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THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 22nd,. 1928.
THE UNIVERSE.
HOW BIG IS IT?
SOME OF THE NEW
ventor
THEORIES.›.
Science is creating a new vision of the universe, writes a Scientific correspondent of the Manchester "Guardian. The old vision dated from the time of Descartes, the in- of co-ordinate geometry, and the medieval and classical visions (Milton's) from before then. In Milton's cosmology a small comparatively civilised universe was ciceled round about by Chaos and Old Night" the invention of Descartes's co-ordin- ate axes caused the kingdoms of Chaos and Old Night" to be prospected and colonised, the native potentates suddenly being relieved of their sceptres in the name of geometry and order,
INDIAN TITLES.
WHAT THEY MEAN,
[BY LIEUT-GENERAL SIK GEORGE MACHONS, (Formerly Commander-in-Chief 'in Mesopotamia and Quartermaster-
General in India).L.
suminar
A
Every
considerable sumber-of-Fading princes and nobles come over to England, and this year, owing to the Conference of Ruling Princes, that number in greater than usual.
*HONG KONG POLICE RESERVE.
[ORDERS BY THE HON. ME, D. C WOLFK, Q.M.O, CAPTATY SUPER- --> INTENDENT OF POLICE.) -
Police Training School, The weekly classes for Police.
Reservists at the Police Training School, Kowloon, will be held on Tuesdays. August £1st and Auxust 25th, at 8 p.m. sharp. All members of the Chinese and Indian Com panies, and of the Flying Squad who have not yet passed Part II. To the British public unac-of Training Course must attend.
Squad Drill, quainted with the East, their titles and distinctions are always a mat- ter difficult to follow, while those titles are even purling to pro. nounce. When we remember that India has 320 million people, and class on 700 ruling princes, who to gether govern two-fifths of India, and who have come from many races, it will not be hard to under- stand that these titles are also many and varied.
Those with which the public is LIO Maharajah, most familiar Bajah, Nawab, and Jam, the latter, since the days of Ranjitsinji, the Jam of Nawanagar, and his happy cricketing famé.
The idea of co-ordinate geometry is quite simple. If you havO A framework of three straight lines, like the edges at the corner of a box, fixed in space, then the posi- tion of any point in space is known if you know its distances from the three straight lines, just
Now Bajah sad Maharajah are as you know the position of a bub- ble in a soap box if you know the Hindu titles, meaning Ruler and distances of the bubble. from three Great Ruler, and the holders of sides forming a corner of the box- these titles are either actually rul- The three co-ordinate lines can be ing princes or have had these titles pushed out into the most remote bestowed on them as a personal corners of the universe, like Roman distinction conferred for great ser- roads into a barbarian land. So vices. Rajah is pronounced with the first "a" deep and broad, and long as straight lines behave as Euclid and we were accustomed to nearly rhymes with larger," and suppose, there is no reason why the is not pronounced, as people love lines should not continue towards to do, to rhyme with badger." Infinity. As the universe seemed The first "a" of "Maha" is like necessarily to stretch beyond the the "a" is father. Their princesses co-ordinate lines, and be bigger are Rani and Maharani respective than any apparatur of the Ir, and the "a" of Rani is also imagination, it seemed quite deep and broad. Nawab is the title natural to Виррова that theof a Mahommedan chief, whether universe is infinite.
A ruling prince or a title of honour, equivalent to both Rajah and Maharajah. The first "a is short and the second syllable is broad and deep and rhymes with
•
Prospecting Space. During the last fifty years it has become clear that the universe can-
Nawabin is usually referred to by danh." A Nawab's lady or the Turkish title of Begum, the feminine of Beg
All recruits of the Chinesa, and Indian Companies, and of the Firing Squad will parade at Central Police Station on Thursday, August 23rd, at 3.30 p.m. sharp for Squad: Drill under Sergt. Condon. Dress: Muftic
Chinese Company, Strength-Constable R74 Ng Chi Chow is permitted to resign ander the conditions of Section 19 of the Hong Kong Police Reserve. Ordin ance, 1937, with effect from August 20th.
All advanced men of the Chinese Company will attend at the Central Police Station on Thursday, August 23rd, at 5.30 p.m. sharp for Rifle Exercises, "Extended Order and Baton Drill under Sergt. Condon. Dress: Mufti, rifle, belt, side arins, and truncheon to be carried.
4
WEDNESDAY 29th
FRIDAY 81st AUGUST At 9.15 p.m. THEATRE ROYAL
CECILIA HANSEN
IN
THE WORLD'S GREATEST WOMAN VIOLINIST
TWO VIOLIN RECITALS AT THE PIANO BORIS ZAHKAROEF PRICES:-84, 3 & 2. |BOOKING AT MOUTRIE'S. Diacitor:-A. STROK
(0599
HONG KONG' STOCK EXCHANGE.
CLOSING QUOTATIONS.
Do
August 2182, 1923, B.K. Bank...$1,200 bay, 1,290 sel.
London...£137) nom, Chartered Banka'........... ebay. Mercantile Banks, A. 4o...£36 nom.
Do
U....£14 nom,
Flying Squad. "The weekly instructional patrol of | the Kowloon Section will take place on Tuesday, August 21st.R Fall in at the Tsimatsotani, Fire Brigade Station at 5.30 p.m. sharp. Drets: Khaki uniform.
There will be no instructional patrol of the Hong Kong Section on Thursday, August 23rd.
Sharpshooters' Company. Promotions:-The following mem- bers been appointed Crown Ser- bers of the Sharpshooters' Company geants with effect from August- 18th:
་་
Banks
Aria Hazz*....................$77 bay. Cautos Insurances.....63 Bore Union Insuranos.........$354, buy, North China, Ins.fi. 146 ony.
Xangure insurances......M. $30 nom. China Underwriters ...fa, buy. China Firs Insurancsa.....$250 buy. Hong Kong Fire Ins... $750 bay... Douglasa nikii nom. H.. Steamboats............. bay. Lado-China (Pre) 35 bay, HK. lag*********
(Del.) 70 ĐỘ L
110/- buy Shell Transports Waterboatd...nou.....1201 buy.
$215 boy. Katian Mining Auria........08/- som. Langkate (combined)....... 11 sol. Du (angle) Tie of sol.
23. 2.45 nom. Bha Explorations.....11. Shanghai Lote 3, nom.
..$4.85 buy. ..17/6 nom.
1911 bay, ....$58 nom. buy, 54
Benguets
Constable R402 C. A. Grimes, - Constable R406 A. W. Grimmitt. Constable Race W. F. Field. Jam is the title of a ruler from The regular monthly revolver certain western States in the practice will take place on Kennedy vicinity of Sind, on the coast, and Road Range on Sunday, August is used by both Hindu and Mabom 28th, at 10a.m. Memebrs will as medan.
semble on the range with belts, Tronch It is pronounced as the English word jam."
Uniform An alter holsters and revolvers.
optional.
not be surveyed perfectly exactly by so simple s means as three lines at right angles to each other, neglecting time altogether. In the last analysis, space and time can- not be separated in the study of the position of things in the universe, though one would have thought that the position of a thing in the universe was purely a matter of space and had nothing native to Rajak and Maharajah is to do with time. Consequently, it has been necessary to develop a the term Rao and Maherco, Ras system of space-time co-ordinates being pronounced as our row" (a disturbance). They are in use for the purpose of prospecting the
in ...some of the older Rajput universe. Unlike the purely space
States. of Descartes, these co-ordinates
The ancient Mogul term Nizam space-time co-ordinates lead to the is applied to the premier prince discovery that the universe is finite. According to Hubble, the of India, the ruler of Hyderabad It is a Persian in the Deccan. volume of the universe is about title, and is more properly pro- 384,000,000,000 billion billion bil-
nounced with a short "i" and a lion billion cubic miles. A big place! but infinitely smaller than broad, but the English are infinity. Hubble estimates that in the habit of saying Nattam, the the mass of the universe is 90,000 last syllable like "jam." million billion times that of the suni.c., about 180 billion billion
billion billion tons.
The most powerful telescope re veals nebulae about 140 million light-years away. We can see into about one thousand-millionth of
влд
:
Strength:-The
following have been taken on the strength of the Sharpshooters' Company:-
Habe 44
H.K. K. What HAR. & W. Dooks China Providents Hangkew Tis. 5 nom.
***Fla. 156 nom. New Engineering.... Shanghai Dooks *******
Constable R408 S. G. Poole, as Ewa Cotione il* ********128, 100 m.
from August 17th. Constable R400 Y, E. Ho, as from
August 18th.
Constable R411 H. V. Pearse, as
from August 18th..
(Sgd.) W. KENT, A.S.P., Adjutant.
Hong Kong, August. 21st, 1998.
MILL DESTROYED."
AND SLATES.
8 buy. Unental Cottons. The 2.40
2.40 buy. 28. Bʻhat. Uaitons (Cld) asser 51 nom
Do, (HW)....... 27t nom. HLK... & Hotela
$8.80 20
ΔΟΥΣΑ H.K. Lands
5571 sol. Tia. 138 buy, Shanghai Lands Humphreys. Estates......$14.25 nom, H.K. Beation
..87 buy. H.K. Tramwaya
„szi,2) bay, « Peak Trame (old) ....... 13 buy. :"
Bo (
Star Ferries..........
24541 buy.
111.85
Do. (new)
$11.65 bay
Do. (1928 leste)...$11.40 nom.
H.K. Electros (ald) ......150 sal., 49j im.
Jo. (new) Bol.
m
10 China Buses..........kim, 11, bay. Singapore Tractions......10/5 buy. Do. (Prof.)...17/6 bay, China Sugars un 20. Malabon sugarsi nom. Canton Ices......... Uement ou bined)......
But in addition to these bare titles each noble has a string of Persian attributes as part of his £70,000 BLAZE AT BOLTON. | China Laghte (olfy... $114 buy full-dress name, which on formal occasions are read out. They have been conferred by the British or earlier rule. Kipling has a fitting the whole volume of the universe. In rendering of them in his song of DANGER OF FALLING GLASS Macao Metrics.325) bay. that seen portion of the universe the Rajah's funeral pyre there appear to be about two mil-valedictory oration: lion great rebula separated by im- "Friend-of-the-English, Erce-, mense stretches of empty space of about a million and a half light-
These years extent.
are little island-universes, of which the stars Read out in the sonorous Persian we see and the Milky Way form the words sing themselves as they
Dost-i-Inglishia, Our own particular nebula go. seems to be a good deal larger than Bahaduran, and the like. .normal. It contains about 47,000 million stars. According to Shap- ley, and Seares, it is bun-shaped and 300,000 light-years in diameter, the sun being tucked away near the centre of a local cluster 18,000 light-years in diameter.
аде.
The Fifth Dimension...
From-Fear, "Lord of the desert of Jeysul-
mere."
BOLTON. Damage estimated at £70,000 was caused by a fire at an old mill at Bolton, which was completely des- troyed' within three hours of the Bahadur-i-outbreak being discovered.
The mill is owned by Messrs. Blair and Sommer, Ltd., bleachers, Bolton, but is chiefly occupied by Messrs. Hodgkinson and Gilibrand, Ltd., hosiery manufacturers.
The outbreak, which was dis- covered by a Corporation scavenger appeared to have originated in the packing department on the storey next to the top one, and as neither gas nor fire are used it is con- sectured that the fusing of an electric cable was the cause.
The Maharajahs of Gwalior and Indore, whose names are so fami- liar, are usually styled by their family title or cognomen of Sia diah or Holkar, just as the hend of one of the branches of the Camerons would be Lochiei" and Holkar is so called because Why should all the matter in the the first moss-trooping chief who attained the principality came universe have divided itself up from the village of Sol, into millions of fairly uniformly In addition to the more usual sized and distributed systems of titles there are many of interest stars and gas and dust Why to be heard and met when the When the fire brigade arrived, should these systems be about a Viceroy holds some great gather with two engines and full staff, the million and a half light-years ing, and among the most interest-interior was a raging furnace. apart, and why should each aysing is that of Zamorin, held by a tem be about five times as broad southern coastal chief, derived
The fire had secured such a firm
as it is thick, sad contain some from a Persian phrase meaning hold that the men, directed their decades of millions of stars! "Lord of the Sea,"
These astonishing uniformities in
the universe imply that the laws
of mechanics are being obeyed
Smaller
efforts chiefly to saving the adjoin- ing bleachworks. In this they were successful.
The flames spread with such great rapidity that it was obvious from the start that the whole building was doomed Winding frames in. the top storey soon fell through on
these, in turn, crashed through to the ground floor.
baja 19.10, ** Do. (old).....$9 not bo. (now) mebli pair EK. Ropes (old). .................... 18:35 va.
Do. (ROW)0.30 nom. United Asbestos sel. Dairy Farma...$21.50 bay,, 21.40/60 Watsons
....$144 buy, 14.90 sel. Der A. Wings „...............$0.50 kom Lane Crawlords............$2 nom. Mackinto.hu............. 201 Bucere... bay. W Powell.....10 bay. ELK. Amusement.......26 bay. B.K. Constructions ..............bido nom. B'que. Indus. G.$Bands...64% bay, H.K. Gort, Loans .........8% prem, buy, buy-buyera; sel-sellers; sa-nakia ;..
Loominsi.
EXCHANGE RATES.
[BRITISH WIRELESS SERVICE]
Paris
RUGAY, August 90th.
Amsterdamainā
Milan Berlin Stockholm Copenhagen
Oslo,
everywhere, under comparatively out of the nebula stars, and out simple conditions. In the scale of of the stara planets, and out of magnitudes we have first the the planets satellites. universe. The second order of ob things than these nature has bun jects are the great nebula. These dled together in a miscellany of to the knitting machines below, and are approximately uniform in size oddities, until the uniformity of and constitute the second scale of molecules and stoms is reached, magnitude. In the great nebula Ourselves are in the miscellany,
The roof also collapsed in due the chief unit is the star. Like looking round proudly and feeling the great nebule themselves, the little hurt. We regret our site time, and the heat was so terrific aa to crack windows in the neigh- stars have extraordinary unifor- but admire our intelligence. mity, in mass if not in brightness. Where did the primeval cloud bouring houses, the occupants of The stars give the third scale of come from! Possibly from the which wore greatly alarmed. They magnitude. From the stars we fifth dimension! Bir J. H. Jeans were not, however, in any danger. have to plunge down to the puny, considers that the dificulty of er Pouring 2,000 gallons of water a dark and cold objects called plaining the shape of the spiral minute on the conflagration, several planets. These are about one ten arms in the great nebula may only of the Bremen, including Chief thousandth the misss of the Bus be solved by the discovery that the Officer Bentley, ustaized minor.in- Then there are the planete satel-centres of such nebula are taps juries from falling glass and slates. lites, which make a fifth scale of through which matter pours from
The damage to Messrs. Hodgkin- magnitude. Bir J. H Jeans has some other universe into ours. shown that Newton's great specula-Buch matter would appear to us son and Gillibrand's machinery and tion that these uniformities and to have been spontaneously creat stock is estimated at £50,000, and scales are due to gravitational ed. If this should be true, what the destruction of the building and condensation out of a universal of the fifth, dimension 1. What is beetling machines, it is stated, in-Shanghai
fifth volved Messrs. Blair and Summer cloud is possibly trus In the be the hyper universe of the loss of £20,000 About 100 girl ginning was the cloud, and out of dimension like! What sort of en the cloud nebule condensed, and tities populate it? Where did the and 18 men and boys are affected
"(Continued on next Columa). fifth dimension itself come from 1 by the fire.
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