THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 818, 1926
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Motoring Notes:
A Weekly
Review dealing with matters of interest to all local motorists. ·Turbines, for Cars-New Steels-
[BY AN OWNER DRIVER.]
THE DEMAND FOR MOTOR CYCLES.
Increase in Speeds.
"family" six-cylinder car of about 18 to 15 horsepower (RA.C. rating) and the very small four-cylinder car.
In the first six months of 1928 the value
The 12 to 15 b.p. four-cylinder car, say of the motor cycles exported from Great of about 1,500 cubic centimetre cylinder Britain was more than a million pounds onpacity, is popular, but there is a de sterling That figure was reached in mand for a car of about the same spite of the stoppage of shipments incapacity but with six cylinders, instead
of four. May during the general strike.
It is noticeable that the general public of day takes a much greater interest in the technical details of cars than was
It is surprising to find that nearly six times more cycles were exported than motor-cycles, although the actual value of the former was less. The figures wero aa follows:-Number of motor cycles 29,015 of value £1,032,559; number of cycles 150,714 of value £678,377.
For over two years Great Britain has been exporting more than 50 per cent. of the total export shipments in motor cycles" of Europe and the U.S.A. com- bined,
It is announced that in 1925 the total number of motor-cycles exported from all the countries manufacturing them was 17,393 of which England contributed 46,642 of an average value of £40 each.
An exploded mixture of air and petrol vapour would do the same. I deed there is scarcely any limit to the speed at which the wheel could be made to rotate except that, at some very high speed of rotation, the wheel would fly apart, or break into fragments.
AN EASY EXPERIMENT.
If we could build a gas turbine to run at, let us say, 40,000r.p.m., the tiny engine needed for the average family car of to-day would occupy about the same space as an ordinary alarum clock.
SLOW DEVELOPMENT.
This problem of the gas turbine will not be completely solved in a day or so. It takes many months of experiment be. fore the experts can be certain of ra- 'sults"
<
The general public heara rumours- often fairy stories-about new inventions and discoveries. As a matter of fact'. many hundreds of thousands of pounds- possibly millions-have already been spent upon experiments.
Large engineering firms in Europe and America keep trained staffs probing into all sorts of technical problems.
There would be an enormous fortune. for any man or firm that could control the patents for a commercially successful gas turbine.
You have only to tie a atone on to the end of a piece of string and swing it round and round to feel the pull it exerts as you increase the speed. If you suddenly let go of the string the stone will fly off to some considerable distance. It was several years between the time That is caused by centrifugal force. It when the first wireless message was sent
the case ten or even five years ago. ia centrifugal force that limits turbine out and received, and when broadcasting
However, small steam turbines have
Running costs are noted very carefully.speed. The first cost is not everything Cars are being bought by people who must The larger cars, of practise economy. about 2,500 .c.c. to 3.000 cc. cylinder capacity cost more in petrol, fubricating oil and tyres.
Ꮮ
In Hongkong there are so many bills that the average "motorist prefers fairly powerful car so as to save him the trouble of changing speeds so often.
Cars receive a real gruelling in Hong-{
been built and run for years at speeds as high as 30,000 r.p.m. So far as the force tending to break the turbine into fragments is concerned it does not matter if the turbine is driven round by ateam or gas or water. Why then not use gas instead of steam!
THE MATERIALS.
was introd:ced.
SPECULATIONS.
It is, however, of great, interest to speculate about what is possible. Ás soon as the electron theory was advanced we were tempted to hope that the immense electrical energy stored in matter would soon be available for motors and other machines.
Now the great Sir J. J. Thomson, in a recent Kelvin memorial lecture, has
The trouble is the bigh temperatures suggested that the electron is not the
kong, especially in the summer. Many a When the petrol engine is used it is final thing at all. He advances ideas.
In that year the total value of all the car makes the journey to the Peak twice essential to provide suitable cooling which, to quote his own words "suggest
machines exported amounted to £3.112,000 as against a total value of £2,700,000 in
1824.
'AUSTRALIA LEADS.
4
It is of interest to note that Australia' lends, as the chief market for exporters of motor-cycles. Each year must sec greater demands for these useful machines in China.
IN THE FAR EAST.
Ia, this Colony we have noticed a great increase in the number of cycles in use, The motor cycle is the great forerunner ́of the car, just as was the cycle the
forerunner of motor vehicles.
There must be many parts of China where it would be possible to travel on a nator-cycle but which would be impos. sible for a car. The more Chinese who become accustioned to any type of wheel. ed vehicle the more chance is there for a demand for roads.
OLD-FASHIONED.
In this Colony rickshas and chairs are already being considered old-fashioned. The young Chinese student of either sex-longs, for a small car, or a motor- cycle.
The tiny little runabouts that are so popular will drive the rickshas off the local roads in time:
Even the brokers will soon realise that it is not andigaified to use petrol instead of man-power. Small cars will, in time replace brokers' rickshas.
TRAFFIC PROBLEMS.
a
day. It is easy to sympathise with the owner-driver who likes to do the journey all the way up on top." That is why
there are so many big ears in evidence.
AVERAGE MILEAGE.
arrangements Every motorist knows that just as matter is made us st how important it is to see that the molecules, and molecules are made up radiator is full of cooling water and to of electrons and positive particles, that be sure that the circulation system is in is not the end of the story; there are order.
still other worlds to conquer, the worlds which build up the electrons and positive
"The temperature of the gases inside
A fair average mileage per month the engine cylinder is greater than that seems to be about 500 although anyone at which the cylinder itself would meet residing at, let us say, Shek O would if there were no cooling water to carry probably run twice that mileage.
away the heat that reaches the cylinder Those who live in Kowloon can obtain
The gas turbine must use gas at a high comfort with a car of rather less horse temperature if it is to be reasonably power than is required on the island. efficient. When that gas hits the vanes We may expect to see an increase in for the wheel of the gas turbine the the number of six-cylinder cars and also material gets so hot that it soon melts. in the number of small four-cylinder It is impossible to cool the yanes be- cars in Hongkong.
causs, although water can be led inside the vanes, it seems to be impossible to
There, is one new English six-cylinder car in the Colony that carries two car get it out again. The centrifugal force buretters.
two
It is usually the magneto that givęs | vane. trouble in Hongkong. There are, of tion. course, high grade cats that use magnetos.
Perhaps the economical car of the tucare will be fitted with two carburetters and two magnetos.
The supercharger is used for racing but the day may come when we shall be able to switch in a supercharger for hill climbing in Hongkong.
From time to time experts bring for- ward the always interesting problem of the gas or petrol turbine. The matter is of intense interest to motorists for it will change,designs and prices of the problem is solved.
The success of the steam
Particles."
is so great that the water stays in the We have a REPUTATION
There can be no water circula- for offering only GUAR-*· "In some of the English newspapers ANTEED Machines. announcements have recently appeared concerning".
"a new material which, so it Our terms are right and has been stated, will not melt at the high temperature which are reached in a gas turbine. In this case the name of Had- feld, the famous maker of steels, "haa been freely used.
A GREAT REPUTATION. Sir Robert Hadield has not only made enormous fortune because he has manufactured special steels, but he has become famous as a scientist.
An
So far as can be ascertained in Hong- turbine has been so definite that it is kong, Hadfield himself has not yet elsim- not surprising to read of hopes for and that he can produce a new steel that
will make practicable the gas turbine. internal combustion engine working on a The introduction of the new method of similar principle.
We may be quite sure, however, that traffic control at Piccadilly Circus is of
he has given the matter his serious interest to local motorists. As the num-mixture of air and petrol vapour that it would not be surprising if hej attention. He has accomplished so much ber of motor vehicles increases in Hong- should not be burnt in a vessel a sort
i
In theory there is no reason why a
the price as well
(SideValve A.J.S.
O.H.V.
DOUGLAS E.W.
TRIUMPH P. and Q.
INDIAN PRINCE.
AUSTIN SEVEN.
* STOCKS CARRIED.
kong it becomes more necesary to have of a boiler-and allowed to expand down and his assistants who spend their whole ALEX ROSS & CO. CHINA), LTD. reliable methods of traffic control. from a high pressure (and temperature) time on researches connected with metals,
The gas at the high
should solve this problem.
The manufacture of a gas turbine
Some time ago the committee of the to a lower one. local Automobile Association suggested pressure and temperature contains great would interest not only motorists, but to the authorities that all traffic coming energy. By expanding it through a
down Garden Road should be compelled suitably designed nozzle the gas can be marine and locomotive engineers, and to turn westwards and proceed to the made to acquire a very high velocity. City Hall. There is room for cars to
This saa at a high velocity can be turn there and join the stream of traffic led on to the vanes of a turbine which going East.
can be caused to rotate because of the high velocity of the gas
The scheme outlined commended itself to experienced drivera, but it was not mulopted. It might at least be given, a trial.
W.
In the near future the road alongside the Naval Hospital will be, widened and the approach to Stubbs Road will be im proved. There are still some difficult
portions of Stubbs Road and caution is essential.
The driver coming down hill should always
give way to the car ascending.
In time no doubt some of the corners
The actual desigo und arrangement of A modern steam turbine is not quite so simple as is that of a water wheel which 1s turned round by a running stream.
小
EFFICIENCY NEEDED.
Nobody seems to know how long water
also those who are concerned with the generation of electric power.
Mention rather vague statement-is made about the new discovery, in the latest issue of a journal dealing with motoring.
RAPID ROTATIONS.
One of the most remarkable thinga about the modern motor-car engine is the great speed at which the crank-shaft Iotates...
Thirty years ago there were steam and
wheels have been is use, but during the gas engines with crank-shaft, rotating at
t.p. was unthinkable.
inst fifty years we have learnt a great about 300 .p.m. but a speed of 1,000 deal about eficiency. We have had it proved by theory and demonstrated by experiments that the old fashioned water
on Stabbs Road will be "pared." When wheel is only about half as efficient as
fret the Taipo.Road was built the road some of the modern water turbines
was difficult but new cuttings and gillings have greatly improved it."
NEXT YEAR'S MODELS:
Speculations about the new models for
next year are rife. It seems to be certain
To-day the normal engine rotates at 3,000. m. while the racing engine renches a speed of nearly twice as much. Indeed engines that have had crank- ahoits rotating at 8,000 r.p.m. have been built.
It is, however, simple to visualise the old fashioned water wheel. It is just number of vanes on the rim of a wheel This amazing increase in speed has which is made to spin round on an axle.been made possible by two lines of re -If steam at a high verocity is allowed search and invention,
No. 1A, CHATRE -Road.
INSURE
YOUR
MOTOR
CAR
WITH
GILMANS..
to impinge on a wheel resembling the One is connected with forced lubrica- water wheel is construction, the steam tion. The other is the great improve OCKAB that the most noticeable developments can cause it to rotate at a speed of sayment in the strength of the materials of will be made in connection with the 30,000 revolutions per minute.or more, which motor-cars are made.
?THE
COMPREHENSIVE POLICY