!!, the body chargód with making known this country's' attri- butes abroad.
More than 100,000 visitors to this centenary show have seen something of it for themselves. And millions more must have gathered na much from what was conveyed to them through the Press and over the radio. When this nation comes. really to make up its mind that it means to make more of lis farming potential- ties, it will find that it has an asset which can be doubled in volume and value within a decade.
Farmers in Britain will have no need to blent for subsidies when that fact is more positively linked up with the com- plementary fact of an industrial popu- lation, positively languishing for fresh foodstuffs on their very doorsteps.
Then there were the sections deaf- ing with various aspects of past and present rural life Itself. What kind of i countryside do we posters in which to nurture human rocial and mental satisfactions? The all-electric farm- stead was presented as a dream. The farm-worker's cottage was exhibited as a model. Both are attainable, and much else that they stand for. Yet for no substantial reasoris at all we sin do little to make them commonplace...
There were corners that were more encouraging. When urban schools take, to playing country music, weay- my jrum woo) and learning the name. of trees and birds, there cannot be much need to worry about putting rural bias into country-school curr). culums The drift is setting in the other way. Fit the villages and coun- try towns with civilized standards of amenities and we should soon fill up our empty spaces.
What about the young among the country people tițemselves? Was there anything wrong about the enthusiasm of those who took part in the catti Judging competitions? And were the dalrymalda who paited the butter and made the cream cheeses la the old- time farmhouse kitchen any less comely than those of whom tradition has bonated and toasted?
I couldn't imagine so. When a Uni- versity like Reading fills up as it dors with a type drawn from both sexes as keen on the forming life na over has been, then what is there to worry about?
If the "Royal" at Windsor had re- captured the spirit which caught up its predecessor at Ipswich a few years since. It would have been an unsurpaa- sable "centmary," "It just lacked the touch of the man straight from the plough. Titles are no substitute for
type
(en) wh