THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, MONDAY, MAY 80,
BRITAIN DRIVES FEVERISHLY AHEAD IN PREPARING HER
`·.
AIR RAID
(By Joseph J. Grigg, Jr.,) United Press Staff Correspondent
ahend
London.
Great Britain to-day is driving feverishly
air-raid defence plans to save London becoming second Madrid or Barcelona.
Recruiting for 1,000,000 volunteers for the countrywide air-rald precau tions organization-known generally 29 "A.R.P" is being carried on al must with war-time intensity. Lon-
on don alone has appealed for more than 100,000 volunteers ns ntr-raid war dens, fire-patrols, first-aid and de- contumination equade and repair gungo.
DEFENCES
rons, batteries of anti-aircraft guns radio appeal on March 14th for hundreds of miles of underground and searchlights, manned by 40,000 1,000,000 volunteers, are organized by and tube railways will be closed in territorial army troops, are stationed the local authorities throughout the the event of air-raids instead of be- In a great are from the River Hum- country with substantial financial ing used as shelters. The govern- bor, on the East Coast, to Southamp-assistance from tho government. ment plans to dig miles of deep ton, on the South Coast, to intercept Volunteers are being rapidly trenches in London's parks, which raiders from the Continent. London as air-raid wardens, first-ald parties, is claimed are safe from anything itself and other big cities are ringed ambulance drivers, Orst-aid post but a direct hit. Householders also with mobile anti-aircraft batteries to staffs, fire-brigade reserves, auxiliary will be encouraged to dig trenches in be rushed into action immediately on Are services, rescue parties, decon- their own backgardens. Although the outbreak of war. Along the tamination squads and report centre the authorities have decided that entire East and South Coasts trained staffs. Only men over 25 or 30 who mass evacuation of London probably volunteers are organized to man would not be drafted for immediate would not be feasible, people who Ilstening-posts for detecting the military service are being trained. are able to are being encouraged to approach of hostile aircraft,
Each air-raid warden will be res make arrangements to move into the Finally, the government is manu-ponsible for several hundred houses country at the outbreak of war. facturing hundreds of stationary bal-or families, for seeing they receive So for about 10,000 volun-loons which in war-time wil be gas-masks and for reporting air-raid teers have enlisted in London. In moored in a great circle around Lon-damage and casualties in his area. every other large city throughout the don with steel cables auspended from In the training of all these volunteers country similar air-raid preparations each balloon to form a protective particular attention is paid to the gas are being rushed forward.
"apron" or "barrage" through which menace. First-aid parties learn to Even during the World War, when enemy planes would find it difficult diagnose and treat different types of airplanes had
imited to penetrate. 1 relatively
gas-poisoning P particularly mustard- runge, London was ralded frequently
gns and phosgene-while decop- by German bombers based on the
tumination squads in heavy black Belgian coast. To-day, the British
oilskins and rubber boots are taught Government admits that Greater
to sluice off streets contaminated by mustard-gas.
Landon, with an area of 600 square- miles and population of 8,200,000, probably constitutes the world's most vulnerable target to air-ntinck,
ARP. PLANS
These preparations for active alr- raid defence have been underway for some time. To-day, however, the government is speeding up its passive defence plans to prepare the civilian population to resist an attempted
full-dress air-raid rehearsal aerial knock-out blow in the first few which this correspondent watched in weeks of war. Britain's war-chiefs
organization
Many large business houses already are making their own plans for pro- tecting their stuffs and training anti- gas squads, fire-fighters and first-aid parties. Some are constructing gas- proof and splinter-proof shelters on their premises.
expect this country Immediatelydington, which has developed its has placed contracts for construction
021
more than
The government already has com- pleted manufacturing 30,000,000 out of total of 40,000,000 gas-masks. These will be stored in special cen- tres until the outbreak of war, when they will be generally distributed. Elaborate plans also are being made for fire-fighting. The government
of 400 large emergency pumps and the outbreak of hostilities to be sub-most London boroughs, revealed, several thousand light pumps, which Britain's present air-raid protec-Jected to a devastating series of however, that London's air-raid pre- will be used independently of the tion plans are divided into two main raids, designed to break the popula-parations are still in пл embryo
regular fire brigades. Some high- categories: (1) Active anti-aircraft tion's murale and wreek communien- stage. Although the place where powered pumps will be mounted for defences. (2) Passive protection of tions. The R.A.F. is organized on cach "bomb" felt was known before.
use on boats or barges as emergency civilian populations during nir- the basis of two bomber-squndrone hand, a great deal of contusion en- fire floats. Large number of auxill- to every fighter-squadron with the sued before rescue-parties and decon-local authorities for munning these rnida.
ary Bremen are being recruited by to-day object of dealing similar lightning taminators got to work Stretcher- oumps,
bearers and decontaminators stum- bled over each other's feet and n Home Secretary Sir Samuel Hoare of time was spent erecting elaborate recently estimated that 3 single fences around "contaminated areas" modern bomber could carry 1,000 to before "casualties" were removed. 2,000 light Incendiary bombs which
TRENCHES IN LONDON PARKS
could be released in a few minutes In view of the danger from broken over big eltles, causing large num- water malna, gas moins and short.bers of fires simultaneously, United cirruited electricity enbles, London's 'Press.
The
Royal Air Force possesses about 500 first-line fighter- planes and scout-planes out of a total strength ol approximately first-line machines. If an unreveal- ed number of reserves and apares are Included, probably 1,000 to 1,200 fighters would be available on out- break of war,
Beside the R.A.F. fighter-sqund-
slabs at enemy cities.
10-WEEKS TEST
The belief expressed in high quar- ters here is that if Britain can endure the first ten weeks of ruthless air- warfare she will win the next war. The "passive" air-rald defences, for which Sir Samuel Hoar mude a
DOIHARA FIGHTS WITH HIS BACK TO YELLOW RIVER
Kaifeng, May 28.
The movements of General Doihara's Division are gradually becoming more restricted as the Chinese armies have now effected a junction and have tightened the ring around the Japanese. Between four and five thousand Japanese are huddled close together within a radius of twenty miles of Lanfeng, squeezed between the Yellow River and the Lunghai Railway. Two thousand are entrenched behind mud walls.
Thousands of Japanese in villages south of the Yellow River are desperately trying to get ammunition for their artillery pieces which have been silent for some time.
Changes In
Cabinet Seen
SOUTH PREPARES
As Confession FOR ATTACK
Of Weakness
London, May 28. The Japanese Cabinet reconstruc tion is featured in every newspaper
this morning, and the possibilities are
widely canvassed.
The Manchester Guardian says that
to go before they conquer Chíña but apparently they have already con-
Ing further information, are reticent,
the Japanese forces have a long way
quered Japan, Ometal circles, await- but are inclined to a favourable
view.
Close obscrvers of the Far East are of the opinion that the reconstruction is really
confession of weakness, indicating the Government's growing sense of the unpopularity of the China war, and the consequent need of strengthening its position vis-a-vis the Japanese publle by inclusion of Japanese popular and high-reputed men,
Nobody expects that the Cabinet changes will affect the Chinese at-
The Dolbara Division has been out to harass the ordered to defend its present posi- | Wangtu, Lincheng, Shavho trid tions at all costs until reinforcements llantan along the railway south of arrive from the west or from the Pooting-International, north bank of the River. Besides guerillas, two divisions of Chinese Jegulars are cracking down on less than a thousand Japanese оп the north bank.
th
The Chinese are smashing as against
positions Japanese In an attempt to wipe them out be fore reinforcements, ammunition and food can arrive.
cluding bearded troops-United Press.
JAPANESE ADMIT REVERSE
Peiping, May 20.
The Japanese admit a reverse at Lanfeng, stating that they withdrew
JAPANESE PUSHING WESTWARD
Tsaohsen, Shantung, May 29. Reinforced by large units of fresh troops, the Japanese at Tangshan on the Lunghal Hallway, 80 miles west along the railway line. of Hsuchow, are driving westward
titude in the least.
The universal opinion In ofcial circles and newspapers alike
that the loss of Hauchow, and even Han kow, will in no way
the Chinese résolve to prosecute the struggle unflinchingly,"
weaken
The Manchester Guardian thinks ut the result of the battle for Hsuchow
Following their Success Menghsien, Chinese guerillas closed
It is reported that Wellsien in south Hopel was also re-captured by
Sedan
China Must Hold Canton City
Hankow, May" 20. Japan's intentions In South China are cousing serious concern here. While there are a number of Chinese troops on the Fukien coast, the pro- vince is not strongly defended as the vital military belleve it is sector. Landing Japanese troops in Amoy did not come as a surprise as it had been expected for some time and it is considered possible they may follow this by occupying Foo- chow and Swatow.
not
If Japan starts large scale military operations in Fukien, Chinese believe she will do so for only one purpose to establish a base for operations against Canton. The Chinese are kely to send a large force to de- unlikely to
but will put up a fend Foochow
Sight for Canton.
stur
While China may, st be able to obtain milltary supplies from abroad through French
Indo-China, Burma
And
Sinklang, Japanese occupation of Cantón would practically destroy the only direct communication line with the outside world.
After an exhaustive study, Chlang: Kai-shek has worked out a compre- hensive defence plan for South China.
BORDER FORTRESS Meanwhile, Chinese reinforcements in on Tsinyang, 40 kilometres north-may well prove the deciding factor. Strong defence works, described as continue to pour into the area, in-west of Po Ai on the north bank of The Journal recalls that the tradi- almost impregnable, have been com- the Fuiclen-Kwangtung Mohammedan the Yellow River in north Honan, tional Japanese tactles are based on pleted on
and after a sharp encounter with the Cannae,
and Tannen- border properly trained and Japanese Garrison, re-took the town, burg, but says that, the Japanese plan well
Kwangtung troops will The defeated Japanese retreated in a las failed and Hsuchow has become defend their native province. Sev- north-easterly direction.
cral former commanders of the 10th famous in military history, if it is remembered at all, not as another Route Army Including Chlong Klang- Sedan but as the first triumph of anal, Tsai Ting-kal, Oong Chao-yuan to the north where they are now Chinese guerillas.-Central News. modern Chinese army In the open and Tong Chih-sin are now organis- fighting with their backs to the
field,
ing and training militiamen through- Yellow River. The Dolhara Divi- CHINESE ATTACK YUNCHENG
Consequently, those Japanese who out the province and, if necessary, ston, which is desperately striving to
advised caution Slan, May 29.
were deprived of Kwangsi, Yunnan, Hunan, Klongsi nvold annihilation, is being assisted
and Central Government troops will by Japanese aircraft which
Severe fighting is proceeding at their best argument. are Yuncheng The Chinese
There is now no likelihood of a be sent to Canton. mercilessly bombing the Chinese reached the Immediate suburbs and
Chinese collapse. The Japanese It was originally intended to place batteries und Infantry positions.
communications will now grow ever the Chinese army in South China The Japanese hopa that, following are attacking the city from all sides longer, with less hope of suecess, and under the command of Ho Ying- the fall of Kwellch, which they works outside the city gates, the
the chind them guerillas sprout like ching, Minister of War, but as his claimed this morning, reinforce Japanese are putting up stiff resis grass.--Reuter.
presence is badly needed Hankow, Garrison Commander of aerodrome In the m
Wuhan, is expected to be sent if hos- Dolhara outskirts has been the Reenc of
several bitter encounters.
pleted, the press ban on details of the tilities break out. If he goes Hauch The Japanese have called up an
retirement has been lifted.
Yueh may replace him. artillery unit from Chichslen, a town May 18 and a sandstorm in the after-
A heavy fog ort the morning of Many, Yunnan
Kwangtung south-west, which is heavily shelling noon saved Tang Eng-po's troops as
troops which arrived in Hankow from South China are reported to be the Chinese-Central News.
they protected the troop movements on the way back, with orders to be from the watchful eyes of Japanese prepared for iny emergency. aircraft. Tang and his men march- | ReutCY.
have
Taking cover under their defence
ments can be rushed westwards to tance. The relleve pressure оп the division-Reuter.
SUCCESSES ON NORTH BANK Hankow, May 20.
JAPANESE ADVANCE
· Chinese troops in the vicinity of Changyuan, on the north bank of tho Yellow River in north-east Honan, are moving down to attack
Lluna, Antwel, May 20, Fengelilu opposite. Kaifeng. The
ed in the direction of Koyong, north- Three columns of Japanese troops west Anhwol, south of Yungchen, Chinese claimed to have captured from Shnope, Tungtai and Yencheng four tanks and killed over Bitty are pushing northward presumably went with the Kwangsl troops com- Ll Tsung-jen and Pal Chung-hsi Japanese.
with Hwaiyin (Tringkiongpu) Huarlingcha, south-east of Feng- their objective. Chinese troops have from Tang'e forces after crossing the asmanded by Lino Lual who, separated chlu, has been captured by the Chi-been sent to check their advance. Tientsin-Pakow railway, headed fur- nese and the Japanese garrison at Central News, Fengchiu is practically isolated International.
KIANGSU BATTLE
1938.
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Cheung Chich, dar ben Coin Manko v 66 THE CANTERBURY PILGRIMS"
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Greyhounds Catch Jackrabbits
St. Thomas, Ont.
ther for the area south of Mengehen. Greyhounds are being used by Sun Lien-chung's troops, which hunters in this district to hunt Jack- fought a rearguard action at Hou- rabbits, and can eatch their proy MARCH ON HSINYANG
Hankow, May 20, chow, uro said to have withdrawn within a quarter of a mile under Extremely heavy fighting has through the Japanese lines via normal winter conditions, according Hankow, May 20. broken out in north Kiangsu where Histashsien, south-west of Hauchow. lo Dean Turville, local game warden. Having re-taken Menghsien on the Japanese are driving north-west Probably the heavlest Chinese the northi bank of the Yellow River in three columns from Shnopeh, on losses in the Hruchow withdrawal west of the Felping-Hankow Rall- the Grand Canal, Tungini and were suffered
baltie it was discovered that only by the Hunan. and way, Chinese forces to-day advanced Yenchen, or. tho const north of Henan troops commanded by Tang Lour regimental commanders survived northward to attack Hsinyang
Nantungchow.
Tao-yuan and Shan Cheng. Tang in one division-Reuter. -Chinoso guerilla forces withdrew The purpose of the push is np was severely wounded and, his chief
· JAPANESE ENCIRCLED from Paoting on the night of Mayparently to clear north Kiangsu of of staff and deputy divisional com→ 27 and conilnued 10 horose the Chinese troops who were ordered to | mander killed when their troops met
Hankow, May 20. Japanese outposts. Heavy Japanese remain after the withdrawal from the main body of Japanese at Japanese holding out in three vil- reinforcements have taken up poal- suchow for mobile warfare behindTawangcliwang, on the Grand Canal. logen north-west of Lanfeng, namely tions in Paoling, which is a key point the Japanese lines.
Shan Chong'a troops
were bailly Sonylchal, Chuhsints and Lowan-
in communication with north Honan. With the withdrawal of Chinese battered at Isinohsien where they can, have been completely surround-
Chinese Irregulars are spreading from the Ifsuchow arch now. com- offered stout resistance. After the ed-Reuter.
in
the
UNIVERSITY GREAT HALL
on
Tuesday, 31st May, 1938, at 9.30 p.m.
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