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SPARKLING PICTURES ON D.ULL DAYS
You will nee printed on any Kodak Film that carton the word "Speed." This means The film is fast and will minke the most of the light. The #ght may be poor because the day is a dull one; or it may be a bright day, and yet the light admitted inside the camera in diminished because you bay shortened the exposure in order to take a moving object. Either way, the Kodak lm, being "speedy.", will make a plucky negative.
But be warned! Film which is "speedy," but has no "Intitude," is dangerous. If you give it ever so little over-exposure, it turns nasty und the negative is flat, dull and unprintable. Kudak Film is "speedy," but it has hat in dulgent "latitude" which allows you to over expose it and still get sparkling negatives.
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, SATURDAY, JUNE 27, 1931.
MUSEUMS.
MUMMIES EXAMINED FOR CAUSE OF DEATH.-
"FAKE". PICTURES.
USE OF X-RAYS IN was turned around so that the face tecting modern forgeries of old
pointed downwards. It was com- masters. pletely detached from the rest of the body and the lower jaw bone The same method does not, of and all but one of the upper teeth course, apply to early copies of old were missing. Further pictures pictures, because in such cases the showed that most of the bones were copyists used opaque pigments also, collected in a confused mass in the but other methods are used to dis- centre of the body. The ribs, tinguish originals from repilcas. elvis bones, and arm boues were in the first place, every pointer has all mixed together, while scattered an Individual method of using bis all over were vertebrae,, teeth, and brush, and the brush marks that the small bones of the hands. The are shown in X-ray pictures are as "Death by violence, probably," two large thigh bones were found characteristic as enld the expert as he examined crossed at a somewhat lower foval. The expirt, therefore, is frequently the X-ray film of a boy's head and below thom, were the rest of able to tell the genuine from the that he had just developed. the log bones approximately their
falac hy studying these marks, The skull is fractured, the jaw proper positions. This
Furthermore, in making an original mummy presonta a puzzle
for
Egypotolo painting, the artist usually makes bone is broken, and a tooth has gists. Were the bones in a dry apparently been knocked out. stato originally wrapped up in this The injuries, indicate that the manner? This aceme to be the cause of death was a blow from case, since no traces of flesh are some such weapon as a club, and visible, and it would be difficult to they are quite different from teeth by any rough handling the account for the achttering of the those that would be brought mummy might have been later sub- about by a fall or other common
to. Also Jected
the lower accident.
scems definitely missing. But if "However, nothing can be done job, was it a proper procedure of the embalmers did this particular about it, for the crime if it really their part, or was it a case of very was a crime was committed over bad workmanship, now revealed for 3,000 years ago, and neither evi-the first time? dence nor criminal could now be produced in court. We can only trust that Egyptian justice was ef fective and that the little fellow did not die unavenged."
Insurance Against Trickery.
Jaw
"In addition to discoveries of this sort, it is always wise to X-ray This curious case was brought to very mummy before its purchase light by Harold G. Petsing, Edeny a collector, for the simple ren- tional Director of the Westing that no mummy may be found homae X-ray Company, during the
in the wrappings. Mummies, like course of a series of X-ray investi-every other article
are subject to fraudulent practices, gations which he has been carrying and cases are on record whore out on murmmies at the Brooklyn. several thousand dollars have been
(New York) Museum.
paid for mere bundles of rag X-ray examination is a very cheap insurance against třickery.”
of
commerce,
number of changes in detail as the work progresses, all of which,
pugh painted over and invisible to the eye, are clearly seen in the adfograph, Copies, on the other and, rarely show such changes.
Changes Shown Up.
Sometimes the X-ray shows that In later artist has changed an early an attempt at restoration, and some painting, either deliberately, or in times it reveals an entirely different pleture lying concealed beneath the one visible on the surface. In such conee, it may often pay to remove the Inter work and restore the original to its primitive conditions.
X-rays are also useful for study- ing embedded fossils, and for re- vealing the structure of rare speci mens af fish, birds, reptiles, small mammals, and even insects. They can, in many cases, show the dif- ference between genuine medieval works of art and modern forgeries. enbinets, and writing desks, they Turned upon ancient caskets,
may uncover unusupected secrets,
These are but a few of the po sible applications of X-rays in a bable that every museum of im- modern museum, and it seems pro-
Interesting Disclosures,
"This work, which has been un- dertaken at the behest of Edward S. Mummies are by no means the Blum, President of the Board of only objects collected by museums Trustees of the Museum, and is un-that should be subjected to X-rays, der the direction of Dr. William H. according to Mr. Petsing. Of Fox, Director of the Muscum, em-special importance in the newly purtance will, to the near future, phasizes the scientific importanec
nec developed art studying of old paint. X-ray apparatus as a neves- say part of its staudard equip, of the X-ray examination of mum-ings by X-ray methods. Consider. mies, which discloses their contental able work in this field has been done without damaging them in any both in Europe and this country. | way", onld Mr. Petsing. "Each of but a standardized technique has the first three mummies X-rayed not yet been worked out, and It is showed something of interest,
one of Mr. Petsing's objecta to sveure scientise data to guide future hayinvestigatora.
"The firat was the small with the fractured skull.
second was a woman.
The
Her mummy Old and New in Painting. was normal in all respects-a beautiful specimen, of the ent-
The old masters used pigments balmer's art, in fact--hit
ne that were for the most part made wrapped close to her head, two small jars, up of mineral and metallic colours, whose existence was previously un-These pigments are quite opaque to suspected, were revealed by the X-rays, so that a radiograph taken X-ray picture. Thus, valuable ob-with moderate power is almost a jects concealed in the wrappings complete replica of the original may often bè discovered.
painting, every detail and every brush mark being clearly distin- guishable. Modern pigments, on the other hand, are largely "My third mummy was that of a vegetable and coal-tor origin, and- man. It, too, seemed normal, but these are very transparent to the the first picture which was one penetrating rays. Hence, a radio- taken of the head-disclosed a most graph of a modern painting taken unusual state of affairs. The skull, with moderate power ahowa
Remarkable Case.
1
01
Instead of being placed in the posi-practically nothing. This fact pro- tion one would expect to find it.vides an excellent method of de
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