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4
HOW COMMUNISTS CAPTURED. THE
KUOMINTANG.
PHASES OF THE PRESENT STRUGGLE TO CLEAR
THEM OUT.
THE TASK NANKING MUST NOW FACE.
MR. GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY'S ABLE ANALYSIS.
Few writers understand the situation in Chias better than Mr George E. Sokolsky, and he is particularly good in dealing with the whole question of Russian and Communist influence.
The following article from his pea, which we reproduce from" the Yorth China Daily News, traces briefly the history of the rise to power of the extremists their methods, and the problems with which the moderate Nanking party is now faced:
APRIL 27th, 1927.
FACES "RUBBED IN THE │"IN THE MIDST OF LIFE.”
MUD."
HOW SOVIET AGENTS FARE
IN MUKDEN.
CONSULAR COMPOUND, SEARCHED AND OFFI- CIALS IN HIDING.
ANOTHER "IMPRESSION" OF SHANGHAI,
+
[BY ALDOUS HUXLEY.]
Yesterday we published Mr. Diron's hertie" "pieture, of life in Shanghai.
Mr. Aldous Huxley, a really brilliant writer, is a good deal kinder and more discerning.
.
MUKDEY, April 12th. The Soviet Government has com pletely lost ince in Manchuria ́as London is crowded; New York is a result of the raids carried out by a swarming nightmare; the narrow order of Marshal Chang Tso Lin alleys of Naples and Lahore exuber and the subsequent breaking-off of antly pulluinte. But of all the) Sino-Soviet relations, writes cities I have ever seen the nativel North China Daily News correspon- town of Shanghai is the one where dent. Fengpine, that barometer of life seems to me most densely and The moss serious question facing
The Kuomintang Reply..
Manchurian politics, has taken a disquietingly clotted. the Kuomintang is not so much The drastic attacks on the C.P. couple of points to the better, which It is not a question, I think, of the establishment of another Gavin Shanghai, Canton, Swatow and shows that the trading fraternity the mere quantity of people--though ernment at Nanking, as it is the elsewhere south of Shanghai and welcomes the stand against the there are, goodness knows, enough purification of the party of elements the organization of the Nanking Reds. Today the Soviet Consular of the yellow men.
There is some which have acceded to it during the Conference is the Kuomintang re folk were told to clear out of Chi. thing, it seems to me, in the actual prosperous days in Canton. Not ply to the C.P. It is a party reply. nese territory as soon as possible, quality of Chinese life which makes only have the Kuomintang to face The immediate effect is the breaking inasmuch as their pressace was no it seem more formidably vital, more the initial error of Dr. Sun Yat Sen up of the most potent forces at the longer tolerated. On Sunday the dense, so to speak, and massive than in 1923 of admitting Communists to disposal of the Nationalist Govern-compound underwent a searching life elsewhere.
Java, for example, is more thickly join as individual members but they ment, the power of party unity and examination. must also frankly deal with the tional weapona General Chiang
disipline and the use of the ngita- Several of the Soviet agents, populated than China. But never spying, supervising, intriguing Ras- Kai Shek, to prevent the agitational scenting what was coming to them, sian advisers who appear in every weapon from being used against spent. Sunday night in the Japanese army corpa and in every political to take steps to destroy it. The him and his colleagues, was forced
although their homes ares, agency!
Communists are still meeting in located in the International Con- Shanghai and are still planning cession, or the native city, and they strikes and raids, but they have the still are hiding under the invio. soldiers of the Nationalist army against then and these soldiers lability
of the Japanese town. shoot to kill-in spite of party The manager of the Chinese Eastern rules.
Railway Agency here, found sane- tuary in the Parisien Cabaret.
Japanese residents here hold it would be good thing for the
-Russian Adventurera,
In addition to these disintegrat. ing factors the party has attracted to itself political adventurers, Chi nese and foreign, who add to the confusion by their presence and un- Chinese suggestions We have been accustomed to singling out, Comrade Borodin, but he is only one of large group of foreigners, not all of whom are Russians, which the
The question of party unity and discipline is gone because the nctual central organ of the party. is still in Hankow. Nanking can make itself effective not so much
Are
dava are you oppressed by thai sense of strong alien life which overwhelms you at every step in Chidh Dehares is like an anthill; but the European finds no difficulty in keeping his spiritual and up in in China-I speak, at any rate of that city of alien religions Only
my own experience does he feel oppressed by the strange life sur- rounding him.
Kuomintang, through its Com because of its military forces but Japanese police to raid the premises imposed on it by an ancient and
manist wing, accepted from the Third International
The secret, I repeat, lies in the quality of Chinese life-the quality; of the Russian Reds in the Japanese area. Here, as in Changchun, they civilisation is also ancient; but it unchanging civilisation. Indian have
been known to incite the is a more passive kind of civilisa
because the Chinese people are be ginning to hate Communism and the Communists and therefore Nan- king. by attacking the C.P., has adopted the popular solgan. For 5.M.R. native workues to go on tion than the Chinese. Its change- Fei. Mr. Hu Han Min, Dr. C. Cthermore, whereas the leaders at
At Nanking, the party question loomed large. To such Kuomintang members as Chancellor Tsai Yuen
Wu (though he was never in Nan. Hankow have only reputations of strike and it was not so many weeks essness is one of resignation, not king) and many others whose names recent growth, in Nanking the out- ago that the Chinese Eastern Rail- like the Chinese changelessness, of
ness of the South Manchurinn.
are not so well known to foreigners standing, figures were with Dr. Sun way people at Kuanchentze, deli- but whose position in the party in Yat Sen in Tungmenhui days and
qually important, the purging of in the first year of the Republieberately caused a large number of the C.P. elements is the issue of If Nanking succeeds in establishing S... workers to strike, in the primary importance. They undoubt itself, these will be the principal hope of paralyzing the traffic busi edly feel that if that is accom factors in its success.. plished, the Kuomintang will have another opportunity to retrieve itself; if that is not done, the party will have to assume all the respon sibility for the evils of the C.E, Poreign View And Chinese.
Д
Complete Breach With Hankow. The most important body of the Kuomintang is the Central Execu tive Committee.
Future of the C.E.E. What action the Chinese natho-
activity.
Walking through the streets cf Shanghai, you are overwhelmed by: the realisation of this changeless activity (so unlike our changing and precarious Western activity),
That Committee rities in Manchuria are going to you feel the extraordinary power,
as it appeared at the Hankow take it respect of the Chinese for good or for evil, of this ancicat Plenary Session does not produce
communist
Chinese under-
stares
13
To the average foreigner, the quorum in Nanking. Even by Eastern Railway remains to be civilisation... Kuomintang is mischievous co-opting members of an earlier seen, but in all probability an at
The traditional art still lives and organization which has served to Central Executive Committee, there tempt will be made to eject the forces itself on your attention. The disturb the peace of China. To was not a quorum at Nanking. The Soviet representatives from the marvellous writing, each letter a thest Chinese, who think at al! | Problem then is to call a new Partyrailway and have the C.ER. opera thing of exquisite beauty, politically, the Kuomintang is not Conference without Communista to ec entirely as that, at all. To them, there is a elect a new Central Executive Com-taking. The various departments down at you from the innumerable halo about the personality of Dr.mittee. Before this can be done of the C.E.R. have been used for painted banners and signs and lan- Sun Yat Sen which still endows the all Communists have to be expelled
propaganda, Communist Kuomintang, in their eyes with a from the party or they will pack doctorines have been taught in the terns. In their booths the master certain radiance.
such a-Conference. To control the The Communists understood that situation in the meantime, a Poli... schools and of efforts such writers sit brush in hand, painting
as these the Chinese authorities the beautiful ideographs, just thoroughly. They, therefore, which is acting much as the Stand time to time.
tical Council has
been organized have secured striking proofs from their ancestors painted them two tematically
sily organized to steal the party from its lenders. They entering Committee of the C.E.C. has ed as individual members-prac-been functioning in Hankow. This tically stole into the party. They is at present the major achievement then worked harder than most of of Nanking and this constitutes a the Kuomintang lenders knew how complete breach with the Hankow. to work until they became secre
Government. taries and officers and until they From the standpoint of produc
REFUGEE'S EXPERIENCES. controlled the party machinery ing a Government, this Political While the Kuomintang leaders were Council may not have such a dif- making sperches and working out cult task. The Nanking group may rene Mission who had arrived from flowers or great dragons worked in
Some 20 missionaries of the Naza programmes, the Communists with claim the adherence of Southern Tamingfu district were registering different coloure in the party were busily engaged Kiangsu,
Chekiang,
Fukien.
RED SPEARS IN CHIHLI.
at the American Consulate this
spears
thousand years ago. In the streut
of the seal cutters the engravers work with all the ancient cunning. The cups from which the coolies drink their tea are miracles of beauty. In the furriers' shops hang astonishing coats patterned with
furs.
And within the houses Chinese
family life goes on as it has gone
in organization work. After the Kwangtung, Kwanga, Kueichow morning, says a recent copy of the and Yunnan, where General Tang death of Dr. Sun, they boldly at Chi Yao is practically imprisoned leking and Tientain Times, auraed. authority and threw every cutstanding Kuomintang leader in his own yamen. These
In conversation with a reporter, provinces with the exception of Mr. Wang can provide wiple funds for a Gov. Mr. O. P. Deale, one of the num-on since the time of Confuciusa Ching Hui, out of office and often ernment and even if Hankow has ber, spoke of experiences with Red life of abnegation and self-efface out of the party, which they con- a stronger army, there is a wide Spears armed with
and ment for the sake of the larger. trolled
battle-field, a more or less friendly rifles. On the way from Kwang- Three Methods Of Control.
population and plenty of room to pingfu to Tamingfu, he and the social unit, such as we in the West retreat to the inevitable haven of Rev. L. C. Osborn, each driving find it impossible to understand. Canton.
n car, were held up by them twice, No less fixed are the absurdities but although at one time the situa
of the civilisation. Grotesque tion appear to be dangerous, they were not harmed. The Red Spear-superstitions survive along with an men looked in the ears to see the admirable rationalism. Indifference
Something More Essential,
To keep the old-time leaders silent, they used three methods: First, there was always a war, so
But the mere breaking with the that if any man, attacked the party during the war period; he was a Communists is not sufficient to supportes of militarian and had assure stores More important is
·CANTON INSURANCE OFFICE, LTD.
DIVIDEND ANNOUNCEMENT..
We are ocially informed that the General Agents and Consulting Committee of the Canton Insurance j Office, Ltd., will, at the forthcoming meeting of shareholders to be held on Tuesday, May 17th, declare a final dividend of 8 pey share in respect of Working account, 1023, and add the balance of $434,382.81 to Underwriting Suspense Account; and they will further declare un interim dividend of $18 per share in respect of the Working Accounti 1998. and carry forward the sum of $2,171,296.04, .
EXCHANGE.
CLOSING QUOTATIONS.
Apr1 28th, 1997. Telegraphic Transfar. 203
ON LONDON.-
Bank Fille, on demand
2/09/16
Bank Bills, at 30 days'night — Bank Hills, at 4 months"
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Credits, at 4 months' night 2/1" 3/16 Documentary Bills,
months' sight.....
ON PARIS-
Bank Bills, on demand
4 .../1 5/18
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O NEW YOR Bank
Billa, on demand Credits, at 90 daya' night...
ON BOMBAY
4
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Transfor
On demand...
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O
Ox
49 "
Fos
135+
1351
SO days" night..
demand... 101 demand
ON BATATIO demand
08
demand...
7
1211
ON HALFONG-On demand.
nom.
924
ON SAIGONO demand Ox. BANGIOL-On demand SOVEREIGN, Bank's Baying rate $9.60 GOLD LEAF, 100 Aas, per taal... BAR SILVIL, per oz.
25%
EXCHANGE RATES.
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RUGBY, April 23th.
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233
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"
Optimists And Pessimists.
AND AMMUNITION STORE,
6, ERLOONSTELD ARCADE.
'you....
The astrologers and magicians sit
nt the street corners "doáng
As a matter of mere reporting, thriving business. (Their colleagues
so that any leader who opposed the possession of South China if The Red Spears, said Mr. Deale, unknown in the West. them was a running dog of the im- necessary, to admit the error in are up in arms against the Gover- A few hundred yards away, in
exiled domestic and international relations nor of Tamingfu, who, after calling the perialists. Finally, they
Europena some in Moscow, so that others were That too is facing Nanking.
were of the
settlement, Nationaläste since 1923, on them to come in and defend the intimidated and served them. There
eity, disarmed them, and-tried to can buy sientifically, compounded can be no explaining away of the
For if Nanking only drops the make them go south to fight in the drugs; but the chemists' shops in.
retnins fact that these leaders should have' Communists, - but
their Fengtica frmy.
the Chinese city are stocked with realized what the Communists were slogans, and tactics Nanking will
pickled spiders, tigers' whiskers, fare as Hankow is bound to fare.
and rhinoceros horna. doing and should have stood up openly and denounced them. That The masses of Hupeh and Hunan they did not is one reason for the will not long tolerate, conditions present plight of the Kuomintang from which foreigners fled but from and the frightful condition of those which they cannot fly. They are it can be stated that within the in the West, it may be added, still parts of China which the Nation- starving. There is no work. There Nanking camp there are optimists do well enough). The temples are slist" Government claims to con is no transportation. There is no and passionists. The optimists feel thronged with men
and women trol
trade. There is now no usuable that the mets break with the C.P. practising divination. In its good The courage to break from the money.
will rally to their support such and in its evil aspects the old Communists and from Hankow did Nanking is faced with the pro elements 器用 will strengthen
civilisation survives intact. them not spise so much within the blem, not merely of propagandisa party and reproduce those hal- And you get the impression that breasts of the Kuomintang leaders tically denouncing Hankow for cyon days in Canton of which the it will go on surviving, in spite hut rather they were forced to act these evils, but of establishing such, Komists fel, that there must be a war, invasion-there things
so proud. The of everything. Flood, famine, civil by circumstances, particularly by a Government as will be strong possimists feel;
irrelevant. of dictatorial enough to produce law and order beginning all over again along Fure survived them in the past, and one assumption
The civilisation powers on the part of Borodin. id restrain the troops whose dis Kuomintang lines, a return to fun- Practically, the Plenary Session, in cipline has been undermined by damentals is idens and tactics, an sees no reason to suppose that it Hankey threw the Kuomintang C.P. agitation, to enforce its will immediate admission of error and will not do so in the future-and members out of every office and on its own party members who have not only a dismissal of men but
the Indian civilisation, but It was no longer question cannot lightly be shoved he certain that the party moving actively silent
to compromise with the sside as something which will be in the general direction of the
That is the empression, profound C.P., because they regarded them handled after Hankow, is defeated, "Three Principles," and not in the and disquieting, which one carries selves as 60 strong that they were It must be handled immediately or hopeless chaos of what the Com-away from a Chinese city. not willing to consider Kuomintang Hankow's defeat will be meaning. munists call Neo-Tuchanism. No And meanwhile, what in going opinions or Kuomintang person-lesa.
one believes that the task of Nan-happen to the white man in China alities.
(Continued on next Column).'.
king is easy.
One can only mournfully speculate.
the
are
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