1938-05-30 — Page 6

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THE HONGKONG TE LEGRAPH, MONDAY MAY 30, 19 38.

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No 5.30

Bowers 14.51. Prest

The

Hongkong Telegraph.

MONDAY, MAY 30, 1938.

JAPAN WANTS FRIENDSHIP WITH CHINA

by

mur-

If the events at Canton uf FATE Saturday and Sunday are indication of the trend of Japan- ese policy under the reorganised Cabinet, it is a sorry day for the non-combatant. Al- Chinese though there

were military objectives and the Bocca Tigris forts within reach, the Japanese air raiders preferred to launch their bombs upon a city which, while not wholly defenceless, is nevertheless su vulnerable to air attack as to make such excur- sions nothing short of

The only construction derous. that can be put upon such ruth- lessness is that Japan, finding the Chinese people still with spirit enough to resist the will of the invader, intends to crush the morale of the masses by a system of butchery. In address- ing the militarist it is of very little use to argue upon moral He sees a city as a grounds. military objective because it is enemy a source of supply for armies and because out of its homes may come recruits for the divisions which have to be met

in the field. To point out, there-

SIR

FARQUHAR BUZZARD explains

Why The

T

The State Must

INTERFERE

HAT marriages would be State con- trolled within 25 years is the startling prophecy just made by Sir Farquhar Buzzard.

Why? In what way? To what extent? Questions came tumbling from people's lips when he made this bold pronouncement in a lecture recently. In this interview, Sir Farquhar Buzzard elaborates his views and answers many. of the questions that have been raised-

The State should be given legal authority to refuse to license marriages, sald Sir Farquhar. Licences should not be given without inquiry into the personal and family history of the parties.

As things are going now wo are encouraging the unit to breed and discouraging the t from breeding.

That is the effect of present economic conditions.

There is therefore a strong case for subsidising the breed- ing of the AL.

But the State ought not to do that without knowledge of the antecedents of both parties to a marriage,

Immense sums of money arc spent in improving the breed- ing of animals, But, practically speaking, no money and no thought is devoted to applying eugenic principles to the im- provement of the human race.

I

成

F you consult your dic-

you w-141 Lionary

fland that "Eugenics" in the science concerned with improving the inborn qualities of a race or breed.

The natural law of the "Survi val of the FILLest is no longer true.

In times of peace, civilisation more and more promotes the sur- vival of the unft.

And in the event of war, modern armaments would inevitably de- stroy the best breeding stock.

It does not sound very reason- abic A national fitness campaign running side by side with rearma- ment can hardly fall to suggest the preparation of turkeys for Christ- inas-without the customary pre- Caution of preserving the best birds for breeding purposes.

The first step to be taken by any- one who wishes to be at is to choose his parents carefully.

Unfortunately we are too late to exercise that choice for our own beneût. But we can at least try to secure for the next generation such parents as they might choose if they could.

A

CAMPAIGN for physical ntness is all very well. But is there any reason

to believe that it can alter a man's inherent weaknesses or prevent his transmitting those weaknesses to his offspring?

Nothing but selective breeding will create an Ai race.

I have been glad to notice for some time that the more intelii- gent members of the younger generation are attaching more im- portance to the hereditary factor when facing the problems of mar- riage and parenthood.

fore, that the bombing of the was a time when the Japanese city of Canton is wrong because Government hoped, or claimed to it means the useless sacrifice of hope, that it could convince the so many innocents, women and Chinese people that friendship children, will not alter the mili-between them and their neigh- was the aim of the tarist's conviction in the justice bours

but

was

an

of his course. He may be sorry invasion. It was always a false- for the suffering he causes; but sounding argument in the de- his defence is that that misery fence of war. Now, more than was not deliberatedly inflicted, ever, Japan's actions contradict accidental, un-her patriotic moralists, Human intentional complement to experience has not yet produced the whole of the necessity. an example of a friend made But the machine-gunning of a through torture; or an enemy civilian area, a deliberate attack convinced of his error by the upon Red Cross workers who are slaughter of his women and doing no more than attempting children. Bombings of civilian to rescue wounded and extricate centres may have the effect of the dead, is a thing that cannot dampening the Chinese ardour be explained or excused. It was for resistance; but they are just anticipated that the reorganisa-jas apt to cause a totally opposite tion of the Japanese' Cabinet reaction and stifler the de would mean the intensification termination of the fighting men of the campaign in China. If to take a terrible vengeance It is true this is the form the intensifica-upon the invaders. tion is to take it will do Japan that Japan's superiority in noriai incalculable harm,

only equipment has been largely her striking damaging the reputation of the responsible for

military successes; her misusc country in the eyes of an already of this weapon can be blamed for revolted world, but fanning the any future excessos on the part leaping flame of hatred which of the people she is so terribly has sprung up in China. There 'abusing.

not

In Marriage

Sir Farquhar Buzzard (here photographed taking lis daughter Isobel to church on her wedding day in 1933) is a former President of the B.M.A., Regius Professor of Medicine at Oxford University, and an authority an mental diseases. Says that "nerves" are responsible for 10,000,000 working weeks being lot to industry every year. Outspoken always, is an opponent of "doctors in hurry"; believing that doctors should be regarded friendly policemen in the struggle for existence.

2

matters 13 Advice on these sought with far more frequency to- day than 40 years ago.

But no great progress can ba and made without leadership action on the part of our rulers. Look at the position to-day. You can divide the population roughly into three entegories. Per- haps 50 per cent, are individuals who may be regarded as of normal fitness. Twenty per cent, may be supernormal Thirty per cent, are subnormal.

Under present economic condi- tions the subnormal have every encouragement to produce large These families are in familles.

their turn subnormal.

The normal and supernormal are charged with the burden of sup-

as

They are porting the subnormini, tempted. if not forced, to limit the number of their children.

It does not require great brains to calculate the effect of such a system of breeding.

We are confronted with the pro- spect of a population in, which

unfit will out-number the ft. the

What measures are there that could brighten this gloomy out- took?

I have four measures in mind. They will inevitably be criticised- largely because they appear to offend against certain traditions and beliefs which have long been upheld.

First, there must be more know- ledge of the facts. Particularly. there must be research in some

GRIN AND BEAR IT

iday

By Lichty

C. 1950 United Piniors Byndieste, The,

"Say, I wish I had your route-my, people get postcards from the most awful bores!"

special area. There must be facili- les for the Intimate studies of familles in the area over a long period of time. People engaged in this research, if they are to be successful, would require both legal authority and a more or less permanent endowment.

Secondly, children need a more general education in the science of 10 He with special referenco heredity.

The third measure I suggest- the proposal for statutory control

of marriages-1s certain to meet

with a howl of opposition.

Y

to

will

bo

ET I venture prophesy it adopted within 25 years. But in

It sounds revolutionary. view of the gravity of the problems which face us, it is clear that a marriage may affect the State as much as it does the individuals concerned,

It means more interference with the liberty of the subject no doubt. But the State interferes with the Uberty of a criminal because he is harmful to the community. There can be no doubt that ill-advised marriages are equally damaging and much farther reaching.

The fourth and final measure is economic.

Can the State aubsidise selective human breeding as it subaldines the selective breeding of lower animals?

Can it encourage by financial help the raising of it families and discourage the raising of undt familles?

These are questions I cannot pre- tend to answer. But they are very important, and very pertinent to the future.

The proposals I make must in- evitably be unpopular because of their personal implications. But they are justified because people are increasingly saying:

"We are fed up with being ill and patched up or oured: Tell us how we can be at and remain fit, how we can preserve our health and avold lness,""

T

HE medical profession welcomes this because prevention is not only better but often more possible than

cure,

But this changed attitude to- wards Пtness must carry with it a sincere desire not only to know tho truth but also to face the facts ex- posed by truth.

"And that means that we must not be blind to the amount of ill- health due to hereditary causes.

When Should

Policemen Marry?

Sydney.

HE rule debarring policemen from

THE

marrying until they have served three years was critletsed in the rC-1 port by the Police Association pre- Isented to the annual conference here. "The average young policeman makes a desirable husband and there is every reason why he should be to marry, encouraged couraged," said the president tective Sergeant Watkins).

not

dig (De

"Australia's greatest asset la child- ren. Withholding from young mem- bers of the force the right to marry seems to be contrary to the best in- terests of the nation."

emer-

The department's reply to the 5- sociation's protest, Mr. Watkins re- ported, was that the rule facilitated police administration by making a number of men moblie for gency,

"My execuilve, however, consider- real motive Wald ed that the economy," he said.