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EARLIER TELEGRAMS.
THE FINANCIAL DEBATE.
Lozdu, Oct. 2 "In de financial debate in the House of Coņimons, “Mr. Churchill stated that owing to the reduced armies of occapa- tion Germany's indebtedness had been reduced to £11,000,000. This amount would nos be received this year, although Ger- many had paid about £13000,000 in currenery for the use of the troops in Cologne. The Dominious owed the War Office £30,000.00 in connection with the maintenance of troops in the 6eld during the war. He now anticipated that owing to financial dificulties in Australia he would receive only £15,000,000 out of the £23,000,000 anticipated in the Budget, but the other £20,000,00) was a good debt whereza Dominions were paying interest.
the
Mr. Churchill pointed out that £67,000,000 out of the £115,000,000 which was the unbadgeted War Office defcit, constituted deferred payment. The remaining £31,000,000 war accounted for by increased pay for the army, the railway strike, rupee exchange and small unanticipated delays in demobilisation. At present there were 10.000 troups on the Rhine. Br Nor. 15 there would be 45.000, whici: number would immediately thereafter be reduced by 12.000. Fourteen thousand were necessary for garrisoning Cologne and sixteen thousand for the plebiscitory division under the Treaty, who would remain from six to seven months. We were guarding 198,000 Germans in France but were dispersing as fast, 24 possible 100,000 Chinese dative labourers.
Concluding, Mr. Churchill optimistically reviewed the situation in Russia. Denikin had now gained earmoua territory, including the richest part of Russia with a popula tion of 4,000,000, Denikin had taken 270,000 prisoners since May. His army was composed of between 200,000 and 400,000, who were well-organised. Trade was beginning and railways starting with every hope that this territory would escapo the privations of the rest of Russia. In March, wien serious Sghting began, there were 430,000 Bolshevik troops and 20,000 anti-Bolsheviks. By September there were 400,000 Bolsheviks and 610,00 anti-Bolsheviks. (Cheers). Denikin had been advised that we expected his forces to become self- supporting by the end of the present facncial year. Mean- while the Cabinet approved the final contribution to Denikin of surplus stores valued at £15,000,000 which would be despatched gradually during the winter. Hence we were ap proaching the end of our own entanglement in Russia in a way which was securing the same objects as those of the anti-Bolsheviks. He hoped we would not be accused of militarism. He pointed out that Britain alune among the nations of the world had taken steps which would shortly abolish conscription. It was the only country in Europe which practised what it preached. Ti translated the sentiments of the League into a great and swift policy of disarmament. (Cheers).
The debate was continued by Mr. J. R. Clynes. Moving an amendment declaring the present national war expenditure unjustifiable, urging drastic economy and advocating a levy on capital and reversion to the State of war fortunes for the purpose of reducing the national debt, he remarked that the worse the financial condition the more cheerful was Chancellor. The Labour Party confended that the financial situation was so extraordinary as to call for extraordinary messtrea.
·
tue
Mr. Clynes urged enquiry on the question of the capital levy.
Lord Robert Cecil supported and asked what allowances were made for expenses involved in the British mandates. He was very doubtful whether any territories mandated to Britain would pay expenses for many years.
Mr. Chamberlain, interrupting, was understood to say that Palestine was paying its way.
Mr. Lloyd George. replying to the debate. opined that the Chancellor had knocked the bottom out of the case of the critics. He emphasised their disagreements as regards where to retrench and said that the greatest expenditure was the Army and Navy. He pointed out that the Navy was at present only a pre-war Navy. It would be less at the end of the faancial year. Continuing he gave details as regards reduction of personnel of the Army, Navy and Air Force by February. The forecast for March 31st was for 825,000 men. Actually there would be only 300,000. He asked was this nothing. Next year there would be a substantia! surplus for reduction. of debt. Provision for liquidation of the debt in fifty years was one of the most magnificent pro- positions concerning international liability ever advanced. It would resound all over the world. It was a testimony to British courage and foresight. Mr. Lloyd George said the critice saw only the enormous expenditure, therefore the elementary facts of the situation must be re-emphasised. There had been the costliest war in the world's history, entailing the enormous debt of £8.000.000,000, for which interest mast be paid. The sinking fund was provided and because the Government faced this annual charge of £400,- 000,000 they were charged with extravagance. Furthermore. responding to pressure from members Mr. Lloyd George said the Government had established pensions amounting £120,000.00) annually, and not a single penny of this £520.- 000,000 had been challenged. There had been exceptional charges in the current year owing to abnormal difficulties. The Army had been more scattered over the world than any other army.
to
Replying to a query the Premier said they evacuated Armenia to economise. They were unable to police the world and be honestly thought other Powers ought to share the responsibility. (Cheers).
Then the Government was criticised for not demobilising quicker on the grounds that they knew Germany would sign. On the "Contrary the Conference did not know till the last minute that Germany would sign, and then she only signed.
THE
HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 5. 1919.
THE CHINA SQUADRON.
The Sixth Sabmarine Flotilla, consisting
"Ambrose" of the (parent ship), "Marazion" (sloop), and submarines L. 1, 3. 4, 6, 9, and 15, left Devonport for the China Station.on September 15,
The "Ambrose," parent ship of the Sixth Submarine Flotilla, com- prising herself, the "Marazion,” sloop: "Moonshine," drifter and the submarines L1, LS, LA, 16, L9./ and L15, is one of the numerous) specially fitted-out ships for sub- -marine work, and as such was em- ployed in various parts of the North Sea and other spheres of naval activity during the war. She is thoroughly up to date, and car- ries every facility and equipment; for her special duties.
The "Marazion" is a sloop of nearly 1,000 tons, and was latterly employed as tender to the "Am- brose," a duty she will continue to discharge on the China Station. She is also a product of the war, and much speedier than the or- dinary sloop of pre-war times mostį of which were built for river and shallow ses patrol.
The Moonshine" is a large drif-! ter attached to the Flotilla for mining service. She was original- y in the mercantile marine service. and was taken on during the last year of the war for mining duties. for which she is specially adapted. She has all the latest equipment. for lifting and sweeping mines.
The submarines-six in nuinber -are of the well-known L type, well nigh 1.000 tons in displace- ment. well armed and very speedy both awash and submerged. They are products of the war and all the dreadful under-water experi- ence induced by German frighful. ness. Some of the L boats had exciting experiences during the
war.
When the Pacific Station was in existence says the "L. and C. Ex- press" with headquarters at Esquimalt, the destroyer "Virago" was sent out there in August, 1897. She was subsequently transferred to the China Station, and since did duty in Hongkong harbour as ten- der to the receiving ship "Tamar." Having outlived her usefulness the "Virago" is to be sold out of the service at Hongkong without re- turning home. She was built at Birkenhead in 1895, has a displace- ment of 300 tons, a speed of 31: knots, and fitted with engines of 6,000 h.p. She carried an arma- ment of one 12 pounder and half a dozen paunders, two torpedo tubes and a crew of 58 all told. She has coaling capacity for 80 tons. The type is now obsolete and of no fighting value, although fine in its day,
The light cruiser "Bonaventure,'
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which was under orders to proceeded on the old North Pacific Station fast sloops which was created dur- to the China Station as a parent for a commission. It will be re-ing the latter part of the war will submarine ship, has been placed on membered she acted as convoy to be partly utilised by sending some the disposal Est. The "Bonaven-the P. and Q. steamer from Shang-of them to overseas stations for ture" served several commissions hai to Hongkong on the occasion police and patrol work-e duty for on the East Indies and China when Kang Yu-wei, the Chinese which they are eminently fitted, Stations, and carried' the flag on reformer, was a passenger.
being much faster than the old
the former. She was also employ- It is said that the big fleet of pre-war sloop and more comfort-
because she knew Britain had maintained a number of reserve divisions in France ready for this eventuality, wherewith Marshal Focha was prepared to march on Berlin. Without this undemobilised force we should have substituted defeat for deficit (cheers) and have thrown away all the very terrible sacrifices of brave men to make accounts balance for 1918. Any Government doing this would have deserved impeachment and undoubtedly would have had it. Owing to the way we were dealing with the financial difficulties Britain need not fear comparison with any country in the world. Conscription in Germany was gone, her Navy was at the bottom of the This very significant fact gave grounds for confidence
sea.
in financial stability for the future. Patriotism and pessimism need not be identical. Britain could weather the storm as she
had weathered every ether. Nevertheless he hoped the economisers would not deny moneys for objects ́essential to the national life like education, for the war fully demonstrated the valce of technical education. Concluding Mr. Lloyd George urged that the truest economy was increased pro, duction. The depreciation of the sovereign was at present the heaviest tax and the only remedy was production, which could be got only by co-operation of a contented people. It was the greate i folly to urge cessation of expenditure upon health, comforts and the traizing of a people who had been prepared to sacrifice their lives on the battlefields for the country they loved. Cheers).
The House cheered for several minutes at the conclusion of the Premier's speech. When Commander Kenworthy and Mr. Holmes rose to continue the debate they were greeted with cries of "Divide! The House emptied when Mr. Holmes and a few other Radicals spoke very briefly, chiefly urging a capital levy.
Mr. Bonar Law, winding up the debate,"referred to the amount due from Germany for upkeep of the Army of Occupa- tion. He said this first instalment of Germany's debt would undoubtedly be obtained. As regards our £8,000,000,000 debt, certain items should be set off against it. The Allies owed us over £1,700,000,000. We owed America 2842,000,000. The latter debt was set of by debts from the Allies to us. Then the Dominions owed us £900,000,000, and India £1,000,000, bringing down the debt to £7,000,000. Furthermore
he did not think Bussia would always be a bad debt. As regards the German indemnity, he was confident we would get a considerable sum to reduce our debt.
Sir Donald Maclean asked permission to more an amendment to the Labour amendment. The Speaker roled him out of order. Sir Donald Maclean consequently regretted that. he and his colleagues were unable to vote against the Govern- ment because he could not enter the Lobby with the Labourites unless an enquiry was held before the capital lavy was decided on. The minority in the division was thus almost exclusively composed of Labourites.
The Labour amendment was rejected by 406 to 50,
where- after the Government resolution was unanimously carried."
able. There are about 120 of these ships, all camed after flowers, and known in the Royal Navy as the "herbaceous border." They mea- sure about 255 ft. in length, with a beam of 351⁄2 ft, a draught of 10 ft. and therefore suited for river work and shallow waters- and a displacement of 1,250 tons. They are fitted with engines of 2,400 horse-power, which give them a speed of 17 knots and a bit over. The armament varies a lit
tle bit, but, as a rule, consists of four 7-in. guns on bows, stern, and sides, and a-couple of 3-pounders. The crew
consists of 70 of all ranks. These boats are very com- fortable in a sea, and can stand a lot of tossing about, and their bunker capacity of 260 tons of coal give them a good steaming radius. At the moment a number of these sloops are employed along with the Mediterranean Fleet, Black Sea, Sea of Marmora, Egean Sea, Caspian Sea, and Levant, and also on the China Station, South Ame- rican Station, and Egyptian Divi- sion, which includes the Red Sea. The new light cruiser Cairo was to be completed to full crew at Devonport on the 23rd Sept., for trials preparatory to being com- missioned for service on the China Station, where she will carry the flag of the second in command. The "Cairo" is of the "C" type of light cruiser. She was laid down during the war, and was pretty well advanced when the armistice was signed. She is a 23-knotter, well-armed and protected, and especially adapted for service in tropical waters.
The sloop "Clio," so well known in Chinese waters,"is to be recom- missioned for service in the Per- sian Gulf. She will pay off at Gibraltar, and recommission' there on arrival of new crew from Eng-
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