GREAT
BRITAIN AND FRANCE.
FRANK EXCHANGE OF VIEWS.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE PRIME MINISTERS PUBLISHED.
LATEST CABLES,
(THROUGH RESTER'S AGENCY.]
CAUTIOUS, BUT HOPEFUL VIEW OF "COMMENTATORS,
•
LONDON. March and, That professions and good intentionä Alone will not succeed in bridging the Anglo-French gull is a fact which nobody rudeavours to conceal in commenting on the evolition of the "new diplomacy."
Seybul London newspapers mourn the sence of any essential change in M. Poincare's "oft repeated policy, and stress the continued fundamental diver- gence in the peace policies of the two Premiers; namely, sectional alliances Fersus aniversal agreement.
ฤ
Liberal newspapers welcome M. Poin- pare's reference to the League of Nations, as suggesting new angle of vision. Generni satisfaction prevails that corre Apondence" is "asciully proceeding from generalitics to concrete issues, while ananimous praise is accorded Mr. Mac- Douald's efforts to create an improved btmosphere, as "the weightiest factor making for an ultimate settlement.
FRENCH PRESS COMMENT.
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS; TUESDAY, MARCII ATB, 1924.
EARLIER CABLES, MR. HAUDONALD'S LETTER.
Lesbos, March 2nd...
Mr. Ramsay MacDonald, in a letter to M. Poincare dated February 31st, says he sees little prospect of their being able to attain ap agreement with,, regard to the Ruhr, the Rhineland or the Palatinate unless they are first able by a frank and courageous discussion to achieve some unanimity with regard to essential pur- poses, to which these problems are merely subsidiary, for, when he considers their relations in their wider aspect he does
not feel that their essential object are so divergent. The British and French peoples both desire security; the French security against Germany; "the British security against war. The problem of accurity is not merely French, but is a European problem,
CONFIDENCE MUST BE
ESTABLISHED.
PREPARING THE WAY FOR MUTUAL
UNDERSTANDING.
די
**
:
LATEST CABLES.
11
M. POINGARE'S REPLY. M. Poincare, roplying on February 25th.
WRANGELS ARMY,
LOOKING FOR A NEW HOME. Au amplification of Mr. MacDonald's expresses his fall agreement with Mr. MacDonald's review of the questions and letter says he refers to the friendliness the methods for solution. He disavows
Pasis. March 2nd. of M. Poincare's eply to his letter of all intention on the part of France either Yugoslavia in order to confer with the General Wrangel. has arrived from
January 28th, and says he desires at politically or erinomically to annihilate Grand Duke Nicholas. His whereabouts present to prepare the way for complete Germany or to anex one particle of Gers have been kept secret and he has even mutual understanding by reciting un
mao territory, though he suggests that refused to receive his ex-officers, but it Pikervedy dis difficulties, and the mannet the Rhine should be made a barrier is understood that the object of hia visit against aggression. He declares that is to discuss with the Grand Duke, not in which he envisages the situation. He Frange's military, and aerial establish passile ants Bolshevist offensive, of emphasises that it is his opinion that ments are exclusively designed to defend which there is at present no question, the differences in past cases were not her against German revenge, and he em. but the situation arising out of the forth- wholly unavoidable. He is ready in phasises that France has only lent inoneycoming recognition of Soviet Russia by future to re-examine the whole problem to the Little Entente States for purposes Yugo-Slavia, "which will necessitate find- ing a new "home for Wrangel'e army which is now living on the land in Yugo- Slavia
OCCUPATION OF RHINELAND.
in its larger outlines and more essential of defence in exchange for positive elements. He dwell on the importancu pledges, and so she has done nothing to of public opinion in France and England, prevent the payment of her own debts. and says he has endeavoured not merely The occupation of the Ruhr will cease on to interpret the views and desires of the day Germany pays her debts. his own countrymen but also sympathe
M. Poincare states that the occupation tically to realise the opinion and "needs" of France. It is widely felt in England of the Rhineland will end when the that, contrary to the Treaty of Versailles, Treaty conditions have been fulfilled äud France is endeavouring to create a situa- France's security guaranteed, He hopes tion which gains for it what it failed that after the Allied Governinents have examined the experts' reports they will to get during the Allied peace negotia-arrive rapidly at a comprehensive settle tions. The view of his countrymen is
rent and ensure that Germany carries it Aut. He says that it is infinitely desir. that this policy can only perpetuate the uncertainty and dangers of a condition, able that the question of inter-Allied not of peace but of war, and in the end debts should he settled simultaneously. will destroy whatever temporary security France, like the British Cabinet, firmly intends to strengthen and inaguify the France may gain.
vale of the League of Nations. He von FRENCH APPREHENSIONS REGARD-chuiles by dwelling of the necessity for the Franco-British Entente. The whole ING GERMANY. ..
of Europe and humanity would have to The British. Premier admits the Ger- pay the price of France-British dissen- man mennce" to France is real, and the sions,
A further message anmplifying M. Poin- care's reply says that he expresses his keen pleasure at Mr. MacDonald's frank and friendly letter. He says he is ready to begin with him an examiantion of the great outstanding problems. The inter ests and desires of the two countries are altogether in harmony and both enn only
EARLIER CABLES,
TURKISH EXTREMISTS. BILL TO SUPPRESS THE
ÇALIPHATE...
FAR EASTERN CABLE NEWS.
ITHROUGE REITER'S AGENCY.)
ARREST OF JAPANESE OFFICIALS, AT VLADIVOSTOCK/ RUSSIAN ALLEGATIONS" "OF ESPIONAGE,
Toxy, March 3rd. With regard to the arrest of Japanese af Vladivostock, the Russians assert that the Japanese attempted to investigate the organic system of the Red Guard." the Red Fleet, and Soviet Administration, thus endangering vital secrets hearing on Russian welfare...
A subsequent search of Japanese homes revealed evidence warranting the arrests.
The Japanese Foreign Offics denier the espionage' charge, accusing Russia of con- tinuing petty annoyances in the hope of forcing recognition.
JAPAN DEMANDS RELEASE OF ARRESTED OFFICIAL:
Priso, March 3rd- The Japanese Legation has been CONSTANTINOPLE. March 3rd.
officially informed from Vladivostock An important session of the People's that on February 26th the residences of Party is being hold-to-day to discuss three Japanese officials were scarebed three bills for the suppression of the Cali-under a warrant issued by the Russian phate; (2) the suppression of the Ministry authorities. of Pione Foundations; and (3) the aboli- tion of theological schools,
Two officials were arrested the same day, and the third (Vice-Consul Gunji) on the following day.
The hilt concerning the Caliphate pro
Major Minotsuma, Captain Matsui and vides for the deposition of the Caliph, the abolition of the Caliphate, the perpeter Japanese residents were also arrest tual expulsion of all members of the Cali. ed. phal family from Turkey within ten days, the forfeiture of their Turkish citizen- ship, the payment of a lump sum' said not to exceed 300.000 liras, and the confisca tion of all palaces
The Japanese Legation received the first official report of the arrest of Capt. Mr. Yoshizawa Matsui on March 1st (Japanese Consul at Peking) then called on M. Karukhan (Soviet "Envoy
to
The departees are allowed year to Peking) and asked him to ascertain the liquidate their private property through facts. nnd, if they were as reportal, to take immediate steps for Capt. Matsui's rolease.
representatives
It is expected the Party will accept the bill which will be rushed through the Assembly this afternoon.
M. Karakhan replied that he had ng official report, but promised to ascertain
the facts.
Their task must be to establish confid ence, which can only be achieved by allaying international suspicious and anxieties. Whether this can partially be French have one justification for senk- achieved by local demilitarisation and ing more tangible safeguards instead of neutralisation, by the creation between the Inped Anglo-American joint guars certain "States of bands of neutralisation, tee The French are also disappointed with regard to reparations Neither the territory under mutual or even collective
LATER guarantee and supervision, or by some virtually unlimited expectations aroused
"The People's Party overwhelmingly at the moment of victory nor the more ocher means, is maiter for careful con-
specifie "assessment of 1921, bear any real be satisfied by the same incans. He de-accepted the bill deposing the Khalif and sideration in detail. He believes that the
clares, that if France does not mean that | abolishing thể Khalifate, relation to the economic situation to-day. League of Nations, by discussion and
the recovery of Germany should develop British security is not menacee, but into a hegemony, she, herself, has no eventual action, might play an important
Britain's economic existence is gravely ulterior motive of Continental supremacy. part therein. The assert and goodwill of every Europene country must be en endangerm maing to the acute and per-Noreagonide Feruchana has ever listed in support of this policy, which sisteut diskcation of the markets of dreamt of annexing one particle of Ger can only be initiated if France and Eng- Europe? muinly due to the uncertainty of man territory or turning a single German exiling not only adherents of the. new the arrests, the Russians stated that they
་ Franco-German relations, the economic into a French citizen. sincere. The important. fact is that there THE PROBLEM OF REPARATIONS. chaos in Germany, and the ultimate un SAFEGUARDS AGAINST GERMANY accused of currency speculation has
PARIS, March 2nd.
The twspapers make lengthy comments Bu tür Mallonald-Pioneare correspon
Benar
The Matin saythe letters are absolutely
land become agreed.
་་
ALARM IN RUSSIA PROFESSIONAL MEN EXILED. RIGA, March 2nd. The Government's renewed activity in
econmale policy, but professional men
awakened alarm in Russia. It is reporteil that President Rykoff bas left Moscow for London to confer with Mr. Ramsay Mac Donald,
LATEST CABLES.
TION.
-ESSENTIAL The French desire reparations, mainly certainty of Anglo-French relations.
Apart from Alsace, France has never Es now adetrination to reach an
in the form of payments by Germany, After alluding to British apprehensions claimed the line as the frontier, but she understanding: furthermore, fundamental
whilst the British also ardently desire with regard to French activities (as given has only asked that Germany should no ideos are ·ndinities on both sides.
to repair the devastation of war by res-nhove) Mr. MacDonald is of opinion that longer be in a position to use the Rhine The Mert Juued säys, the cessation of toring the ruined markets and remedying these states of opinion have vitiated as a military base for fresh attacks recriminations is a great step forward, but unemployment. Before this problem can Anglo-French relations in the past, and France, whatever disappointments she (REUTER'S AMERICAN SERVICE
has, experienced, has never sought any."
OIL SCANDAL INVESTIGA- be discussed, however, reports by expert have often induced the two Governments thing not recognised as hars by treaty. There is still a long way to go before an
committees must be awaited. He hopes to indulge in altercations with regard to If her military and serial establishments agreement is reached."
that they will draw Britain and France the symptoms of the malady, without en are scattered throughout the country it ALLEGATIONS AGAINST DERART- together and he sees no reason why this deavouring with clarity and good sense to is because the administrative organisation problem, if approached from its widest investigate the causes. It is a thoroughly and mobilisation requirements do aspect and considered in conjunction with unhealthy condition, which gives him allow their concentration in the east. the cugrate problem of inter-Allied debts,much concern, and he believes disturbs But our arey and air force are no morg a sign of defiance to England than the should not soon be solved so as to give M. Poincare too. He is heartily anxious aerial, and maritime Rects of Britain are England some hope of economic stability that they together try to give both these in your view a threat to France."
The Petit Parisien says that Germany Brist now realise that any attempt to play * Britain' againg France is foredoomed to failure.
The Figaro states that M. Poincare's reply shows that France's demands are
in Europe, and France an amurance that
sections of French and British opinion
preliminary conditions to the realisation her just requirements will be met. Here sone sense of confidence. on that basis
of British aiza..
not
..
MENT OF JUSTICE.
WASHINGTON, March end. The inquiry by, the Senate, 'Oil Com- mittee has developed a new trail. It is declared that some telegrams from Wash- ington to Palm Beach were in the old code of the Department of Justice, write ten by Mary Duchstein, ex-scoretary to Mr. Burns (Chief of the Investigation M. Poincare, referring to French rela: Bureau of the Department of Justive) to tions with the Little Entente, intimates the bushand of an employé of Mr. that France will welcome England's ad- McLean, publisher of the Pushington herence to this group of friendships as Post.
FRANCE AND THE LITTLE ENTENTE
again, if France can but agree, the co. of their fears and resentments being re- The Eche d'Paris thinks that while operation of other European countries moved. 3. MacDonald regarde positive guar-will be assured, and it will be possible
AN URGENT NECESSITY. auters as of secondary importance, for them to approach the United States
Nobody who has to observe British the best guarantee of peace, and hopes In the Senate, where the resolution. Poincare attaches greater importance to as a united Europe, anxious by mutual prision today, says Mr. MacDonald, the progress of the League of Nations discussion ended in a demand for an this matter.
sacrifice for an arrangement to cure the can afford to overlook the urgent neces and the development of international
Arbitration will soon justify the associated investigation of Mr. Daugherty's adminis- Le Journal says the correspondence ills of the people.
sity for reaching arrangements with reations proceeding with co-ordinated tration of the Department of Justice, the almost gives one the impression that ANXIETY OF THE BRITISH PEOPLE gard to the Ruhr, Rhineland and Palati imitation of armaments, which will not Democrat, Mr. Caraway, declared that
the most peace loving to enter expose dr. MarDonald says the people of nate without delay. After dealing with prises by the more warlike. He con- he held the Attorney-General responsible For the years we have been victims of
Britain regard with anxiety what appearsecurity and reparation, (as above) chude: No more than you ar I able for the use of the department code in to them to be the determination of Francs neDonald concludes by saying: "If from eseb other, or even indifferent to areasages to Palm Beach.
□ nightmaps, and all that is needed to make the two countries fall into each others arms is to wake them up.
to ruin Germany and dominate the Can they can achieve an agreement on the tinent, without cursideration of Britain's The Gaulois eny's it looks as though reasonable interests and the future con- main principles which inspire us, and if negotiations might now he opened in rx- sequences to a European settlement. these principles can be explained to our They are apprehensive of the large respective peoples and public opinion, reptionally encouraging conditions. INFLUENCE OF BRITISH PREMIER'S military and aerial establishments main there would then be little doubt that tained not only in the eastern but also many subsidiaray problems, intricate and in the western part of France. They are thorny though they have become, will not disturbed by the interest shown by the
PERSONALITY:
Beatz, March 2nd. The newspapers give prominence to the MacDonald-Poincare correspondence.
to imagine England and France separated each other. We owe it to civilisation to remain united Since our two Govern impossible that we should not act together ments are conscious of this duty, it is to carry it out"
MR CHURCHILL AND THE CONSERVATIVES.
4.
DESIRES TO STAND AS INDEPEN. DENT CANDIDATE
He added that he would like to ask the President himself whether he had been communicating with Florida.
DAVIS CUP.......
ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE DRAW.
WASHINGTON,
fos, March zed. The Davis Cup draw will be held at White House on March 17th, when Mr. Coolidge will draw the first number, Mr. Winston Churchill annannces his Fifteen nations besides the United States willingness to stand as an Independent will participate. in the Westminster Abbey Division. He Constitutional candidate at the bye-election
LONDON, March 2nd
French Government in the military ar. Prove impossible of solution; but if they ganisation of new States in Central allow themselves to be entangled ja' a' Europe. Finally they question why all mass of detail they will relapse into the The foulagspost says Mr. MacDonald's the activities should be financed by the old, wearisome round of controversy on letter is a historical document. For the the French Government disregarding the
his position on main questions of public first time trading Entente statesmen have fact that the British taxpaper has to find points not fundamental." He again ex-clares that he does not infond changing thoroughly and frankly investigated all interest on the loans raised in America
over thirty millions sterling yearly as phasises that the condition of Europe can policy, but he wishes to cooperate with sing the The Conservativo Party
and its whoever the political questions which are over and also find large sums to pay the only be remedied by joint Anglo-French Socialist party and
ther be interest on the debts by France to action, „undertaken with full sympathy Mr. Churchill adds that there must bo banging Europe like a cland of poison. Britain, to meet which France has not
conscientiously feel similarly and are at Undeniably, Mr. MacDonald's personality yet made or propounded as far as for their respective requirements, and a hundreds of thousands of Liberals who has wheksonely influenced M. Poincare, they can see any sacrifice equivalent to
their own."
this juncture no reason why they should not cooperate with the Conservatives on and this will not be without its effect on
the lines of the late Government's King's Speech and Mr. Baldwin's recent fiscal the French people.
Such popular sentiments wise regard for the interests of the world are erroneous, though it may be they at large. He is fully prepared for such are factors which both you" and I are bound to take into consuleration,"
eo-operation.
declaration
for their respective countries, and Mr. Coolidge will draw for the United States. The challenge round will be played at Philadelphia early in September.
In light of the fhether developments at. Vladivostock, Mr. Yoshizawa interviews 31. Karakhan to-day.
-A Reuter's tablo message from Tokyo, dated March 1st stated:-Despatches from Vladivostock report the arrest of eight Japanese officers and interpreters by the Russians, and the searching of the ¿residences of five other.
Replying to a Japanese protest against
suspicion. were free to arrestay foreigner under It is understood that the Japanese Gov- ernment is referring the matter of these arrests to Mr. Yoshizawa (Minister to China) who will seek an explanation from M. Kurahan (Soviet Envoy at Peking) owing to the Russians not recognising Consul Watanable at Vladivostock.].
[BY COURTEST, OF THE DAILY BULLETIN") REPORTS OF PRESIDENT TŠAO KUN'S DEATH,
PERING, March and. The Government requests Beuter' Agency to officially deny, the recent reports of President Tsao Kun's death, or serious. illaces.
The President has been slightly indis
sfot serious. Posed, but the trouble is
SINO-RUSSIAN NEGOTIATIONS.
PEXING, March 2nd.. The Chinese newspapers report that “Mr. C. T. Wang has submitted a report to the Cabinet, which will be considered on Tac day,
The report contains the proposed "plan to bring the Russo-Chinese preliminary negotiations to completion.
· MAN'S OLDEST HANDWRITING.
DISCOVERIES AT UL.
The British Museum authorities. Lavo.
issued a report reserved by the trustees from Mr. C. L Woolley, leader of the joint expedition of the Museum and the finiversity of Pennsylvania, which is ca singing the excavations at Ur of the Chaldees and other sites in Mesopotamiz. The joint expedition state that they cam report, at the end of a month's work, discoveries of the greatest interest. The main body of workmen Eave been eas ployed on the clearing of the Ziggurats or staged tower, whose ruins dominate the plain of UT..
Details of the discoveries made are giren, and describing the contents of a small temple and its mirroundings, the report says:Such ands would hare been, indeed, noteworthy to whatever period they belonged, but these are the more surprising, in that they are the oldest works of art in metal yet known.
A marble tablet was discovered, ha- scribed in Sumerian, which records that this was the temple of the goddess N Ambassadors and Ministers will draw Khursag, built in her bonour by the King of Ur, A-an-ni-pad-da, the son of known to us from the king-liste draw King Mes-an-ni-pad-da, and the latter in up about 2,000 B.C. as a ruler of the First Dynasty of Ur. Taken at its face value, the Sumerian chronology would assign our statues and reliefs to a date somewhera about 4,500 BC, even if that By a settlement which has been arrived chronology has to be modifed, we can yet at the American railways will receive say that our month's work has given t 31,606,000,000 (about £4,000,000), in fall the oldest dated example of man's hand- satlefaction of all their claims arising out writing, and the oldest known triumFLE of State control during the Great War, of the art of Tubal Cain."