PAGE 4-HONGKONG_DAILY PRESS
FALL OF BARDIA:
ATLANTIC
GERMANS CLAIM MORAL TORPEDOING VICTORY FOR ITALIANS!
LONDON, Jan. 8 (Reuter)-"A lost cause" is the phrase used by the Boersen Zeitung commenting on the fall' of Bardia
The newspaper is quoted by the official agency which says "General Bergonzoll is a tried soldier from the Spanish war and at Bardia his troops fought for a lost cause to hold off the British offensive as long as possible and give the Libyan Army time to re-group-a task which, they have performed against a vast superiority in men and materials.
RECALLED
"BENARES" HEROINE]
AWARDED O.B.E.
LONDON, Jan. 8 (Reuter) — Miss Mary Allee Clara Cornish, the heroine of the liner City of Benares, has been awarded the medal of the Order of the British "The defenders were only over-Empire for meritorious service. come by a massed trnk attack The liner was torpedoed by a
TONS OF BOMBS after they had run out of munt-German submarine and sank to
DROPPED ON TRIPOLI
DIRECT HIT SCORED ON MOTOR VESSEL
tions. This affords convincing the Atlantic last September while proof that in spite of reserves in carrying children Leugees and the subsidiary. theatre of war in other passengers to Canada. A North Africa, the fighting spirit total of 260 Uves were ·lust in of the Italians is the same as cluding 79 children ever.
M
GENERAL
COUNTERING EFFECTS
OF BOMB BLAST.
SPONGE-RUBBER ARMOUR AGAINST
THE BLOW TO THE LUNGS
1
A brilliant research by Dr. S. Zuckerman, of Oxford," who is Professor Designate of Anatomy in the University of Birming- ham, has virtually settled the question of how blast from ex- plosions kills and has suggested a means by which its effects may be minimised. He has carried out a series of experiments for the Ministry of Home Security on the effects of blast from the explosion of 701b, charges of high explosives. The results of his work suggest that no one should be killed at-distance "of more than eighteen feet from the exploding charge and that no one should be hart in any observable was at distances of more than Afty feet, from the explosion.
per square
Of course. In these explosions When the expanding shell there were no flying splinters, be rushes past it leaves a rarefaction cause the explosive was not en-of the air behind which lasts Mr. Ronald Machell Cooper, cased in a metal container. so about five times as long as the "While the British gain a mili-Fourth Offer of the liner. has there was nothing except blast to initial short period of high pres tary victory, the Italians gain a been appointed a member of the do any damage. The experiments sure, but as the pressure due to moral victory.
O.B.E. The official account states show that the direct effect of blast this suction effect can never ex- "The only thing that is really that Cooper got his boat away is extremely local, and this agrees ceed that of the atmosphere. CAIRO, Jan. 8 (Reuter)-Tripo:i,
15lb. the from the sinking ship and largely with deductions from. theory, for which is only 750 miles west of Bardla, was important and decisive is
battle again raided heavily
for Britain which their through his courage and seaman the pressures produced by an ex-inch. its effects are generally much R.A.F. Dy
losing day by day in ship, the bombers on the night bf January troops are
boat, with 48 persons plosion fall off extremely rapidly less violent. and around Britain
with increasing distance their laboard, was brought safely through 8-7,
CAPRICIOUS EFFECTS "Moreover the despatch of Ger- eight days of sailing in the At-
source. Several tons of bomus Well
The capricious effects of blast, dropped among the motor vessels an air formations to Italy shows lantic. all, the
LUNGS THE DANGER-SPOT occupants being
which everyone has noticed, "are Blast injures men and animals due to the many complex com- In the centre of the harbour, that hopes of forcing 2 decision rescued.
by damaging their lungs. Three binations in which these three causing a series of explosions and by attacking Italy with the whole
Miss Cornish was one of the explanations ut this effect clouds of smoke, states a com- strength of the British Empire are
hava pressures can act both directly an munique issued from the R.A.F. lusory. The Axis is a unit in "escorte" travelling in charge of been suggested, but Dr. Zucker-after reflections from walls and Headquarters in the Middle East
politics, ideals and. above all, in the children. When the liner wus man has now proved that the in- other obstacles. In some situa- One direct hit was registered military matters."
struck, ale assembled on deck the jury is due to the impact of the tlons the internal pressure of the children for whom she was respon-pressure wave of the blast on the gas in the expanding shell has the
amidships on a large motor vesse and was followed by explosions.
Several smiali
probably hi
SWEDISH COMMENT
PLAYED GAMES
STOCKHOLM, Jan. 8 (Reuter) /sible and then returned below to/body walls, which leads to a bruis (major effect, in others the wind
cargo ships were "Bardia's fall is
see. If there were any others, in particularly
need of ald, heavy blow for Graziani, who has
While the party now lost over half the land forces Miss Cornish
for the defence of
MANY FIRES
Fires were caused among the available customs buildings and wharves. Crenaica." Much damage was caused to the correspondent" power station.
Tidningen. All British aircraft returned
safely
||
The communique adds that further raid
of
Stockholm's
was at
sca,
devoted herself to
the
THURSDAY, JANUARY 9, 1941.
They Steered by the Stars
To the rovers who steered by the stars every storm cloud was a menace. Today, a future steered just by hope and desire is at the mercy of the unexpected.
To give you known points on which to chart a course, nothing can take the place of Life Insurance. It sweeps uncertainties from your path. -leaves you free to concentrate on work or leisure with a tranquil mind,
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THE
MANUFACTURERS LIFE
INSURANCE COMPANY
HEAD OFFICE ·
Swatow General Agents: Messes. Carr
Ramsey & Son, Ltd.
Special Representativer C. RW. Thomsen. Macao: F. J. Norvuka, Agtel
ing of the lungs.
pressure, in others still the suction The blast gives the chest or back pressure and of course all three or sides a great punch, and the will act together in varying de- transmission of this blow through grees of strength. Thus it is often HONG KONG OFFICE: WINDSOR HOUSE the body disrupts the delicate very difficult to foresee at any Manager, E.J. R. MITCHEL!, Tal. 2060F. writes the militar saving the children, massaging tissues of the lungs
them to preserve circulation, en-
particular place the resultant This suggested that if the bocy direction in which blast will act. couraging them in exercises and were wrapped in a coat which Inventing oneertul games until the would absorb the punch of
The same difficulty arose in at- party was rescued
blast the lungs would be protected tempting to explain the damage to the lungs by blast. One suggestion from injury. Dr. Zuckerman ac-
was that the suction "wave lowered cordingly experimented with varl- ous thicknesses of sponge-rubber. piratory passages, and so exposed the pressure of the air in the res- He found that with a sufficient the fine tubes or capillaries to an thickness of covering little or no internal pressure which disrupted injury results
It may be concluded that if perdistended the lungs with air, like them. A second was that the blast sons wear a thick sponge-rubber an overpumped football, and this coat they will be well protected produced lesions. A third sugges-
"The British are 80 superior that the continuation of offensive operations is possible if supplies was carried out on are easured by sea-which Tobruk by R.A.F. heavy bombers.be done unless strong Italian and Widespread fires were caused. German air units are put into the visible from 30 miles away, among struggle
car
barracks, stores, sheds and motor "It is hardly kely. however, transport concentrations.
that a strong German air force The RAF. aircraft returned could be based in Africa without loss to their bases.
the distance
U.S. Troops "Occupying" Greenland
while
from Italy makes
New Addition
To Britain's
Air Strength
LONDON, Jan. 8 (Reuter)
effective and continuous bombing A new type of plane is being add. against blast, and it would seemtion that the injury. Is due to the fed to Britain's air strength and that fighting men, air-raid war-impact of the pressure wave on
In Africa doubtful."
UNFOUNDED CLAIMS
LONDON, Jan.
dens, and is expected to play a useful part
others in particularly the body wall, which transmits a exposed positions should wear a in the war. B (Reuter) - A light twin-engined bombe necessary, however, tor persons in
coat of this sort. It would not be damaging blow to the lungs, has only recently been conclusively atter yesterday's Italian BOTHAI and is the result of ex latively well protected from blast periments carried out at one of and if they suffer injury from communique says that three
the most important aeroplane, bombs it is far more likely to be factories in this country.
due to splinters or crushing."
An official statement issued in the new plane is to be known as shelters or houses, as they are re/proved to be correct. The re-
Rome.
of
the British warships which bomb- STOCKHOLM, Jan. 8 (Reuter-arded Bardia were sunt. American troops are "occupying"
In addition, says the statement. Greenland and
American Police a liner was sunk and two cruisers are posted in the town of Ivigtut.
a submarine, destroyers, a gun- according to kryolite miners who
boat and a monitor have
were barily
hagen.
They stated that communica- tors with Denmark, to which an statements Greenland belongs, have been
founded practically broken off and that rationing of food had been in..
just returned to Copen-damaged.
Reuter carns in authoritative. quarters bere that all these ta
wholly un-
are
operation since last April though Nuisance". Raiders
there was no shortage.
..
Steamers of the Hudson Bay Company were carrying miscel- laneous supplies to points in west Greenland.
The miners travelled to Copen- hagen by way of America, Portugal and Dermany.
Active: Series Of London Alerts
-
LONDON, Jan. 8 (Reuter) For the second night in succes- sion there was no enemy äir activity over Britain up to a late
GERMAN-BULGAR our last night.
RELATIONS
Its performance and "armament are close secrets at present.
יד
valuable result show how science searches which have led to this can often give quick answers to problems whose answers" have re- mained uncertain for decades if only determined efforts, are made
Dr. Zuckerman and his col- leagues have found that the pre-to use it, It is a general reconnaissance sence of any serious degree of and torpedo bomber and power càmage to the lungs through blast ed by two Perseus engines.
may be detected by X-ray 'ex- aminations. This is of great prac- tical interest, because persons who have been bombed and have not been hit by splinters or crushed by masonry may be found in a state) of collapse.
BLITZ EXPERT FOR RUMANIA
They would appear to be sufler-
Commanded Troops ng from a psychological distur
In Polish War
Ceremonial Sword For Gen. Wavell
bance, while the actual cause of LONDON, Jan. 8 (Reuter) the collapse may be due to damage Orange growers in Palestine have BELGRADE, Jan. 8 (Reuter) - to the lungs. If this is not de- shown their appreciation of the Field Marshal List, one of Ger-tected the application of anaesthe-success of the Western Desert many's blitzkrieg experts, is totics may be attended by serious campaign by sending 10,000 cases arrive in Rumania 'shortly with a results. Persons suffering from of oranges and grape fruits to staff of five generals to take over collapse, without apparent injury the troops,
the command of the German should therefore be examined by 4. warm tribute to General Sir truopa there, says a Bucharest X-rays as soon as possible to see Archibald Wavell himself is pro German "nuisance" raiders were dispatch last night
whether their lungs are damaged.ided by an Iraqi Shelk who has over London and parts the Field Marshal List
There is reason to suppose that even a ceremonial sword. l'east coast regions at intervals the German troops in the Polish the healing process in lungs injur-
curing the day taking advantage campaign.
éd by blast is rapid if the injury
of
commanded
NEGATIVE RESULT for the low-lying snow clouds and Baron Manfred von Killinger.is not very severe.
Keneral weather conditions which the new German Minister to Ru.
Bucharest OI,
I.
A Rumanian Commission
15
OF NEGOTIATIONS apparently kept both Eritish and mania is due in STOCKHOLM, Jan. 8 (Reuter)-German planes grounded during Bunday. No tresh German-Bulgarian nego-the night.
and
HOW BLAST WORKS When a charge of high explosive is detonated a shell or narrow zone of highly compressed gas is immediately formed around It.
cause of blast, expands at an
tiations for agreements are to be A few bombs were dropped here considering various questions stili This spherical shell, which is the expected according to information in Berlin, states a dispatch to the and there, some in streets, caus-pending between Rumania newspaper Svenska Dagbladet.
The delicacy of Bulgaria's sitan tion is emphasised by the Berlin correspondent of the Stockholm Tidningen. With opposing inter- ests seeking to infuence him, he says, it is unlikely that the Bul- karlan Prime Minister will leave the country at present.
me some civilian casualties. Lon-the Soviet including the repa enormous speed. For instance, if of Bessarabians from the charge is 601b. the shell is ex- doners carried on uninterrupted triation with the day's work despite the Ruinanta and Rumanians from panding at the rate of 1,500 feet. series of short alerts.
Bessarabia:
There had been reports that M. Floff, who is fl, would leave Bul-
Naval Officer Loses Life In
Thames Rescue Attempt
Reen
that. Bulgaria perhaps is relying crashed on Sunday, died soon ed. on Russian support if she resists afterwards from exposure. the German demands.
the
per second when it is already thirty feet from the centre of ex- plosion..."
If any object is placed in its path it may be exposed to various pressures In the first place, for the period of a few thousandths of
LONDON, Jan. 8 (Reuters was being launched from
a second when it is actually with- in the shell it will receive a près- garia in order to obtain medical A naval commander, who dived Haslemere, those on board Jaw treatment elsewhere,
Into the sea in ап attempt to two survivors from the aircraft sure equal to that of the highly The correspondent further states save a man
compressed gas within the thick- the water in the sea, One of In
these was that German and Russian interests after the plane in which the Bri-seen to be a woman, but she kankness of the shell, which will be of do not coincide in Bulgaria and tish airwoman
Amy Johnson before a rescue could be attempt-the order of several pounds per square inch. As the shell of gas is moving rapidly, it will also exert Lieut.Commander Fletcher dived a pressure on the object In virtuë He was Lieut-Commander W. E. overboard from the Haslemere in of its motion beads. Its internal BELATIONS STRAINED
the life of Fletcher, commanding the British an attempt to save
pressure. BERNE. Jan. 8 (Reuter)- It is
the other survivor.: Fletcher was trawler Haslemere.
This second pressure, due to the understood that Herr von Ribben-
seen to reach the man and he motion, is exerted in the form of While forming part of tile trop. the Nazi Foreign Minister,
was supporting him in the water. a powerful wind on the object. saw M. Filoff, the Bulgarian Prime escort of a convoy of the Thames
Later a naval motor launch Ar-But this wing will act only on Minister, on Sunday, states the Estuary the Haslemere
rived on the scene and picked up bodies that lie across its path. If. Berlin correspondent of the Baxter parachute descending through the Fletcher, who
unconscious the shell of compressed gas hits a low clouds. An acroplane then and rutering from extreme ex-wall edge on the surfaces of the Nachrichten
The refusal of the Wilhelm-landed on the water
near the haustion and exposure.
wall will offer no obstruction to strasse to discuss the state of parachute.
No trace could be found of the the wind effect and will receive The weather was Bulgaro-German relations, how-
bad at the man or woman who had been only presures due to the internal ever, indicates that the negotia- time with a heavy sea"running. [seen in the water.
premure of the gas in the moving tions had a negative result. Rela-and the aircraft immediately be- Fletcher died soon after arriving shell, which, as has already been tions remain very strained
gan to break up. While a boat in hospital. -'
mentioned, may be high.
Saw
was
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