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THE
CHINA AND LAPAN.
ATIMÈS COMMENT.
It is very much to be regretted that the refusal of the Paris Con ference to undertake a revision of the Chino-Japanese Treaties of 1915 has led the Chinese Govern. ment to wishbold their signature. from the Peace Treaty of Ver] sailles, says the Times of July. ↑. We do not propose to discuss the merits of the many controversial issues raised in connetion with those treaties. As will be seen from an outline of the Chinese case, published in another column, it rests rather upon future apprehensions than upon actual grievances. Chino complains that the working of the treaties to which she was com pelled to subscribe is so loose and elastic that it leaves her at the mercy of Japan should Japan be tempted to take advantage. of superior might to place an ex- treme construction upon them. Her past experiences with other Powers besides Japan may per- haps excuse these misgivings, though they could scarcely be brought within the purview of the Peace Conference. But China's" remedy does not seem to us to lie in demonstrative refusal to join with the Allies in the signature of peace with Ger- many, any more than it can lie in such ebullitions of public temper as the boycon of Japanese goods, ΟΙ in demonstrations against Chinese statesmen whose special knowledge of Japan and of the Japanese has induced them to labour whole-heartedly for the improvement of Chine-Japanese relations. None of these proceed- ings can win the sympathy of foreign Powers, on whose good will China in her presens help- lessness largely due to her own shortcomings can alone usefully rely.
The riper wisdom ofour Japan- ese Allies has, on the other hand, at the present juncture an admirable opportunity for a dis- play of real and generous states- manship in their dealings with China. The Japanese Prime Minister, Mr. Hara, the first commoner to have been called to that high position, realizes, fully, we believe, that a friendly China can alone provide the necessary outlet for the increasing industrial energies of Japan and for the increasing enterprise of a population which is grow- ing by considerably more than a million every year.
Baron Echida, the Japanese Foreign Minister, is well known at Pek- ing, where he represented, his country for some year with con- spicuous success; and, having been, afterwards Ambassador in Washington, he must be perfectly. familiar with the attitude of the United States towards Far East- ern questions. The Chinese-are doubtless for the moment pro-l foundly disappointed that Presi- dent Wilson did not stand by them more vigorously in Paris. They probably did notexpect that the Entente Powers, and especial- ly Great Britain, whose relations with Japan have been for many years. peculiarly close and in- timate, would espouse their cause against an Ally who had played a much more active part in the war. But they appear have counted very confidently American support. No ever cast his bread on the waters with happier re- sults than did the United Sates when it remitted its share of the Boxer indemnity on condition that China spent. the money on sending her youths to study in América Since then there has been a steady flow of young Chinese to American schools and universities-upwards of 1,700 last
have year alone--who made bosts of friends for them- selves and their country in have
on
one
LONDON DIRECTORY the United States and
4 win Proenchť, & Foreign Sections,, - enažíés traders ta dominanzdeste direct with MANUFACTURERS & DEALERS
··
in' London and in the Provinciál Zowns kad Industrial Centres of the United Kingdoms and the Continent (ef. Burapalmet, amDLOT, addresses and other detalle jen claagidað veiðar more than 9,400), trade Beadings, Inching EXPORT: MERCHANTS HAY with detailed, puctiendary of the Goods shipped and the Colodet med Fereign Markete soppåsă;
| Krašajā «mder the ForGoʻwhich they HALL
sod indicating the approximate Hallings
One-inch BUSINESS CARDS of Firma chosirlag La maland chamke adunactions, or Trade Gazderak
dsa ̋be painted på s'estat nd-stthings-ter bank
will be sent by vári
.3
to
returned to China" imbued with deep faith in the nation, that befriended them. Of the five representatives of the Chinese Government at the Peace Confer- ence, three are graduates of American universities. The proportion is still greatest amongst „the many experts attached tothe
Chinese Delegation.
From the outcry that is already being raised in many quarters in America against what the Pre- sident's opponents describe as his -desertion of China at the Peace Conference it may safely be assed that, if political con- siderations of a more general
haza deterred Mr W931-|| L'supporting the Chinese Paris American
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likely to be. deflected from the objects which it has hitherto steadily pursued in extending its protection to all the legitimate
Japan
1919
Fandi interests of China.
of recanail
with the legitimate And interests” of an that of endorsing Chinese *** pisal for s formal revision of the Chino- Japanese Treaties. Japan can allay Chinese anxiety at once by furnishing spontaneously, and in ja generous and conciliatory spirit, the definition of her intentions in fregard to the more contentious! and obscurer,clauses of the tres- ties, which she considered herself justified in withholding, when it was claimed as of right by the Chinese representatives in Paris. If it be urged that the uncompromising attitude of the Chinese Government makes
more difficult
is.
for Japan to take such a step, her own position in the Far East is surely so strong that she has no need to stand merely on har dignity. Her position all over the world would be made still stronger by a beau geste which" would finally disarm the suspicion and jealousy that she complains of encountering in more powerful quarters than China. Should that, however, be regarded as a mere counsel of perfection, it must be remembered that one of the chief purposes of the League of Nations is to permit questions such as may arise over the inter- pretation of the Chino-Japanese Treaties to be deal with in a reasonable spirit. We cannot bring ourselves to believe that China seriously intends to per- severe in a wilful course of which one of the most unfortunate results for herself would be to cut- ber off from original membership of the League, since the Covenant of the League is part and parcel of the Treaty she has declined to sign.
FARLIER TELEGRAMS.
ANTI-BOLSHEVIK OPERATIONS.
Paris, Aug. 20.
The Supreme Council has decided to invite neutrals to inform is how they are able to co-operate towards the econ- omic isolation of Bolshevik Russia; also to summon Ger- many to accept restrictions on German trade in Russia which neutrals may be induced to impose themselves. The Council's power of action is limited because the United States does not recognise a state of war between the En tenté and Russia and refuses to join the blockade or render help against the Bolsheviks.
►
fondod, Aug. 20
A Bolshevik wireless message says: "The enemy has occupied Kherson and Nikolaieff."
Paris, Aug. 20.
Advices from Zurich state that the Rumanians are pre- paring an offensive beyond the Dniester with the object of joining up with General Denizin's left wing
Latest information shows that the Bolshevik forces on the fronte consist of fifteen armies, of whom 39,000 men are on the North Russian front, 167.000 on the West Russian, 146,000 on the South Russian and 133,000 on the Eastern fronts. It is estimated that there are 727,000 additional troops in the interior.
It is semi-oficially learned that an agreement has been. reached at Bakharest, between the Ukrainian mission des- patched by General Petliura and the Rumanian Government whereby the latter, will accord the former free passage of munitions and supplies. The contracting parties undertaka not to take up arms against each other. Romania agrees to interpret the Ukrainian wishes at the Peace Conference. The agreement will largely strengthen the Ukraine's struggle against the Bolshevists.
London, August 21.
A War Ofice message from Murmansk (August (20). says: Our troops attacked the enemy seven miles south of Kapasolga. The enemy was driven out of his positions and pursued southwards several miles. In Shunga peninsula the Rus ians dispersed the enemy, taking fifty-nine prison- ers. East.of Lake Onega two enemy forces attempting to attack a village in our possession lost direction and attacked each other, suffering heary losses.
London, August 23. Telegrams from Helsingfors state that the British naval operations at Kronstadt covered a wide range, units of trawler and 'seaplanes 'ceaselessly keeping the "enemy on the Bolshevist minefield, where ultimately an action was fought. This was -precipitated by a combined" bombard- ment and air raid causing confiagations at the forts and on shore and forcing the Bolshevik warships to put to sea where the motorboats were awaiting.
Paris, August 92.
A British note has been received informing the Council of the formation of the North-western Russian Government, cabled last week, and stating that the Esthonian Government refused to co-operate in the advance on Petrograd unless the Conference recognised Esthonia's complete independence, General Gough, British representative in the Baltic pro- vinces, urgently recommended compliance with Esthonia's demand, otherwise the whole movement might collapse. A note from Marshal Foch was read, pointing out that the German Government refused to comply with four out of the £ve points laid down as regards the evacuation of the Baltic States. The situation is not improved by the departure of Von der Goltz for Berlin as the army being formed under Prince von Lieven is apparently merely a reincarnation of Von der Goltz's army. The Council decided to direct Gen- eral Gough to ensure German execution of the demands.
THE GOLIATH.
Paris, August 21. Genuine anxiety as to the fate of the Farman aerobna Goliath is felt in official circles in Paris. Nothing ina been heard from the airship since August 16. Hopes are still en tertained among the optimists that they have landed in the interior sad are unable to communicate. Havas
Paris, August 22, Although there is still no news of the great aeropisan
ich few, from Pazis for Casablanca French
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EARLIER TELEGRAMS.
BRITAIN'S TRADE AND INDUSTRY.
London, August 2-
Mr. Lloyd George has issued a lengthy summary of the Government's policy relating to trade, industry and labour, as announced in bix. speech on August 19, emphasising afresh the points made on that occasion. It declares the Government is deeply impressed with the evidence tender ed to the Coal Commission and the necessity for ameliorating the unsatisfactory social and housing conditions of the miners.. Any scheme of reorganisation of industrý must ensure suficient coal supplies at such cost as to enable the export trade of the Country to be maintained and extended A committee will be immediately established to inquire into the diminution of vatput. As regards the trade policy steps will be taken to promote industrial research and invention and increasing efficiency by developing technical education. Increased output will be stimulated by pro- paganda. The importance of the principle and practice of standardisation is emphasised. It is proposed to establish a Department of Standards to promote and co-ordinate stand- ardisation" generally and administer all necessary testing institutions, and to authorise and supervise the testing carried out by technical institutions, trade organisations or private concerns.
1
Paris, August 21.
Begarding the speech by Mr. Lloyd George the impres on among French circles is frankly one of great dis- appointment as the British Cabinet since the armistice has practised an Imperial policy. Mr. Lloyd George' stated nothing definite about Ireland, and the English in Turkey in Asia or as regards Franco-British relations Havas
FRENCH ELECTRIC POWER,
M. Stol, Under Secretary for Public that France should use her great
the
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storehous
ovide ad annus: savir