1919-08-25 — Page 3

MORE GERMANS FOR TRIAI

MANT U-BOAT OFFICERS.

The chief topic of conversation in the Lobby yesterday (says the Times of July 5) was again the Prime Minister's announcement that the trial of the Kaiser would be held in London. *--

It is understood that the request for the surrender of the Kaiser by the Dutch Government will not be made by the Allies until the special tribunal h⚫s not only been constituted, but is actually sitting. None of the five Judges, who will be selected by each of the Allied Great Powers, has yet been appointed, and no decision on the personnel of the Court can be taken until the Peace Treaty has been formally ratified: It may again be emphasized that the Allied- Governments do not anticipate any difficulty in securing the surrender of the Kaiser by the Dutch Government. Although punishment is in the discre tion of the Court, it is understood that the, Allies- will not press for the death penalty. They argue that ther do not wish to present the Gér- mans with a "martyr" ready- made. In their view detention for life would be a more severe punishment. Finally, it is stated that there is little likelihood of the Kaiser's being lodged in the Tower of London, before" and during his trial. It is more likely that a secure retreat will be found for him in the country

The Kaiser, however, is not the only wrongdoer among our late enemies whom the Allies have decided to bring to justice. The Peace Treaty provides for the trial of a large number of less highly placed Germans who are accused of having committed acts in violation of the laws and customs of war. The British

Admiraty. for example, has handed in a list of 71 German pavalofficers and others, includ- ing many submarine commanders, who are charged with specific acts of barbarity. The offences for which these persons will be tried include the bombard- ment of open ports on the English coast, submarine acts of excep tional callousness, the inception and conduct of submarine warfare generally, and the laying of mines

ander illegal conditions. Some of the persons named in the list are actually in British custody.

Every Allied Government has a list of its own, and the complete tally of persons to be handed over to the Allies for trial will be com- municated to the German Govern- ment within a month. of the coming into force of the Treaty.

tico

MILITARY TRIBUNALS. These persons will be tried by a different form of tribunal from that which will be constituted for the trial of the Kaiser. He will be tried by a special tribunal of five Judge-a sort of super-Civil Court. His former subjects will be brought before military ~tribunals, and if found guilty, they will be sentenced to punishments Maid down by law. "There

will be

distinct types of military tribunals. Persons accused of criminal acts against the nationals of one of the Allies will be brought before The military tribunals of that Power. Persons accused of -criminal acts agains the nationals

of more than one of the Allies. will be brought before joint milit- ary tribunals, composed of mem- bers of the tribunal of the Powers concerned. In every case the accused person will be entitled to name his own counsel,

It has not yet been finally decided where hese tribunals shall sit. It is clear, however, that the national tribunals will try the persons"brought before them on their own soil. The British military tribunals, for instance, will probably sit in London. It is felt, however, that it would be wise to give them discretion to sit on occasion in France or Flanders for the con- venience of witnesses, many of whom are to be found in the zone of our old campaigning ground. It is understood that will be necessary to pass a Bill to set up the British tribunal. It is possible that the inter-Allied tribunal will sit in Paris, which would seem to be the most con- venient centre for the grim business in hand,

it

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EARLIER TELEGRAMS.

EUROPEAN ECONOMIC CRISIS.

Paris. August

Mr. Hoover has returned from a tour of Central Eur ope and has reported to the Supreme Council explaining the grave coal situation in Europe as the result of the strikes in Silesia. He dealt with the situation in Hungary,

Reporting to the Council Mr. Hoover stated that wa less the widest, almost autocratic, powers were given to deal with the coal situation in lesia nothing can save Eur- ope from an economic and political crisis. Most of the troubles in Austria Hungary are directly traceable to the world coal crisis. Food scarcity in Budapest is tremen dous. There are no anaesthetics, antiseptics or dressings at the hospitals, where there are twenty thousand patients. Rickets and tuberculosis have increased appallingly in both countries. Everywhere paper bandages and clothing are used. There are no ointments to treat the skin diseases due to malnutrition of babies. For every ton of coal sent from America to Europe a ton of foodstuffs would be kept in America

SILESIAN SITUATION.

Paris, Aug. 20.

The Supreme Council has received reports showing that the situation in Upper Silesia is very grave, the miners in many parts being in a state of armed insurrection against the German authorities. Strikers have seized the towns of Kallowitz, Press and Jeolin. The French military represen tative in Silesia suggests that troops, under a French Gen- eral, should be despatched and the Polish Government con- The latest news from Berlin claims that the situation'is improving and work is partly resuming.

cur.

Berlin, Agust 2

The conference between the German Government and the Polish Mission, attended by the French General Dete pont, decided that the Germans refrain from further exec tions in Silesia. An inter-Allied Commission will proceed to Silesia to-day. The Polish Mission at Berlin will pro- ceed to Warsaw to-day until the inter-Allied Commission has reported. The Polish Mission publisher a" statement. declaring that the movement in Silesia is not Bolshevik, but a protest, against the protracted state of siege and German oppression, provoking a strike of both Poles and. 'Germans, which the excesses of the troops transformed into a revolt.

Paris, August 20

43

The Council has decided to inform all concerned that the German Government is entitled to maintain order in Up per Silesia until the ratification of the Peace Treaty. Polish troops cannot be allowed to enter the country unless requested by Germany. The Council decided to send a mir- sion to the disturbed region to report the measures neces 4sary to restore order, also to accelerate the formation of the inter-Allied Commission which will control the country during tho plebiscite.

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AUGUST

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EARLIER TELEGRAMS.

PRESIDENT, POINCARE'S TOUR.

Paris, August 22, Continuing his journey through, Alsace Lorraine, Pre- sident Puncare conferred the Cross of the Legion of Honour on Phalibourg and Strasbourg which distinguished them- selves by their gallant resistance to the Germans" in 1970. The President said the soul of Strasbourg was like that of Alsace. It was immortal and could never be enslaved by

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"UKRAINIAN ELECTIONS,

London, August 22

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