BERLIN TO-DAY. IV. HARVEST HOPES.
TRUTH ABOUT THE STRIKES.
(DY F. SEFTON DELMER.)
comes to our relief."
1
AIR SPYING.
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY, JULY 30TH. 1917.
AN AFTER-THE-WAR PROBLEM.
German
THEPROBLEM OF S.W. AFRICA GERMAN METHODS AND IDEALS,
detail.
PERILS OF RESTORATION.
INTELLIGENZIA. FROTH OF THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION..
7
THE EXPANSION OF PRUSSIA CUTLER PALMER & COʻS
II.
[BY W. W. BABA]
BY ERNEST HAMILTON"]'
Eleven Hohenzollern Electors followed The strangest people in the world are Frederick I in Brandenburg, which grad- Intelligers what not. A favourite device of the time trying to seize the reins of power in Rusually grew by marriages, treaties and was "brotherhood heritage'; two Houses sia. They are known as the zin (the Autellectuale), and it is trom their ranks that most of the leaders of agreed that if one of their lines lied ont the revolution are recruited.
the survivors should take both sets of possessions; a fruitful source of war, for there were generally collaterals rendy
of
L
question.
[BY CLARENCE WINCHESTER, AUTHOR OF 16 FLYING MEN AND THELB MAORINES."]
In the House of Assembly (South The wily Hun always bag bad, and still Africa), recently, Mr. Merriman, in a mol- At the present moment every Cherman bus, one of the finest capionage systems in able speech, remarked that one of the most the whole world. His methods are more dificult problems confronting the Union is axiously asking himself "Will our cunning, mere elaborate though out-after the war would be the government of less the German population in what used to be No doubt food supplies hold out?" On this sub-wardly simple, more exact and
saspicious than those employed by many German South West Africa.
this will be the case, unless Germany is it is impossible to live for any time ject the Kaiser's Government has thought another State.
When I look back to the days before the so thoroughly defeated as to drop her among Russians without coming into cou- it wise to be franker with the people than
sace with the inteligenzia and their into claim that the extinct line" was colonial aspirations, or at all events to
For afty years and more have
nowise extinct. Out of one of these it has been on military questions. "We great war I marvel at the simplicity of convince Germans overseas that their best fuente
the late Government in regard to sir con can and must hold out," say the auth-trol. I used to meet many of the famous policy is to accept the inevitable and throw they made their mark on Russia's internal brotherhood heritages came the Hohen- Only practical men and Itus zollern claim to Stettin-Pomerania, with in their lot with the Union of South Africa. politics.
uns with a sense of humour know what
another the orities; "but it will be a close thing. Gorman pilots who came to this country, In this connection, a memorandum recent
Silesian and I used also to meet many
ly prepared by Mr. Gorges, the present importance should be attached to the in the usual strife and postponements; out Our brend supply is assured till August pupils who were here ostensibly to learn Administrator of the occupied territory, telligenzia.
Pomeranis first. is Now for the first time their influence 15th, and with luck and good management to fly. In Germany, there were dozens of for the information of the Union Govern
Brandenburg had played an inglorious we can make ends meet till the new harvest well-equipped schools of flying, and yet ment, contains a good deal of interesting world-wide. The Russian peasantry is
the German Government were accustomed
durab, the middle classes and bureaucracy part in the Thirty Years' War; the one. in send young Hans to England to learn
At the beginning of 1913 the total white are aute (for the times are too dangerous time that she should have fought square- The Food Controller and his colleagues to fly at the comparatively inefficient population numbered about 15,000, of for them), the industrial workmen arely for her religion she stout aside, and The German whom about 1,800 composed the garrison clamouring for revolutionary action, and was ravaged again and again; while realise, however, that they are walking English flying schools.
the Intelligenzia alone is
is articulate.
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden not only on the edge of a precipice. They know Government, too, paid for the tuitional Germans, of course; and of the re-
A member of the Intelligonzia, Anatole that the economie raurgins are so narrow which could more easily have been maining 13,000 civilians about 1,800 were that a false step to right or left may imparted at the numerous schools in the British subjects.
As the area of the Lamanoff by name, is playing the part of occupied Pomerania, but required the enemy country. What was the object?
country is nearly three times that of the young Napoleón at Kronstadt: the work then (10th) Elector George William to hur! them into the gulf,
The question is whether the new har-There is only one answer, and
is a perfectly obvious one.
wretched Elector had to consent, saying The object the slow rate at which settlement has pro-zia; it is the Intelligenzia alone that is in Brandenburg aa bases, to which the vest of 1917 will be punctual. No one
wae espionage.
ceeded.
In German South-West proper interested in abstract questions of war now dares to hope that this harvest will
German secret service men were enrolled there are about 80,000 natives, while in
attas and holding up fighting for the sake to his Council What can I do? They be a good one. It may, indeed, as many with good reason fear, turn out a digns at English flying achools for the express † Ovamboland and the territory known as of discussion, and it is really for the bops. have guns," East Prussia on the con-
purpose of recording the inside progress the Caprivi Zipvel the native population of these "intellectual revolution trary escaped, and became a
Frederick William, Elector, trous failure. The extraordinary weather (or lack of it) of English aeronautics, to
is estimated at anything between 150,000
Great mission after another to Petrograd.
succeeded, he bad a sort of basis for thas prevailed throughout Northern Germake plans and drawings of different at 200,000. Taking natives and whit makers that the Allies are sending one asylum. Consequently when the so-called many during the critical months of March, aerodromes and aircraft concerns, to avert together, the density is only 85 per square
THE TYPE.
restoring Brandenburg. Restore it he Taking whites alone. it is only April, and May has been from the suspicion from their other espionageme
What is a typical member of the Indid, at home; he and his successors farmer's standpoint the worst thinkable activities, and to andure from English 048. In the 11 contiguous districts of
acroplanes which the
the Cape Provines, which are sparsely elligenzialike, how does he live, and brought in masses of immigrants, Dutch Not once but a hundred times, I have manufacturers
and French at first, who set up industries if der British Government would not buy at that populated in comparison with the rest of what does he want? I will try to draw a heard people say, "It seems as
Many machines manufactured in the Union, the density. per square milo is representative type. liche Gott (God) Himself were against time.
and made the mixed population more 11 and I have watched the face of this country were shipped to Germany 553 for whites and 1.22 for whites and
natives.
mixed than ever. But his external policy the director of the Imperial Fodder before the wr broke out, and it was to
was shifty; "advancing in circaits, the Commission grow longer day by day, as the advants of Germany to secure as
only way he has; spirally," says Carlyle; ho tapped the barometer in vain through many of our aeroplanes as possible.
some have used a plainer word. His first out April for sunshine and throughout
essay in circular movement was succes
May for rain.
ful; in 1850 e joined Charles X of Sweden against John Casimir of Poland
remission of and helped to beat the Intter at Warsaw; from Casimir, the then he changed sides and got his price In short, a youthful encyclopedia of homage for East Prussia, which thus be miscellaneous knowledge. Fall of theories came his absolutely. His second attempt -what to do with religion, how to reform was much labour lost. In 1672 he attack- marriage, the best system of land tenure, ed the Swedes, beat them at Fehrbellin. the re-writing of history, the advisability took Stettin and cleared Pomerania. of dispensing with money, the right way Well and good, had it stood at that; but to educate children, the inducare of
this war was part of a much bigger
LATE HARVEST.
Thing unheard of, & rainless May, hot ice-bound as midsummer, followed an April. The state of the cornfields, even timbricating of the Mark of Ty unagricultural eye, as we passed Brandenburg and of Mecklenburg in the train on May 3rd confirmed my surmises. The further west we got, towards the Dutch frontier, and within reach of the North Sea coastal rains, the better the crops looked, and Holland was a smiling garden. There is a temptation in such cases to let the wish be father to the thought, but I can, I think, say with safety that the coming hay and grain har vests in Germany, will this vens be ex ceptionally poor ones, and that the grain harvest will, in the whole of Northern Germany-of Southern Germany I cannot speak the fully six weeks late.
But may not a fat year in Roumani help out a lean year in Prussia? What Germany has to expect from Houmania's coming harvest nobody knows. There have bsen ominous complaints in the Reichstag that a great deal more might have been done to ensure a good yield from the The Roumanian cornfields this year, Germans made a great fuss about the alleged barnfuls of wheat that fell into, their hands when they overran the country But, as I know for certain, it was a case of much ery and little woul. The Roumanian wheat sacks, dangled be. fore the hungry syes of the German dustrial centres, never arrived. Whatever! grain did, after much squabbling between Germany and Austria, find its way into the Fatherland was at once grabbed by the military,
last autumn.
J
ANXIETY FOR PHOTOGRAPHB.
The enemy pilots who wore already experienced could photograph any part of this country when they flew at liberty over it, and I have reason to know that the Hung now possess a very complete aerial the British Isles. True, various Aerial photographic survey of different parts of Navigation Acts were passed, but these could, with care, be easily evaded. At one time it was my hobby to take photographs from the air, and it was significant that
a
GERMAN COLONIZATION.
Lhnitri Stepanovitch, let us call him, is eighteen years old, but already he reads quite easily Russian, French, Ger man, Latin, and Greck. He is studying law, and as a side line has taken up chemistry; he is abreast with the writers of the day on psychology and political economy; is steeped in the revolutionary economics and political theories both of the Proudhon-Bukunin Anarchist and the Kar. Alars Socinust schools. On the other
Mr. Gorges remarks in his mutuorandum that for a short time subsequent to 1500 the German Government gave facilities to British colonials and others to settle in the country, but daring the last few years an opposite policy has been adopted, so that the number of British subjects has hand, the result has not been to attract been steadily falling off. Germans, or to induce the members of the Imperial garrison to remain in the coun- try in considerable numbers. No doubt the total German population is increas which had been under construction
line
general
the
certain Hun pupil was indirectly, but in 1912, when the railway for Bernard Shaw and Pragmatism on the business, in which he had begun by
*
ALWAYS GROWN UP.
the peace of Vossem.
and doubt nulation of German nationality which of a small ofctar with a large family back of the claim of his sop, the last)
The
not
The
anxious to secure some of my negatives, several years was completed, the adult British at Mons to be brief, every pos-frankly betraying his ally, Holland, at Consequently, at for which reason I never let him have any.
When the German flying pupils had German whites actually decreased by 200sible theory on every conceivable subject,
the Nymegen Congress which ended the passed their certificate test, many of them though the fall was more than balanced and not a penay-worth of common-sense.
war, he had no friends and France and to still remained in this country. Why? I by the imigration of women and children.
Dmitri had no voyhood such as is the Holland got Pomerania restored look at my own flying certificate, and Although about one-sixth of the country -over 35 million acres is in private find the foll ring words printed inside over there were not 1,00 white adult heritage of ninety-nine out of every fun Sweden; his considerable victories had
ticket six different languages : ---
The dred British lads, whatever their parents' the Chil, Naval, and Military Authori- farmers in the whole territory.
and Brandenburg was no nearer getting Pomerania. Perhaps the most important ties, including the Police, are respectfully policy of the Government at Windhuk position. at sa acivert ir areas been entirely neutralised by his treachery, requested to aid and assist the holder of was naturally dictated by the same mo- was never 30 a scrum, never faced an this
Such an Certificate."
open sesame" tives as in Alsace-Lorraine or Prussian awe inspiring bowler, never sculled for thing he did was to create the Prussian
dear life for the honour of his school. Poland.
standing army. This army was at the He was always grown up. As the son The Government aims at oreeting a might be very useful in peace time to an English-looking German Less the seronautical brevet
will respect, I
all provide good colonia bo had to fend for himself, and at äfteen Elector, Frederick 111., to make him
het a. revolutionary. At the elemen self King. The Emperor Leopold an- wasted in that
will also form & reserve in case of war, too, that practically every German
taly school" Zanchers were regarded as sented on terms which have long lost any I came across spoko perfect English padat exelding at fraze, necessary bus aisugiccable symbols of importance, and on January 18th, 1701,
There is
new foreigners who will not accept naturaliza- opportunity here for committee of the Air Board to demand tion or men who might fail as golonists authority when he was at the gymnasium Frederick crowned himself at Konigsberg,
(secondary school) every lad who was the 18 Frederick I., King in Prussia
as a Prussia only, which was his; not of sport AB to methods 证
German official fussian equivalent or a effective reforms when it considers the and become a burden to the State "after the-war flying problems. The
rebel; at the University one was either course in Brandenburg. Two things may The Germanization and pacification of smugi destined for submission and an be noted about this. One is that the committee is a strong one and makes one wrote:-
official career or belonged to the Intelli-Divine Right" of the Hohenzollerns feel quite hopeful. The new era demands
lacks even such sanction as the mediaeva! that new precautions shall be taken in the country, which is still young, strongly
Dmitri at eighteen is not over-attractive Church was wont to bestow, for Frederick, regard to alien airmen, and it is to be settled, by foreigners and uncleansed from gazia and preached revolution.
that the Civil Aerial Transport roving natives, are duties both so ini- hoped Committee will not overlook the import-portant sud so wide in operation that the externally. He is tall and much too fat like Napoleon, crowned himself.
decision and choice of the methods must be University uniform is untidy, nie other is that he called his entire army boots unblackened, lus hair all natted the Prussian army," and the various ance of the subject.
remain in the bands of the State,
pruvinces, "FREEZING OUT" POREIGNERS. and tangled, his finger nails not over military districts" Prassiar." Bo far the methods adopted have been clean. Much reading and lack of exercise thus paving the way, through the army, mainly two. To Germanize foreign ele makes his face putty and his shoulders for & Kingdom, not in Prussia, but of
Prussia. ments the children must be forced to at bowed, but his some eyes are attractive, tend German schools." By way of illa-especially when he comes excited over
some topic, when they positively sparkle. His son, King Frederick William I, stration, when the committee of manage-
CONTEMPT FOR CONVENTION.
finally acquired Stettin-Pomerania in ment of the Klipdam school, which serves He lives in miserable lodgings, and characteristic fashion. The Northern war a district close to the Cape border and was attended mainly by children of somehow or other exists on an allowance against Sweden was raging; Charles XII. of 10. a week, which, small though it is, of Sweden was in Turkey; and Russia, friend Holstein (the only Dutch-speaking immigrants from the
ahead is princely compared with that of some of through Cape, asked the Governor for
The student community Charles had) proposed to Charles' com is Nihilistic It still follows the social ander in Stettin that he should hand medium of Dutch, they were told very master capable of teaching through the his colleagues. definitely that the German language must conventions of the Nihilists, although over the town to two neutrals, Prussin One of the chief of theso conventions is and Holstein, to be returned to Charles remain the medium of instruction and politically the movement no longer counts. also the principal subject of instruction.
to hypocrisy. It is always "thee" and not move without orders; Russians and new country in process of settlement is
thou," nobody says please or thank Saxons stormed the town, and handed it ance of lib. of oatmeal per month. The Berlin goes, not evet a revolver shot was
broken into without over to Prussians and Holsteiners in pouple in the queues, however, are well fired. All the talk about machine guns aut nearly so harsh or so unjust as in a
country with a settled population and ayou, arguments
At By your leave. It is bad form to equal force, requiring their expenses, aware of the ultra-Spartan measures in
indulge in the petty change of good man- £60,000, to be paid. Frederick William Then store for theia. A few weeks ago 1 heard having been turned on the crowd is sheer developed nationality like Poland.
asleep and turned them out. The German Government put the people the same time, it is interesting to remem- an old woman whose application for. milk on grounds of illness had been re-on bread rations at an early stage in the ber that only a few years ago the Germansers by inquiries after health or the bid-paid, disarmed the Holsteiners when Charles returned riding day and night in the Cape Province attempted to ding of a couventional adieu. One after another, ahuost all other wheedle the Government into recognizing
night across Europe, and demanded his fused lament, "Now that I can't work
Foodstuffs had to be brought under the definitely German schools for Union citi. card system. Only at a comparatively zens of German extraction.
SOLDIERS FIRST.
The munition workers' strike in Berlin in the middle of April was brought about by the proclamation of a smaller And here I must emphasize the fact bread ticket. The strike had practically no political inspiration and was soon that in every ease where interests of the civil and the military clash the civil nipped in the bud. The authorities, fear elaims have on principle to give waying & new outbreak on May 1st, liberally
Soldiers first! is the iron motto.
sprinkled policemen about on the bridges have heard members of the Reichstag as and at other strategic points of the towns, the aged of both sexes must be allowed much to their discomfort on that bleak,
east-wind day. 40 perish first, as their work for the State is over and done. In order not to
vert What if the worst comes to the worst
These strikes, as well as the riots at Magdeburg and Leipzig in March, seem be unfair, I will here admit that at pre to have been rather absurdly exaggerated sent aged people receive a special allowin some English newspapers. As far as Needless to say,, such an ordinance in a that politeness is Society's contribution when peace was made. The Swede would
moonshine.
wdk
**
menaco to the security of the Union would
megen.
Prussia claimed her £60,000;
any longer or boar any more children they regard me as a burden on the State.
late date, however, was the intimate con- Apart from the utilization of the scholselt politik continued to be developed on city; his lawfully as against Prussia, And that's what they call Altar! the fighting line when it is a question human beings and the supply of fodder years consistently followed a policy of inevitably have come into being. And it Charles naturally refused; the money had Next in importance after the men innection between the supply of food for the Windhuk Administration in recent these political lines, a serious permanent by the treaties of Westjhalia and Nv- of grading rations according to the re-for stock recognized. The tardy recug freezing out, so far as foreigners, particu would still come were the war to end in nothing to do with him Frederick an inconclusive peace and the restoration William lamented that a king whom he He writes: cipicats utility to the State-come the nition of the economic connection between larly foreigners of British extraction, munition workers, and after them-a long food and fødder very nearly led to were concerned.
The Reichsfuttermittelstelle It has been stated by many parties that of the occupied territory to Germany. respected should thus "force him to way after them-come the troops in bar-disaster.
administrative and economic development Sweden; he secured for himself all racks, the troops doing mere garrison (Imperial Fodder Commission) is now the Government has availed itself of On the other hand, incorporation into the war; but to war he went, and was largely hospitals. These last three categories all Reichsgelriedestelle (Imperial Breadstuffs titles, and in the case of non-Germans of Germae Bouth-West Africa when, by, Western Pomerania, confirmed by an duty, and even the men confined to the of almost greater importance than the every opportunity of contesting doubtfulnion would come just at a stage in the instrumental in driving Charles back to many complaints have been made that the the dus encouragement of British immi exhausted Sweden at the prace of Stock complain of the short commons on which Commission),
In most ways this Frederick William These two organizations are at present officials have harassed those with good
tries, the difficulties: forensen by Mr. they have to live compared with the re- two classes, and are continually writing mation of & monopoly of the fodder and in possession and so enabling the Govern- Merring could be most easily surmount was the real maker of Prussia, as we know latively plentiful rations, of the first working out a great scheme for the for titles with a view to squeezing out those grants and immigrants from Allied counholm. Comment seems superfluous.
a great scale. At his death his little home to their relations for extra food, breadstuffs produced in the whole of ment to settle on their lands settlers who ed, because the 10,000 civilian Germans 16 He was & glorified drill sergeant on
welded into more easily
strong com». Germanization was hopeless. H Thew write in vain. Buch Liebergaben Germany. Up to the middle of May would be more amenable to discipline and would speedily realize that the idea of
In a more recent report to the Union kingdom possessed a standing army of soldiers comforts have ceased. For it Bavaria was still half unwilling to throw
The confiscation of the Herero lands
trian.It contained both Prussians and occupied territory has is impossible for people who have not a in its lot with Northern Germany by ponent part of the German Empire.
mercenaries; his press-gang system was crumb to spare to send away even the joining in the proposed monopoly, but gave the State a great reserve of teritory Government, the Administrator of the 80,000 men, almost the size of the Aus smallest portion of their own meagre was showing signs of yielding to Prussia's With a view to increasing this reserve all grounds for uneasiness regarding the pre-le better than slave hunting accom-
concessions granted in the early days allowance. The only things they can now cajolery. Bend their soldiers are tobacco and Great battles were taking place behind the Protectorate have been tested by Mr. Gorgessays the German population panied by bloodshed. No one else ever spirits.
the scenes when I left, as I know from jawyers, and in some cases holders have Gorges as any German officer of used the press-gang as he did; no other private sources, as to whether the new been dispossessed. Arrangements have fur-
ahady been otherwise than flogging through the line a particularly organization of the breadstuffs and fodder ther been made with the large landowning the active troops on parole infringed the army was over disciplined so cruelly, tolerans entirely peaceable and amenable to law horribly death. At least his men feared supplies of the whole German Empire was companies to sell farms at fixed prices to conditions of his parole, nor have the in- The penalty for most offences was no enemy; do enemy was as terrible as three months with rheumatism, and glad monopoly or on State Socialistic lines.
Buet, speaks of half a dozen trials now became a ruling caste, and treated to be there, except that he hasn't enough Bome big financiers were anxious for the and who possess capital
for political offences in 1916, mostly of civilians as they would; Zabern is but a former, while their opponents, following cattle farming
I was talking to our baker the other
day and asked him how his son, a boy not
yet 18, was getting on. "Oh, he's been
of
settlers chosen by the endermans
18
to start
Stale
who have
In
habitants as
removed
all
NAPIER JOHNSTONE'S
Known as the
"OLD
SQUARE"
WHISKY.
ESTABLISHED
1745.
BOLE AGENTS IN HONGKONG AND SOUTH CHINA
LANE, CRAWFORD & CO., and from ALL WINE MEROKANTS:
“ASAHI BEER."
DAI NIPPON
ASAHI BEER
GRAND PRIZE.
ASAHI
DAI NIPPON
BEER
ASAH LAGER-BEER
SPECIALLY BREWED FOR EXPORT
COMPANY
BOLE AGENTS,
BREWERY CO., TOKYO.
MITSU BUSSAN KAISHA Tax No. 230 or 155.
SANTAL MIDY
[84
These tiny Capsules — superior to Copaiba, Cubebs, and Injac- tions→ OURE the same di seases as these drugs in FORTY-EIGHT HOURS
without inconvenience. Bach: Capsule bears the same. Paris, 8, rua Vivienne Beld by all Chemiztı.
in the hospital at Pinak for the last to be run on the lines of a great privateers preference is vice The Swakopmund Magistrate, Major their peace training. Prussian officer stick, which he could wield personally
to eat. But what can we send him? We
(about £300)
on occasion. Once again Prassia became.
haven't enough even for ourselves. Er ist Adam Smith Yes! Adam Smith was assists settlers of this class with money prominent inhabitants,” but he adds that i pale reflection of. Frederick William 1 an Earthly Paradise, from the military
drive one crazy!)
STRIKE NONSENSE.
MENACE
#1
ཟ་
with
point of views all were no oppofition And did it. There was no opposition. century, the elector Joachim Frederick the offendera appears to have even met is the duty of a citizen; but in Frussia Already at the beginning of the 17th it supplied the reason why be existed.. the approval of the Germans here." The other 17 magistrates write in a strain Every Prussian subject, the King had deased to convene the Estates of
By Brandenburg, such as they were, and had which fully warrants the Administrator wrote, "is born to bear arms.” in haverfing that on the whole the Geronoty, good management, and the founded the Prussian bureaucracy; and settlement of more civilised immigrants the bureaucracy was one of the pillars
that such a plan would spell depredation farms. State land is sold to them at and hasten revolution. As far as I could, rate of ed per hectare (2.47 acres) in understand. Dr. Michaelis was likely to the south, and Is. 2d. per hectare in the The well-paid munition workers excite decide in favour of the State Socialistic north,ACE TO THE UNION CO the envy of the rest of the working form. elsuses. "These monition workers, who As his right-hand man said to me the As I have said, the net result up to
continually face to face with unrest, are getting handsome pay and all sorts other day, "The statesman who fails to the present time is not very considerable,
exagitation, and other forms of unsubmis of extra food, even sausage and fat, are see that the trend of future economie as there are fewer than 1,800 adult white and that anybody who imagines he
outpost aiveness on the part of the population is the last who have reason to strike," says legislation must be more and more in the farmers, many of whom are of Dutch ex
traction. Had such the ordinary workman..
(Continued at foot of next column.) (Continued at font if nest colum.)
direction of State Bocialism, ist ein
" Ochse (is a mere blockhead).-Times.
mans have given little or no troub the less desirable lands, he made of Frederick William's Prussia, But
"
quite mistaken." Times.
Prussia prosperous, but he drilled the essentially that State rested on its stand- people as he drilled the army, by the lag sty
(Continued at font of next column.)
be Continued.)