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HONG KONG DAILY. PRESS. TUESDAY, OCTOBER " 5, 1937.
AIR
DEFENCE
Unity Or Duality?
(BY AIR COMMODURE L. E. O, CHARLTON.)
The result of the Fleet Air Arm inquiry as to whether the Navy should be granted complete and absolute control of this portion of the Royal Air Force is not yet known in a sense of wide publicity. This may happen before these words appear in print. Whatever the decßion may be, however, and, although nalterable until put to the acid test of war, those who fervently believe that: to do this thing would be a huge mistake will not cease the en- deavour to make their voices heard in protest.
Among them is Brig.-Gen. P. R., C. Grovės, so well known for his book "Behind the Smoke Screen," as also for his forcible Press ar- ticles on the wide subject of air
put forward is that this dual con- troi would at least serve to re establish our naval control of the Mediterranean, lost for the time being to Italy, which possesses the
ar crystal strongest local
force. The 13 false! The many argument. lengths of narrow water in that sea would woefully increase the al- ready large enough vulnerability to air bombardment of the aircraft carrier, and all our shipping could be denied a passage unless we had
گران
AIR TOUR OF BRITAIN
In Search Of Scrap
Iron
A 10-day air tour of Great Britain to check the progress being made in the national Scrap Cam- paign-which aims at collecting all scrap iron and steel to help national rearmament-is being made by two representatives of the British Iron and Steel Corpora- tion.
They will cover 3,000 miles in their survey in search of data which will determine future plans for collecting scrap from home sources.
They will visit some 20 towns during their fight including Leeds, Middlesborough. Glasgow. Belfast, Manchester,
Birmingham and Swansea, where there are head- quarters of the Scrap Merchants' Associations,
expressed with power, clarity. Finding that his views on this particular matter were unac- ceptable to the Press at large, he has recently produced a pamphlet, "Unity or Duality in the Air," published at his own expense and distributed to all those, including Members of Parliament, whose the use of territory close at hand
Another abject will be to explore opinion might carry weight. I on which to base the operations of the opportunities available for have it before me now and am our main air power. Unity of con- | voluntary collectors of old iron to happy to express my entire control is just as necessary for Im-take part in this national effort. A currence with all it has to say. It perial as for national defence, and great number of boy scouts, men- amounts to a convincing argument. for long now the Middle Eastern bers of the British Legion, clergy- The writer points out at the be-area, served over its whole extent men and others have already glaning that the one indispensable by Inter-linking Air Force stations, offered to assist and it is desired condition for security is adequate
has been a single unit defensively to co-ordinate their activities air defence for the British Isles, the considered.
so as not to encroach upon the island centre of our Empire. But
livelihood of small dealers. aircraft development has been such, and is still proceeding, that no part of Great Britain, or the home waters which surround it, is outside the range of Continental air force. Our merchant shipping could thus be sunk in wholesale fashion in tidal waters or in port without the Navy being able to lift a hand for their protection, or for that of any other nerve centres so attacked. Sea-borne air force. because of the vulnerability of carriers and because land machines must of necessity be finally super- lor in number, size, and power, can never match the shore.based: air- craft.
COMMENSURABLE VALUE Constituted as it is at present. only a Cabinet decisión can avail to detach any part of the Fleet.
HONG KONG BASE
CONSEQUENCES
And the same applies to the Far East, for Hong Kong, our main naval base In Chinese waters, is now within two hours' flight of the of Japan. Formosan air bases
This tedious business of having Some contend that, even so, there are vast ocean stretches, beyond to try to write English when you're the range of any shore-based air- not very sure how it's done can craft, in which the Navy alone be made much more pleasant if It is a can protect our commerce, and you treat it as a game.
för that must.
of aj form
(Fretty reason, have
consequences Then let them Fanny Adams met dangerous Mr. stronger air arm.
The have it! The present system is not Hoxley in Petticoat Alley). to blame for this unsatisfied re- idea is to save the printer's time quirement of theirs. The remedy and give your readers something la in Admiralty hands, for the to unravel.
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Fleet Air Arm is provided out of "Coin-spinner Alex James" is 'a Navy Estimates and the Sea Lords recent example. Then there are have only to agitate for more "Mars-defter Anthony Eden" "art- money to obtain as much as they purger Goering," "sabotage- require.
squasher Stalin," "championship- Another cogent reason for main- Į forestaller Fart," "bank-rustier. Air Arm from the Navy for any taining the status quo," particu- Aberhart," "John Bull-spurner de
whatsoever. purpose
Supposing.larly in view of our vast financial Valera," and "Judge-jostler. Roose- then, that London, an objective commitments for rearmament, isvelt." Peter Simple in the "Mor- compared to which no other city. the huge and extra expense in-ning Post." in the world possesses a commen- volved by the duplication of es- surable value, were being subjected tablishments at home and else- to air bombardment and were in where which separation would en- extremity. is it likely that the re- tall. The varicus training schools tention of considerable numbers of required, the outlay on aerodromes fighting aircraft for the protection and buildings, Initial and recurrent, of our naval bases, especially the and the added staffs and services South Coast harbours, which are so would mean a great addition to short a dight from the Metropolis, expenditure in a period of financial would be tolerated for a moment? stress. Above all, the old story of And, that being so, what possible ruinous competition between the point can there be in separation Services for a sharing out of the when such a polley must be over-
available resources would be re- ruled in hurry and confusion, with told, so detrimental to a real e- the added risk of mistaking identi- clency and so wastefül In Its met- ties in the air owing to lack of co-hods. For this, in sum, was the ordination, in a contingency the reason for the establishment of an likeliest of all to happen at the Air Force as a third and indepen- outset of the next. world' war?
dent arm of defence. In the days of the war a fierce inter-depart- mental competition, quitè unrelated to the country's needs, divided the market for material and personnel. Are we to see a repetition of that woebegone spectacle on the next occasion?
SPECIALISED DUTIES
It is, perhaps, not generally ap- preciated that with the naval claim for separation goes a general res- ponsibility for coastal defence as well. This appears on the face of It to be almost incredible lack of thinking power! The bombers will range in from their 'overses ap- proach, flight at a speed of 300 miles an hour. How can there be One wonders what the Admiralty any possible line of demarcation really want. They can have the between a coastal and an inland aircraft for the asking; specialized area in circumstances such as duties calling for a background of↑ those? They will come, for pre-naval experience are now perform- ference, in mist and cloud anded by Navy personnel on a Service darkness, and to them their own basis entirely at the Admiralty's intentions will be plain How cholce; essential training for the could joint-action, or effective co- other duties, bombing, torpedo at ordination, both vital for success, tack, and combat in the air, is be achieved between the units of common either over sea or over two distinct air forces, each dif- land. What do they really want? ferently trained and..equipped and │A certain admiral of distinction cach acting under a separate set has already made a remarkable of orders?
pronouncement on the subject. "It
ECONOMY OF FORCE
is improper," he remarked; "that the Royal Air Force should be in- As well might there be distinctruded into the domestic life of the tion between the North Sea and Navy.” Can that be a sample of Atlantic in the ocean regions where the mental attitude by which the their waters join. Separation is insistence on dúality has been utterly opposed to the principle of evoked? Or are the words of Sir economy of force, and in conftet John Salmond, In a letter to the as well with the need for the fullest "Sunday Times" last year, even exploitation of the speed and more to the point. This is what flexibility of air operations properly he said: "The system is not at conceived. Only a homogeneous fault when the comprehensive view air force, trained and equipped ons taken that it forms part of the a unifying principle and operated greater pattern of air défence of from a single centre, can suffice to these islands and the Empire. The ensure the observárice of these hard and fast laws of air strategy which know of no exception..
Thus it is patent that dual con- trol in. the air would be a itself alone."" hindrance, rather than assistance,
to our home defence, not, only "as affecting London and, other main
Admiralty would destroy that pat- teri for the sake of a parochial and possessive instinct which demands
a huge segregation of air units to
nerve centres, attack on which At Aldershot the other day a would be a menace to the nation's senior drum-major threw his staf will to war, but also inclusive of into the air and dropped it. This our naval bases, and, indeed, the certainly supports the contention Meet itself when stationed in home of that Polish scientist that the waters, An argument sometimes world is coming to an end.
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