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The
COLONY HUNT: 1936
GERMANY
POLAND
SARDINIA
Hongkong Telegraph. A of the
FRIDAY, APRIL 3, 1936.
GERMANY'S TERMS
So complicated and hedged about with reservations as they are, the German proposals for the pacificntion of Europe de- mand the closest scrutiny before
By Lionel Birch
Economic, Intelligence Officer, League of Nations Union
·Italy leaves land uncultivated in Sardinia while
she fights in Abyssinia
ONE recalls the reported words
of Mussolini to the French Ambassador last autumn: "If you brought me Abyssinia on a silver plate I would not accept It; for I am resolved to take it by force,"
. While land is lying un- cultivated not only in Sardinia but also in Italy Itself, we can hardly say that Italy is over- populated. No doubt after much coaching, the Italians have come to feel over-popu- lated. And it is important to distinguish between a real and an imaginary over-popula- blon problem; not because the imaginary problem is likely to provide a less potent incitement to fight, but because the two problems demand a different. kind of solution.
Even assuming that Italy were really over-populated, she 'could not ense her troubles by conquering Ethiopia.
The same sort of thing is true uf Germany. Some Germans domund the return of the ex-
CASUAL, paragraph in one help Italy, or Germany, or ary emphasis in 1926, when,
of the evening papers last Japan or Poland. Colonies never after returning from a visit to German colonies, because Ger- week informed people in Eng have helped these countries North Afrien, he remarked:
many must have an outlet for land that Poland finds she can- much, in any material sense.
her surplus population, ignoring “We are hungry for land be- the fact that the number of not possibly do without a colony. Colonies never helped Germany
First Italy, Japan and Ger- to obtain, on specially favour- canse tee are prolific and intend Germans accommodated in 1913
by the German colonies many, and now Poland. One able terms, any considerable to remain so." begins to wonder where, and amount of raw materials. In
about -18,000. The colonial problem is highly more particularly how, this 1913 sisal hemp was the only complex... process will stop.
commodity imported into Ger-
(as
was
Nevertheless, the maller can-
raw
not be left where it is. It is possible to point out, of many from her colonies which It has many ingredients-the
The spectacle of, for instance, course, that à colony wouldn't constituted more than 8 per desire for control over
cent, of the total value of the opposed to the "desire for Britain saying to Italy or Ger- commodity so imported.
access to) the sources of raw many: "Anyone who likes is materials, the desire to obtain at liberty to go and get assured foreign markets, the materials from our colonics," BEFORE the war Germany fed feeling or the fact of being over- and leaving it at that, is not
a large part of her popula- crowded, the craving for pres
unlike the spectacle of સ tion with foud from overseas ter- tige.
wealthy industrialist saying to ritory which she did not need lo.
a bankrupt competitor: "Any-
it can they are likely to be productive.
be determined whether NOTES OF THE DAY
*
*
of concrete results. It is, how- AUSTRIA'S TURN ever, clear, both from the tone of the memorandum and from Dr. Kurt Schuschnigg has an-own; and but for the interven- Of all these, the feeling or the one is at liberty to walk into certain constructive proposals nounced his country's intention to tion of the war she could have fact of being overcrowded is the Ritz Hotel and order a din-
reorganise its fighting forces and continued to do this. advanced,
liable to provide the most ner there." Very likely they that there are ele to create an Army whose strength
effective pretext for another.are. But it is as well for, them ments in the document which, if is far beyond the limit set by the From the point of view of raw war. "We must fight or to have some money with which explored to the full, might well post-war protocols governing these materials, colonies are very starve!" The idea is splen- to pay the bill. form a basis for further deli-posed to crillelse. Or all the overwhelming proportion of the of the big chieftains. What
matters. But we do not feel dis-seldom the right colonies.
An didly suited to the perorations berations, Doubtless the next Central Powers, Austria has prob most important raw materials, truth is there in it? step will be to seek elucidation ably had greatest cause for com-
and
best to become so...
*
*
GERMANY and Italy have no plaint since the close of hostilities. coal, copper, cotton, iron
money to pay the bill. They of various points raised. in 1918, and yet has been one of ore, petroleum and steel, are Are Germany and Italy, in are quite at liberty to walk up which connection it is fore-the most amenable. She has been produced mainly from terri- fact, over-populated? It is easy to the British Empire and order shadowed that Britain will most torn by revolt; she has suffered tories other than colonial terri- to see that they have done their as much rubber or tin as they likely proceed along these lines. she has starved. But always she
horrible episodes of civil strife: torics.
like. But they cannot pay for Much of the German reply is has trodden carefully, and since
it. They have equal oppor Italy, for instance, obtains Mussolini has deliberately re- taken up with a defence of the the present political alignment hardly any raw materials from stricted emigration, instituted unity of purchase; but they have not equal ability to pur- re-occupation of the Rhineland commenced functioning, she has colonial territories controlled by bachelor taxes, offered all sorts chase.
acted in all affairs with commend-one of the great Colonial of positive inducements to the denunciation of the able diplomacy. AH about her Empires. Italy's raw materials potential parents, instigated a The reason is precisely be- Locarno Pact. In these res- great fighting forces have grown are obtained chiefly from other vehement journalistic campaign cause there is not an equal right pects, the Note adds nothing to up. notably beyond
Car- Sovereign States.
against birth control
for Germany and Italy to sell: the already known-attitude of north as well. With the re-arma True; these cold facts do not And why docs Mussolini nies or countries from which it
south and pathians, and, to the
firstly, to the particular colo- the German Government. Soment of Germany an accomplished prevent Italy from continuing punctuate his complaints that desires to import, and, secondly, far as the making of a definite fact, and probably with Italian to demand colonial territory as the country is already over- to other countries, by means of gesture at this stage is con-support in prospect, Austria per- an economic necessity." But populated with demands for "a which it could discharge its in- cerned, all that Germany is the reorganisation of her defence that she must have an outlet for reason seems to be that, some world, equality of access to raw ceived no great risk in announcing perhaps, by this, Italy means maximum. of births"? The debtedness. In a tariff-ridden prepared to do is to refrain from forces. It is probable Hungary her surplus population?
where around 1925, Mussolini increasing her military strength will attempt to do likewise. We
was seized with the notion that materials is a barren privilege. Signor Mussolini put this the Italians were
It is as though we were say other, and yet the feelings of the point of view with his custom- unique virility."
ing about the
dissatisfied Little Entente must be considered
nations: "We are perfectly
the
must admit that what fair for seems likewise fair for an-
one
and it would be folly to allow a
ย race of
situation to develop which might SIDE GLANCES By George Clark provided that they can pay for
tension In the
in the Rhineland and from moving her troops nearer to the frontier, provided France and Belgium are willing to act similarly. This, in effect, means create serious that Germany takes the stand Balkanaif, by some simple remedy, that the fait accompli with it could be prevented. It is time. which she dramatically faced of these lesser European states that the security and sovereignty her neighbours recently cannot were re-insured in order that they be modified in any way.
Re-do not grow hysterical and rush to garding the denunciation of the the already dangerous turmoil of arm themselves and thus add to Locarno Pact, it is stated that European politica; and perhaps Germany would have been pre-precipitate the very contingency pared to respect its provisions they hope to guard against."
if the other signatories had done
court
of
so, but the point that it has not in
Germany's good faith, re- yet been determined by anybody.sulting from unilateral denun- except Germany, that theciation of treaties, is apparently Franco-Soviet Treaty is an in-answered by the proposal that fringement of that Pact is coin- international
An pletely ignored. It is true that arbitration 'should have compe- the League has decided that tence in respect of the obser- Germany is guilty of a breach vance of any agreements of treaty, but that, it is worth reached, its decision to be final. noting, was not the point sug-In the face of this suggestion, gested for reference to the it is not easy to appreciate Ger Hague Court, which
was many's disinclination to submit whether or not the Franco-the Franco-Soviet Pact to the Soviet agreement justified Ger Hague. But if there are many man denunciation of the Locar aspects of the German reply no understanding. Although which need clarification, and no mention is made of Russia whilst the absence of a definito in the Note, it remains clear contribution. is "regrettable, that Germany is still deter there will be a widespread hope mined to leave the Soviet out of that the proposals will be any discussions or agreements further explored, with
course which dominant objective of achieving makes it difficult to see how any the main aims which the, Gor-j lasting European accord can be man Government professes to be expected. Loss of confidence its policy.
LTD. envisageda
the
"Hey, Eddle, shall we charge 'admission for Annie's little brother?
willing to allow other countries to have our raw materials,
them. But they cannot pay for them.
If the countries of the world. were to abolish their preferen-· tial, and lower their protective, tariffa, the whole economic basis of the dissatisfied coun- tries' complaint would be re- moved. On the other hand, it may be doubted whether these countries would be satisfied by any such technical equity...
*
WHAT seems to have happen- ed is that in Germany and Italy a certain number of in- fluential people have made up their minds that, for reasons private to themselves, they must have colonies. The over-popula- tion cry and the complaint about access to raw materials look very much like polite after- thoughts.
Colonies, to some people, ap- pear in the same light as diamond rings and pearl neck- laces. The people next door. have colonies." The Joneses have colonies. Then why not we? In essence it's a matter of prestige,
It's all very well for people who own half the diamonds in the world to say, "There's no- thing in diamonds." It's now attitude to diamonds that we'll be needing, And a new attitude to colonies.
A