VERDUN TO-DAY,
GAPING WALLS AND CRACKED CELLARS.
VICTORY DRAWING NEAR,
41
[UY "THE TIMES PARIA CORRESPONDÉ T]
VERDUN, September.
EDUCATION.
TAH HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, OUTORME 19′′. 116.
BRITISH AND GERMAN METHODS
COMPARED
THE SOMME BATTLE. SORRY PLIGHT OF THE GERMANS
_THE_DOBRUDJA, LAND OF STEPPE AND LAGOON
STRATEGIO - IMPORTANCE. The correspondent of the Berliner Taveblatt on the Somme sends his paper
The Dobrudja lies to the east of the an ŝateresting account of recent fighting Danube between it and the Black Sox. from which it is evident that the Anglo- Roughly quadrilateral' in form, about French offensive has made a very serious - 100 miles long by 30 broad, it comprises impression on this observer. The follow- within its area of 6,000 square miles ing paragraphs are extracted from his lagoon, arab, steppe, and mountain, report the latter rising in the north-westorn
We do not know anything for cer tain as to the events of this night. All
The Rev. W. Temple, in delivering the Presidential Address to the Educational Section of the British Association last month, said: "The present interest of Verdun lies very still within the old Englishmen in education is partly due to the fact that they are impressed by Ger ramparts of Vauban. Barbed wire tren man thoroughness. Now let there be no ches scar the favoured promenade and the aristake. The war has shown the effective the telephone wires have again been shot steppe, consisting of fine gray send over-
corner to about 1,500ft
The central portion is a regular lying limestone rock, with hardly a tree or running water. The rivers lose along the coast from Constantia north wards runs a belt of lagoons. The re- mainder of the coast is steep and high. may be inferred, the population is The most important feature of the Dobrudja is the delta of the Danube, which occupies an immense triangular plain completely covered with reads, and dotted with numerous lakes, connected by small canals with, and acting as reservoirs for, the three main arms of the Danube: Kilia, Sulina, and St. Georg. On account of strong currents and the large amount of silt the Kilia arm, the largest, is almost aceleas for navigation, and the annis' is, on the whole, the case with the Bt. Georg arm
playing ground of the families now seat tered through France.. Gaping walls and only its ineffectiveness, but its grotesque the Guards had to withstand a severe themselves before reaching the sea, Alb cracked cellars show glimpses of twisted bedsteads in broken homes; the red roofs, where roofs remain, are littered with tiles torn up and shattered by explosion; in the streets are scattered the earth and stories sent flying by the morning" hate," Verdun has not suffered as Ypres has suffered, but, fest the enemy should read in this an invitation to increase the daily ration of a hundred shells or so, it should be stated that the work of making the town uninhabitable has been very thor oughly accomplished. Only one building made famous by its bombardment, the remains untouched, and in this town
ness of German education in certain de to pieces, and rumour, is the only thing partments of life, but it has shown not we have to depend on. One company of absurdity, in regard to other departments. of life, and those the departments which attack of the French after losing machine-gung. They must have suffered are, even in 3 political sense, the 108 badly in the mud, but at last they got important. In the organization of material resources Germany, has won well into a tuanel. Wounded men brought merited admiration, but in regard to back confused accounts. sparse. moral conduct, and in regard to all that The correspondent goes on in his art of dealing with other men and other staccato style." Evil and hard, and nations which is closely allied to moral one can only grind one's teeth and choke conduct, she has won for herself the down curses. The divisional general horror of the civilised world, If you must steel his heart, and keep the work take the whole result, and nak whethering room in his head free from all the we prefer German or English education, anguish of these days. Outside there the at any fate should not hesitate in my patient ones, the heroes All day long reply. With all its faults, English the enemy worked with heavy mines. education is a thing generically superiot Three and four guns he played on one to the German.
printer point. It was like the Day of Judgment, Mr. Temple proceeded to insist that and indeed graves were bursting forth in | general education must include, if it was all directions Even in these opened to be truly general, the training of all
be shown to all visitors.
ROADS AND RAILWAYS, Roads are not numerous, and only Low are good. The chief are one run- coast from Tultcha through Babadagh and Con stants to Mangalia, and another unit ing Tultcha with Isetcha and Machin, on the Danube.
intact house is treated as a "sight" to the faculties, and this plainly covered Braves it was almost impossible to ob The Sulina arm, owing to the activity! manual work as well as mental work tain shelter from shell splinters. It of the European Danube Commission, The has been made an easy and secure high- In the centre of the town where the Technical instruction might be of com- whistled and gurgled and hailed. bombardment was heaviest, little remains mercial value, but it had nothing to do enemy flying men boldly descended and way for navigation. of modern Verdun, but much has come to with education, and they, as interested in swept the positions with machine guns. light of the ancient city where Rome education, had nothing to do with it, There were no guns with which to reply planted one of her grim sentinels of except that they protested against such to them. Empire.
The soldiers must have been dull and ning parallel with the Here the enemy's guns ex- early specialization as might develop the cavated through the living down to the wealth-producing capacities at the cost of tired, hiding thero in holes and holding dead, and the destruction of all housca dwarfing the human nature as a whole out. Any one of them would have gladly laid bare an old Roman wall the existence Education was very vitally concerned to exchanged this dog's life for a visible of which had been quite unauspected. It see that the physical conditions were such danger where he could defend himself is now uncovered along the whole mile as might be the basis for the intellectual They wore hungry, but for food of all and a quarter of its ciroumference, Frem and moral life. For the spiritual de kinds they had a loathing. They this old wall, so far undented by Krupp velopment of the rising generation they suddenly experienced an indescribable there stretch out the circles of defence of argently needed that corporate life in thirst. Water! No. there was not a successive civilizations. First, come the schools which the so-called public schools drop of water.
No water could grass mounds and masonry fortifications possessed in so large a measure,"
be fetched, for the brave fellows behind, nf Vauban; then the inner line of the The school leaving age selected was un-between Death and the Devil, could not forts which were modern when this war fortunate in the inst degree. It released get through with the water-bottles broke out then trench after trench, field children from the discipline of school just The bitter necessity of waiting after held, of barbed wire seam the at the moment when discipline began to No support could come to them, Behind plain and mount in terraces upon the be most essential. The child was taught them rattled the hail of the curtain fire. ring of hills towards the crest and ridges, to read, and was then sent away from The German artillery replied with its the stubbled fields which once were the school at a time when it was too early green woods of the Mense, to the grim to have begun the training of his taste quickest words. They did their beat. If only those others would come, those over line, marked by trailing veils of smoke and judgment. A system which depended there 1 And they come. Our men curse and fume, where trenches no longer exist, upon a kind of educational ladder, by and the men huddle down under what which men and women might climb from their rifles coated with mad, and take cover they can get in the craters of shell one section of society to another, was in to the bayonet and the hand grenades and of mine. The country for miles a fair way to train a nation of self- And then the murden begins."
These reports of the Somme fighting Bround is blasted and scorched; in every Beckers. Their demand-and here he village there are ruins; yet there is the knew that he was speaking for the whole of which there have been several lately, feeling of spring in the air, the sap of community of Labour-must be for the pitched pretty much in the same key victory is rising,
educational highway. The aim of educa are hardly calculated to give the Ger tion was primarily spiritual, and there man public the assurance that all goes were three, and only three, primary aims well in the West. One wonders, in fact, Events in the Somme have naturally of the spiritual life. There were Good why the field Censor permits such reports eclipsed recent happenings around Veruese Truth, and Beauty.
to pass, as it is clear that they must flun, nevertheless much that is interest- Bishop Welldon said he was glad Mr. exercise a very depressing effect. And ing has been going on. The initiative Temple had not disparaged the English what a world of difference between such has passed entirely to the French, and education of, the past.
Was there any letters, descriptive of the calmities to they have been using it to very excellent country which could beast of a literature which the German soldier is now expood mrpose. Day after day they have been such as ours or name, a quarter of the and those reports of the early months harrying the enemy along the Thinument discoveries in all the sciences! He of the war when the war correspondent Vnux front, every now and again seizing thought that German education had been tickled his readers with amusing stories a few hundred yards of trench, and mak
ahown ing prisoners in batches of two or three war was over we would reconsider our and caution, and with chatty descrip
up, and he hoped that when the of British and French unpreparedness 18 free from ice in the winter. hundred with such frequency that there educational system and eschew the charac is no doubt in the mind of the Staff that teristic features of the German educations of the easy task before the Kaiser's
armies.
THE GERMAN MORAL.
The Master
the moral of the enemy is distinctly on tional system of Balliol (Mr. A. L the down grade, eren after allowance. has been made for the fact that the Sorame naturally now get the pick of the enemy's troops.
A few days ago, such a large batch of Germans started running towards the French line that their intentions were mistaken by the French, who called for a barrage from their artillery. The artil Jery got straight on to the middle of the men, half of whem were forced back to their own trenches. the other halt getting into the French lines.
The Governor of Verdun had an ex- traordinary experience with a batch of
prisoners who were being marched down Ao the rear. As they passed him they were all singing with great gusto the Marseillaise, and could offer no explana- tion for this eccentric performance The French explain most things about their prisoners by the word "servilité"; and they say in the singing of the Marseillaise merely the desire of their prisoners to curry favour with them. While an Eng- Tish senso of humour might prompt our inen, in similar circumstances to sing the "Hymn of Hate, it is not to be ime gined that they would strike up "Deutsch land über Allies".
TRIUMPHA OF ORGANIZATION,
AN OLD SOLDIER RELATES HIS
· EXPERIENCES.
Smith) delivered the Citizens lecture BEFORE AND AFTER WAR
the Town Hall in the evening. Deal- ing with education, he said that after the the cooperation of democracy and intelli war nothing could save our world gence. In the future we must have an educated democracy. The which a sufferently big schemosphere in started was around us now; but he was certain from the experience of past his vocated the raising of the school age to tory that it would not last long. He ad- 10 or 18 and the development of con tinuntion, schools, the teaching to be part of the day's work and not given after
the day's work.
STATE REGULATION OF INDUSTRY.
RESOLUTION PASSED AT THE TRADES UNION CONGRESS.
Bovril develops
big reserves of strength
IT MUST BE BOVRIL
BRIT SH TO THE BACKBONE
SEAGER'S
OLD TOM
GIN
is the ONLY GIN
approved and recommended by the Consulting Scientific Staff of the British Analytical Control.
SOLE AGENTS:
H. RUTTONJEE & SON,
“... 16, QUEEN'S ROAD.
[1203
LIJN
JAVA-CHINA-JAPAN
BERAMEN
HEGULAR FORTNIGHTLI SERVION BETWEEN JAVA, CHINA AND JAPAN.
There is only one important railway line, that from Bukarest to Constantza The Dobradjen portion of the line, be tween Tchernavoda and Constantzo was built by an English Company in 1860, and acquired by the Rumanian Govern- ment in 1859 The Damul is crossed by means of a bridgo 111 miles long be tween Fatoahti and Tchernavoda. Tho structure consists of an iron bridge about 1,000 yards in length over the Bortcha arm, of a dam with several viaducte eight wiles long and 18ft. high over the maraby land, and of a second bridge, about one mile long, over the main Danube arm at Tchernavoda.
The most important port is Con- * TJITARORM stantza, to the development of which town has also a great military value much attention has been devoted. Tho
• TJILIWONG. because it forms with Mangalie the only cint where a safe landing can be made. and because its possession decides the fate of the powerful defensive line im properly called the wall of Trajan. This work occupies the depression along which runs the railway line from Teher navoda to Constanta, and consists of a complex system of three lines of en- whole hagh with fortifed camps. Con trenchments, studded throughout its at moreover, is on the shortest route from the Danube to the sea and
F
is Sulius, at the south of the Sulins. Besund in importance for navigation arm, & free port within the jurisdiction of the European. Danube Commission, The other towns, Mangalia, Tultcha, Beni--at the confluence of the Pruth- Inatcha (the best connection between Bessarabia and Dobradja), Bilistria &c., are only of secondary important.:
The position of Bilistria gives it,
THE KEY OF THE DOBNUDJA,
FROM
EXPECTED
[WO. SO
Win dnevn
ABOUT ON OR AROUS
BHANGHAI
2nd Nov,
4th NOT.
JAVA
KOBE
3rd Nov.
6th Nov.
JAVA & MAKASBER
TJJBODAS
TJIKINI...
JAVA & MACAESAR
JAVA
13th Nov.
17th Nov.
KOBE
11th Nov.
14th Nov.
SHANGHAI
The Zambomen Meu ali itial throughout with Kimetrio Light and have socommodation for
a Hatitud mumber of Balcon Famesgars. All staammin ostry à duly qualified surgeon. Curge aken at through rutar to sil porta in Katkarlands India and Anslania, "
Fi** Parizalarn of Freight and Famngs, syply to the
Tork Building, La Floon.
JAVA-CHINA-JAPAN LIJN.
Telephone Ha. 1874.
JAVA-PACIFIC
OF THE
LINE
JAVA-CHINA-JAPAN LIJN.
MORELT Btion Berwunn
however, a great strategical value, the NETH. INDIA, MANILA, HONGKONG & SAN FRANCISCO,
late King Carol considering it the key of the Dobrudja." In the opinion of the majority of the International Technical Commission which fixed the frontier between Bulgaria and Rumania in 1879-1880, Silistria should have been allotted to Rumania. But on account of
the opposition of Russia, which was "all for Bulgaria" at the time, it was given to Bulgaria. The frontier agreed upon was impossible from a military point of view, and has been the cause of constant friction between Rumania and Bulgaria
especially as Bulgarian official publi- cations openly considered Dobrudja as a "Bulgaria Irredenta." By the Peace of Bukarest of August, 1913, Bilistria was ceded to Rumanis.
Nars Sailings for BAN FRANCISCO via NAGASAKL
Subject to Change: Without Notion
88. " KARIMOEN ** 8.8 TJERMBANG
8.6. ** ARAYAH
8.8. -* TJISONDARI”
11th November.
1st December.
1917 11th January.
11th February,
The Steamata kave enommodation for a limited number of Saloon Passengas and ostry
a duty quillfed margnome p
Cargo talomon through Bill of Lading to all Overland Points in the United States of Amerion and Canada..
JAVA-CHINA-JAPAN LIJN,
MANAGING AGENT.
For Particulier of Fraight sad Pusage, apply to
York Building,
Shipbuilders.
Esivors, Repairera,
Boilermakern, Binetrics/
and Mechanical Engineer
At the Trades Union Congress last month & resolution was passed condemn ing the policy of discharging soldiers and sailors on the ground that they were no longer fit for service and denying them any pension because their illness was not contracted in the Service; and protesting against the delays in paying pensions tion on behalf of the Parliamentary Com
Mr. H. Smith, who moved the resolu- mittee, said the Miners' Federation had sent nearly 300,000 men into the Army His own branch (Barnsley) had sent over 30,000. Sixteen hundred had been killed and over 600 had returned maited. Some of these had received a very inade quate pension, and a fair percentage had not received a penny. He submitted that once a man was medically passed for ser vice it was the obligation of the country At the Trades Union Congress, which to see that he was cared for. There was
The position of the Dobrudja allows met, at Birmingham last month, a resolu- too much multiplicity of control; pensions an offensive from the north to be con- tion was adopted dealing with the na were inadequate; and there was great ducted on the castern side of the Balkan tional organization of industry. It de delay in payment. When a man left the clared, by way of preamble, that the war Service his Army allowances should be peninsult. There are no mountain "re- had proved the weakness and danger of continued both to himself and to his degions of importance all the way to This crumbling away of the enemy
Constantinople. In order to protect our pre-war industria system, and that pendents. "I know one Poor Law herself from an invasion from this quar- moral is not the only thing which cheers our vital industries must be regulated in union," added Mr. Smith, where 20 mentor Bulgaria has created a strong line up the French solrlier behind the lines.
future by the State. It demanded who have broken down in military wrvice The world has been accustomed to think specifically the appointment of a Minister are in receipt of relief. It is a disgrace," of defence upon the eastern Lom and for too long that the Germans alone in of Labour and Industry, the national Mr. W. Thorne, M.P., in seconding the Provedis rivers the strongly fortifed Rustchuk - Bazgrad - Shumis-Provadio Europe knew the secrets of organization, control of land, the rational ownership resolution, said that Mr. Arthur Hender Lord Northcliffe has described in The of food storehouses, war munitions, rail son was to all intents and purpose the Varna line. For Bumanis the posses Timer the wonderful achievement of the ways, and mines, and a first claim for the Chairman of the Chelsea Commissioners aion the Dobrudis enables her armies French Staff during the early critical State on the use of all shipping, and they looked to him to speed up the to turn the Danube in her own territory, and to maintain a war flotilla on the days of Verdun, in converting the roads Another resolution adopted by the Con- work. into a huge moving platform of motor gréas required the Government to provide
Mr. J. W. Gardner (Navvies' Union), Danube An offensive by an enemy He cars even yet the chief crop of the coun- for the employment of men on demobiliza a veteran delegate and an old soldier, through the Dobrudju is less easy. tryside appears to be motor-lorries. You tion, by the reinstatement of those able said he remembered marching away to would still have to force the Danube, come across great fields of them, you so to do their former work, and the securing warto the tune of "The girl I left behind a da crossing could be effected at them hidden in woods, lined up along the of suitable employment for those who me and marching back to the tune of Silistria, Hiraova, Braila, or Galatz roadside by the hundred; but of the great through injury, were unfit for their old so remembered that scores of his old on in a region poor both in communi "Bee, the conquering hero somes"; but The offensive would have to be carried motor procession described by Lord occupations. Northcliffe in March very little remains. The Congress aext discussed a resolu- comrades died in the workhouse.
cations and resources, and under the Thanks to hard work and organization tion proposed by the London Society of
The resolution was agreed to.
serious threat of a counter-ofausive from the motor supply service has been cut Compositors declaring that every effort
either flank. From the sea the Dobrudja down by two-thirds, and its place has been should be made to preserve industrial
can only be attacked through the Soling takon by railway transport over a large peace and thereby assist to secure the FIFTEEN NATIONS INVOLVED IN arm, at Constantra, or Mangalia- system, every rait of which has been laid prosperity of the nation after the war.
Trinas down while the Battle of Verdun was in The Parliamentary Committee were in progress. You see this organization structed to approach the Government and throughout the whole countryside; in the the Employers Parliamentary Associa villages, where each house has a notice tion in order to discuss terms that would stating the number of people its cellars secure this object. For three years, the can accommodate in case of bombard terms to include, among other things, a ment; along the roads; in the countless compulsory 48-hour working week in traffic directions: in the hundreds of every occupation, 's compulsory minimum water points established by the Army, wage of 30%. for all adult workers, and Above all, the effects of organization compulsory membership of trade unions
for all workers, are to be seen in the cheery and contented Faces of the poilus, who are better clothed than soldiers have ever been before in France. They are sure of victory, and every day the means of acquiring it become more and more plentiful. There 3 no grousing,
*
as there was last year,
a winter campaign; that prospect Black though it be, has been accepted without murmur or question.
solution, said he was prepared to re MT. E. Naylor, who moved the re gnize that Capital had shown itself a little more reasonable towards trade unionism during the war than usual, and he believed that Capital was prepared to recognize that trade unionism was not body that must be considered in may in- only a force to be reckoned with, but a
dustrial readjustments after the war.
WARL
Fifteen nations are now engaged in the war. They became involved in the follow ing order:
Austria-Hungary Serbia Germany Rugsia France Belgium
Great Britain Montenegro Japan Turkey Italy
July 28, 1914-
July 28, 1914
A GOETHE PROPHECY.
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Electrin. Czanen litting up to 100 Tom
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Mr. Roxburgh, Mesars. Thornycroll'a Bepresentative, is at prosent la Hongkong and may be sona
by appointment,
M. Joseph Beinach, writing in the Figaro, recalls the the following verse from one of Goethe's unfinished frag- Ang. 1, 1014ments called The Awakening of Epi- menides ** - Cursed be he who, by pernicious counsel and insolent audacity, shall try to recommence as a German the enterprise of the Corsican Frenchman! Be it seen or late, he shall feel that there exists an Eternal Right. Great sɛ may be his power and whatever be his efforts it shall go ill with him and hisheke
The point of the quotation, is that, according to the legend, Epimenides slept. for the space for a century, swaking with the 10th year, and that this verse was written in 1815-101 years ago.
Aug. 1, 1914 Aug. 3, B14 Ang a 1914 Aug. 4, 1914 Aug. 22, 1914 Aug 21, 1914 Nov, 1, 1915 May 23, 1915 Oct. 14, 1915 Mar 9, 1916: Ramania
Aug. 23, 2016 Greece
Bept. 28, 1918 There have been 23 formal declarations of war
Bulgaria
Portugal
taking
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