NESTLE
66 I know the
name as well as I know
my own. It's something to do
with cows and clover. Such a good
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ire cream. Nestle's of course! What a
dily I am.99
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JAPAN'S FOREIGN
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FOREIGN MINISTER ON NAVAL TREATY,
CHINA AGREEMENT.
Baron Shidehars, the Minister for Foreign Affairs, at the open- ing of the Diet yesterday, dwelt on Japan's foreign policy.
Baron Shidehara's speech, sup- plied by courtesy of the Japanese Consul General, was as follows:
Between Japan and China, an agreement relating to the customs duties is now ready for signature. Its main features are the recogni- tion by Japan of China's tariff au- tonomy and reciprocal tariff un- dertakings,
Concerning the customs, au- tonomy of China, a resolution for, recognition in principle was adopt. ed by a special committee at the Peking Tariff Conference.In 1926. It is a matter of common know- lodge that Japanese representa- tives to the conference played a role of signal importance in secur ing the passage of that resolu. tion. Owing to the threatened de- velopment of domestic warfare in China, the Peking conference was brought to a close without any de Anite result being attained. Sub- sequently, however, customs Agreements were concluded, in succession, by various Powers with China. With the conclusion of a similar agreement between Japan and China, now awaiting signa ture, formal recognition of China's customs autonomy by all nations concerned will have become com- plete. Nothing is more gratifying to us thun to witness such a not- able achievement, on the part of a. neighbouring nation. At the same time, a measure of respon- sibility must be involved. The relinquishment by Powers of treaties that guarantee great material value to them and which they have so long enjoyed, rests on the implicit belief that China will not make use of her new posi tion to modify her customs tariff In such a way as to hamper or to destroy her foreign trade. I feel confident that China will live up to her moral responsibility and prove herself to be equal to the trust thus placed in her by the Powers.
Stability of Trade.
The proposed agreement with China also provides for reciprocal engagements to maintain specified rates of duty upon a number of commodities for a certain périod of time. What we naturally de- sire is the stability of our trade with China. We cannot be ex- pected to remain indifferent to frequent and radical changes in China's tariff. China, on her part, finds it equally important to secure the market in Japan for certain classes of Chinese manu- factures. These mutual desires have given rise to a scheme of reciprocal undertakings in regard to the customs tariffs. The ar- rangement marks a step forward; the full realization of the principle of solidarity between Japan and China, and it is but a natural out- come of specially close economic relations existing between the twoi nations. Needless to say it does not in any way infringe upon the customs autonomy of either па- tion. On the contrary, it is noth- ing more than normal exercise of state sovereignty.
We further propose, in accord- ance. with our settled policy, to proceed to the discussion with ther Chinese Government of other pro- visions to be incorporated in a new commercial treaty, besides those which relate to customs duties.
It is sincerely hoped that through the mutual appreciation by each nation of the just and rea-) sonable position of the other, satis- factory progress will be assured for these negotiations.
It appears that, recently, along with the reappearance of signs of unrest on the political horizon in China, a section of the press in| that country has been disseminat- ing reports suggesting that we had a hand in bringing about that turn of events and were engaged in prosecution of unworthy de- signs. Such accusations are too preposterous to call for any denial. It cannot be necessary to reaffirm our known policy of fair square dealing in China.
and
Naval Disarmament. Turning to the subject of naval. disarmament, I do not feel myself
at liberty at present to speak at any great length on the proceed- ings of the London conference. I am, however, happy to announce that the conference has at last come to a successful conclusion after constant and the most exact- ing labours ever since its opening the 21st of January and through mutual concessióng · of friendly co-operation on the part of all participating powers. A treaty of historic importance was signed on the 22nd of this month. It should be hailed with satisfac- tion by all those who have at heart
on
SATURDAY, APRIL 26, 1930.
the advancement of peace and friendship among nations. Parti- cular attention is invited to the agreement arrived at for the pre- vention of building competition. In auxiliary craft. Japan, England and America, after repeated fai- lures for more than eight years. since the Washington conference, have finally succeeded in compos- ing all differences which had so far stood in the way of such an agreement. This fact in itself has a significance far beyond the legal affects indicated in the pro- visions of the treaty. In mutual relations of nations nothing can be more harmful or more uncalled for, than a competition in naval construction. It is calculated to aggravate fear and uneasiness in- stead of strengthening confidence in national security. The history of the days preceding the world war, bears a striking testimony of this tendency. The London Treaty puts an end to all competition of naval construction for the dura- tion of its validity. The value of the treaty. Hes not only in such material advantages as lessening of national burdens, but more es- pecially in the moral influence it is bound to exercise upon interna- tional relations.
Capital Ships.
The treaty is intended to re- gulate the conditions until the end of 1996. It is made clear that the naval strength to be allowed each power after that period; shall be discussed and determined at the conference to be held in 1935. In respect to capital ships, the. treaty stipulates that until the end of 1936, the signatories shall not exercise their rights to lay down the keels of replacement tonnage provided for by the Washington Treaty, and further, that the Bri- tish Commonwealth of nations shall dispose of five capital ships, United States of three and Japan of one. Regarding auxiliary craft, the total amount of tonnage to be possessed by Japan will be less by approximately 50,000 tons than existing strength. And yet the strength which we shall actually retain at the date of the confer ence of 1935, does not materially differ from that which we original- ly proposed, alike in the eight inch gun cruiser class and in total ton- nage of auxiliary craft. It is true that the tonnage ' of submarines has been reduced considerably.be, low the figure we proposed for ́ourselves, but our strength in this strict category will maintain parity with that of the British Commonwealth and the United States, both of which have aban. doned their original demand for total abolition of submarines.
These arrangements have now made it possible for us to econo. mize in our naval, expenditure while safety of our national de- fence is adequately assured for the duration of the treaty. None but extreme pessimists could possibly contend that the amount of strength to be allotted for Japan during the period ending 1936, will prove to be fatally short of the needs of our national security. Taking fully into consideration the views of naval experts, we have finally adopted, with a firm conviction, the decision to join in the present treaty.
Changing Conditions,
It may be apprehended that in regard to the amount of naval strength to be possessed by Japan after January, 1937, the confer- ence might place upon us restric- tions similar to those imposed by the present treaty, involving a serious danger to our national security. It will, however, be con-
JAPANESE BUDGET.
SUPPLEMENTARY NEED FOR YEN 39,000,000.
Tokyo, Apr. 28. The supplementary budget sub- mitted to the Diet calls for a total of Yen 39,000,000 and involves in- creased State subsidies for com- pulsory education, national indus- try promotion, and funds for an export guarantee system.-Reuter..
eeded that conditions of the world are constantly changing. What we attach greatest importance to for the moment, may not necessari- ly retain the same measure of value to-morrow. It is equally possible that what now seems to us to be of little use, may some day become indispensable. It is incumbent upon us, therefore, to resérve to ourselves perfect liberty to present at the next con- ference whatever claims may then" appear suitable in given circum- stances. That liberty is explicit- ly provided for in the present treaty. There is no occasion for the apprehension that the Treaty of London is to bind us hand and foot for all the time to come. To show oneself unduly disturbed un- der the influence of so mistaken an Impression, would be an at- titude little worthy of a self re- specting nation.
Furthermore, lest diminution of auxiliary tonnage render it dif- ficult for us to maintain our stan- dard of technical skill and ability. in matter of naval construction. we were careful to guard against any such eventualities by secur- ing, after full discussion upon that phase of the matter with the other powers, a working arrangement authorizing us within certala limits to effect replacement of ships before the prescribed agu limit is reached.
Wholehearted Co-operation.
In these circumstances, every fair observer will agree that the provisions of the London naval treaty contain nothing to which we ought, even at the risk of rup ture of the negotiations, to have taken exception, and that on the contrary, the sane and proper course for us to take was to ex- tend our wholehearted co-opera- tion in order to secure the success of the conference. It seems that, in certain quarters, rumours BO utterly wide of truth are circulat- ed as that the agreement Was forced upon us by other powers. I need hardly point oat the ab- surdity of such reports. Having carefully weighed all considera- tions not only of foreign policy, but also of naval, financini, economic and all other factory of national strength upon which the. security of a nation must in final" analysis depend, we were brought to the conclusion that in accept- ing the terms of the agreement ar- rived at, we would decidedly be serving the real interests of this empire.
Before concluding my remarks, I may be permitted to express our profound appreciation of the loyalty and devotion with which the representatives of this country and all members of the delegation. have for several months past suc- cessfully faced most difficult situa- tions and the tremendous pressure of work involved in the London conference.
The Premier subsequently ad- dressed the Diet, expressing con- gratulations on the conclusion of the London naval parley and the Chinese-Japanese tariff revision agreement,
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