BO UROESOF RUBBER SUPPLY,
[BY PROFESSOR RODERT WALLACE]
ست
'
The production of indiarubber by means of cultivation is rapidly becoming an important industry, in spite of the fact that the great balk of the world's vast annual supply of over 80,000 tond is us yet derived from natural muross collected from tropical jungles, la hot and humid oquatorial regions especially are to be found a considerable unmber of species of forest trees, twining vines, and, more rarely, shrubs. which produce the milk-like juice familiarly known as latex. This contains eacuteboue, which, under simple and inoxpensive treatment, A sudden becomes the rubber of commerce. and unexpected demand for rubber for motor tires and many other minor commercial pur- posos, in addition to a steadily growing demand for the manufacture of rubber shoes, which up till a recent date absorbed about 40 per cent of the world's rubler supply, so taxed natural gources that pricesrose to unprecedented heights, Enhanced prioca have had two important infu- ences on rubber supply. They have (1) stimu Iated the search for wild rubber and extended it into more remote and often unhealthy distriota; and (2) hd to the increase of cultivated, or so called "plaatation," rubbor. Brazil is the main Bource of the supply of wild rabber, although large quantities of forest-growth gubber cono from West Africa-especially from its main contre, the Congo river basin. The Federated Malay Statos, on the other hand, ara the strong- hold of the cultivated-rubbor, industry. Ceylon is a competitor, but a long way behind in quan. tity. Of an estimated amount of 10,030 tons from the two contros for the past year, about 500,600 tons will be the yield of the Ceylon plantations.
THE DIFFERENT QUALITIES OF RUBBER.
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, MARCH 7TH, 1911.
CROSSLEY BROTHERS, LTD.
OPENSHAW, MANCHESTER.
MAKERS OF
GAS & OIL ENGINES,
MARINE ENGINES, MOTORS & MOTOR
GAS
CARS,
PLANTS
FOR POWER
AND HEATING
PURPOSES, TO WORK WITH ALL KINDS OF EUEL. SUCTION
PRESSURESYSTEMS.
AMMONIA RECOVERY
PLANTS, &o
HAVE ALREADY MANUFACTURED CLOSE UPON 70,000 ENGINES.
SEVERAL OF THESE ENGINES CAN BE SEEN NOW AT
WORK IN THE COLONY.
AGENTS FOR HONGKONG & SOUTH CHINA:
W. R. LOXLEY & CO.,
YORK BUILDINGS.
is
In quality, Eastern rabber is somewhat soft, Institute of Medical Research at Krala Lum while the strength of Brazilian Para is 25 to 30 pur, is engaged in investigating what is likely per cent. greater. Although soil and climate to prove an interesting means of prevention ag
He has shown that recovery have a certain modified influence on the quality well as cure of rubber derived from the same species of trop more mpid when a patient receives in his food grown in different parts of the world, the an addition of the dark-coloured material which acknowledged inferiority of "plantation" Parnis rabbed from the surface of halled rice daring Bs against the best wild Fars is wainly due to the fact that all the parent trees from which the Para plantations of the Malay States, Sumatra, Java, and Ceylon were furnished belonged to the variety of heros found in the Tapajaz river district, where the weakest samples of Brazilian rubbor are produced. Its commercial value is to-day from bd. to 7d. par Ib. less than the bari ours . Moreover, the serappy, from the Tapajoz district, is always more or lea fermont- ed when it arrives.et market, a condition which often occurs in the plantation grades when shipped any great distance.
The difference in quality between plantation and wild Para rubber may be partly due to the difference in the methods of tapping, and to the coagulation of the Intox. In Erazil, a hateket Je used to make the incisions from which the latex Bows. That from the first two toppings, being table to yield an inferior product, is not smoked, but used as sorappy, Coagulation is socomplished by smoking over a slow fro-tho. later being slowly poured on to the upper sido of a revolving pelo which gradually collects ring of solid rubber round its centre. The pactive rinciples in the smoke-Leosote aud other products of vegetable combastion-pro serve the material from the attacks of white mould which are liable to decompose (ferment) unsmoked rubber, A mouldy appearance on smoked Para rabber .comes rathor nts a blom like that of the grape and is indicative of superior quality. Olay partial suscoss has so far attended the efforts of the rubber exports at the Botanic Gardens, Singapore, and others to formulate a practicable method of coagulating newly drawn later by means of smoke. Tho all bat universal protiss exists of coagulating by the intendieron of "small quantities of acid-sually acetic acid, although a few planters om; y dilute by drooh- Iorio and other weak acids, moluding the juices of citrons fruits. It is now widely believed that adil, even in moderata quantities, used to coagulate rubber lowers its market value by reducing its strength and its resiliency, and that it is only a matter of time till the products of the combustion of wood or of coconut fibro, either as smoke or collected and need in liquid form, will supersede the soirs,
-
+
A modified attempt to undo part of the injury resulting from the use of seid in malo by smok ing the shoots of rubber during the process of arying, but the best results will probably not be got till acid is completely discarded.
BCIENCE AND RUBBER PRODUCTION, Bolence is capable of doing much for the rubber planter in competition with the wild rubber collostor not only in the manufacture of the product, but in the cultivation and pre- sorvation of his trees, and in safording the lives of his workers. It is estimated that in the Amazon valleys the collection of every ton of rubber costa two human. liros. Work has
the process of polishing or whitening it for market. It is believed that the use of rice as food which has not been deprived of some of its most valuable constituents, including phos phorus, may go a long way to prevent the occurrence of beri-beri, or modify it severity when it does appear.The Tymes.
BARCLAY,
PERKINS
FAMOUS
LONDON STOUT.
The
NOTICES TO CONSIGNEES
NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES.
THE P, &'O. 8. N. Co,'s Steamer"
"MARMORA;" FROM BOMBAY, COLOMBO AND STRAITS.
Consignees of Cargo by the above-named vessel are hereby informed that their goods are being landed and placed AT THEIR RISK in the Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company's Godowns at Kowloon, where each Consignment will be sorted out Mark by Mark the Goods and delivery can be obtained a are landed.
This vessel brings on Cargo:-
From London, &o., er ss. * Moldavia" · From Persian Gulf, ex ss. B. L. 8. N. and B. & P. S. N. Co.'s Steamers, Optional Goads will be tanded hero unleas instructions are given to the contrary within 6 hours.
Goods not cleared by the 7th inst., at 4 Pillig. will be subject to rent.
No Fire Insurance will be offected by me in any caso whatever.
·
Damaged packages must be left in the Go- downs for examination by the Consignees and the Company's surveyors, Mosscă. GODDARD and DOUGLAS, at 10 A.M, on MONDAYS and THURSDAYS. All claims must be prosented within ten days of the steamer's arrival- hand, after which date they cannot be recognised. No claims will be admitted after the goods Leading Brand bare left the Godownis,
EA HEVETT, Superintendent.
ENGLAND.
Hongkong, Let March, 1911.
EAST ASIATIC COMPANY, LTD.,
COPENHAGEN,
NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES. THE Steamship.
THE
"TRANQUEBAR”. having arrived, Consignees of Cargo are heraby informed that their Goods with the exception of Opium, Treasure and Valuables, are being landed and starell at their risk inta the Hurarlous and/or Extra Hazardous best that can Godowns of the Hongkong and Kowloon
be obtained.
SOLD
DVERYWHERE.
·SOLE. AGENTS FOR CHINA":
to be suspended altogether for the thres DADY BURJOR&C®.
Wholesale Wine & Spirit Merchants.
moaths-January, February, and March-whon the rivers are at their greatest height, and when -the conditions generally make it impossible for the employés of the Portaguase and Brazilian companies, which control the work of collection, to operate. In the Malay States on the low- lying plantations where malarial fever might be. expected to lurk, control has been gob of this dreaded enemy of the rubber collector, and the annual death-rate, among coolies in instances has been reduced to 10 por 1,000, Bat a new phase of the fover difficulty has arisen which was one of the chief reasons why the 23 Government of India not long ago stopped the supply of indentured cookies to the Malay States.
insuy
Week.
Whorf and Godown. Company, Limited, Kowloon, and West Point Godowas, whenes delivery may be obtained.
No Claims will be admitted after the Gooda have left the Godowns, and all Goods remaining andelivered after the 9th inst. will be subject. to rant..
All broken, chifed, and damaged Goods are to
SWEDISH EAST ASIATIC
CO., LTD.
GOTHENBURG.
PROPOSED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG (SUBJECT TO ALTERATION).
STEAMERS
DESTINATION.
COFENHAGEN and BALTIC PORTS... "YEDDO"
DATE: OF SAILINGS, End of March. For Freight and Further Particulars, apply to
TELEFIONE No. 171. OLOF WIJK & CO., CHINA AGENCIES, AKTIEBOLAG..
YORK BUILDINGS, TOP FLOOR, Hongkong, 2 rd February, 1911.
[46
NORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD.
BREMEN
IMPERIAL GERMAN MAIL
TOR
KUBE & YOKOHAMA... NAPLES,
LINES.
GENOA ALGIERS, GIBRALTAR, SOUTHAMPTON, ANTWERP & BREMEN BHANGHAI, TSINGTAU, KOBE
YOKOHAMA
MANILA, YAP, ANGAUR,
NEW GUINEA, BRISBANE, SYDNEY & MELBOURNE
KUDAT
SANADAKAN...
Capt. J. RANDERMANN
"LUTZOW
{
TO SAIL.
About 7th March,
Wed'day, Bih Mur., at NoON
About
STEAMEES:
COBLENZ,”
TONS 6,750
Capt. H. BEGENER
"YOROK,"
17,000
17,300
Capt. H. REGENKB, 6,750.
"BORNEO".
Capt. F. SEMBILL
5,050. (End of Mar.
New
Capt. B. WILHELIT. {
“COBLENZ,"
Btk March.
Saturday, 25th
Max., ut D'light
All the Steamers of the European Dine are fitted with Wireless Telegraphic, Bystem of Telefunken,
For Further Fartionlar, apply to
Hongkong, 1st Masch, 1911.
NORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD, MELCHERS & Co.. GENERAL AGENTS HONGKONG & CHINA. CHINA
PASSENGER SEASON 1911.
IN 25 DAYS TO ITALY
BY THE
MAGNIFICENT N.D.L. LINERS:
""PRINZESS ALICE'
Capt. P. Grosca,
DISPLACEMENT.
20,300
ON MARCH 22ND,
« LUETZOW
17,800
ON APRIL SÖTIL
Capt. B. WILHELMY
KLEIST
ON APRIL 19г.
Capt. O. PANKE;
VISITORS AT HOTELS.
HONGKONG HOTEL
Mr & Mrs D. P. Allen.
and maid
Mr J. Alsop
Mr. J. I. Andrew
Mr G. E. Armstrong
Mr J. Arthur, Jr.
Mr F. W. Aston Miss E. Atterbury airs F. N.
N. Atterbury
Mr J.
Audidet Baron M. V. Babo Mr and Mrs J. H. Backhousa
Miss Bancroft
Mr & Mrs C.G. Bartlett
Mr L. Bookingsale Mr and Mrs N. F
Blanche
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Mr and Mrs C. Van
den Born
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Mr W. C.Bunnor Mr W. Harit Mr & Mrs H, Campbell Mrs Carroll Mise Carroll'
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afra F. Cerwin
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Crzallitan
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Ehrenfels Mr P. Entickup
IL G.
G. Fiobor
Fordham
Capt. W. BI
ᎪᎱ
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& infant
Goodin
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Mrs
J. Gould
E,
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BED. Hous Capt. T. P. Hall Mr & Mrs C.
Mr.
Fall
J.C. Hamilton Mrs C. Haminond
Mr & Mrs Harpiðal Mr B. A. Harnett Mr & Mrs R. D. Harvey Bon. Mr. & Mre, El. A.
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Howatt
H. Holmes
Dr. 8. Hongh
མམ་
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Mr L. Judell Mr. C. Julian
י
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Mr K. Kishida
Mr. P. H. Klimanok, Me & Mrs W. D. Kraft Mr F. C. Lashlan Mr G. M. Lack Mr. G. T. Lloyd Mr A.
A. C. Lofta
Mr Af
Lugart
AT. C. Long Mr and Mrs M. F.
Lovenstein, 2 chlidren,
Mr
maid and iuft.
S. Lowrie
Mira Lubboel: & meið
R. E. Labbook, R.N.
Miss Labback
Mr & Mr F. A. Magee
Miss H. M. Magee
Alr
R Matawnetz Mr V. E. T. de Marney Dr. O. Marriott Miss K. Minadoy
K. "Capt. & Mra
Mr S. H. Mathie
Mr T.
P. McAran
P.
Col. & Mrs Mcintyre Mr. & Mr. J. Meier
Mr J. Marecki
Mr B. C. Mitoħoll Mr G. Mordhorst
0. Mordhorsh
Mr 0.
Bir A. 3. Mott
Mr
મા
Mr. A. U. Moulder MP. W. L. Nanninga Mr
Mr A. Namycleerto. Mr. L. R. Needham
Capt. J. Nicholas Air R. J. Nicol Mr W. North Mr. and Mrs. F. D.
Northcombe
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app
Pavitt
Mr F.
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Ray
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and child
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and maid
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-H. Rose
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Mr L.
Stansfield
Dr. O. Etzebel Miss Stuebel Mr J. B. Suttor Mr & Mra Thar
Mr.
Mrs
ud
Stringe
dra. M. L Walker
Me.& Mrs. H.J.H. White Mr. D. White Mr&Mre OP. Whitney Mr M. S. Wightman Mr G. G: Wood sie J, B Wood Mr F. C Wright
KING EDWARD HOTEL
Mr & Mre E. E. Auçott Pr Bélilios
CALLING AT NAPLES, GENOA, ALGIERS, GIBRALTAR AND SOUTHAMPTON Me M. P. Beattic.
TO LAND PASSENGERS: :.
All the Steamers of the European Liar are,fitted with Wireless Tolographic. Now System of Telefunken.
Early booking recommended,
For Particulars, apply to
Hongkong, 10th November, 1910.
MELCHERS & Co., GANERAL AGENTS,
(41
EAST ASIATIC CO., LD.
COPENHAGEN, SINGAPORE, BANGKOK & SHANGHAI.
be left in the Godowns, where they will be RUSSIAN EAST ASIATIC CO., LD.,
examined on the 9th inst., at 9.30 A.M. MAA
All Claims must reach us before the 14th
inst., or they will not be recognizeck
No Fire Insurance will be effected,
Bills of Lading will be countersigned by the Unademedgzind
This Steamer brings Cargo:
Ex 8.8. “ Oscar Dickson” from Christiania, Ex 8.8. "Transport" from Drammen.
MELCHERS & Co.
Agents. Henckong, 2nd March, 1911.
STEAMERS
ST. PETERSBURG & VLADIVOSTOCK, PROJECTED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG.
SUBJECT TO ALTERATION.
DESTINATION
19
47
DATE OF SAILING. SHANGHAI, YOKOHAMA and KOBE......“ CATHAY "
im. On 19th March, COPENHAGEN and BALTIC PORTS. RANQUEBAR" On 10th April.
NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES.
FROM SHANGHAI, KOBE AND, MOJI
THE Stear
THE Steamship
Low WATEL.
kong
Mea
imte.
hta.
ft. in.
HONGKONG TIDE TABLE.
From March 7th to 13th, 1911. HIGH WATER.
བ
Height.
Height,
4 6m 7 5 3 1 1356-1 9.31 2. 2 4.7 4 1 742 3: 6
D 11 6 1 9
GREGORY APCAR," having arrived from the above Ports, Con signeos of Cargo are hereby informed that their goods will be delivered from alongside
Cargo impeding the discharge will be landed at Consignees' risk and expense into the hazar dous and/or extra hazardous Gedowns of the Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company, Limited.
'kong
MOAD
Time.
h. m.
7 m 2 20
8 in
2 59 of
20
·4 18
6 4
10 m: 7 59
25-40 &
Sat.
3 9
14 6m 10:29 a 4: 1 11 m 8 44 4 m 1·23
6.48 6 8 0 17 a 4.0 12 m 9. 8 4. 6 m2 5. 0.9
7 44 a 7 0 13 930148 2 42
8 34 al. 7. T
0 m 8 27
20
36
A SOCIAL AND POLITICAL NOVEL OF ABSORBING INTEREST,
A noe variety of fever-bearing mosquito (Anophelis) has been found, which breeds in
Tues running water-viz, the streams of rivuleta discharging from the elevated ground, and se
Wed. disastrous has the effect been that the annual Thurs. 9 m death rate of coolies working on plantations situated in hilly country has in some instancos. rison to 300 por 1,000. Medical and Sanitary Fri. authorities are at work experimenting how best to overcome the difficulty. A system of covered alrains is thought to be the most practical effec tive means available; and it is being determinai Su whether the covering up of the sources of the streams by a system of closed drains is sufficient Mon. or if the covering must be extended all the way to the flat land below.
PROVISIONS MADE FOR LABOUR.
HONGKONG METEOROLOGICAL
REGISTER.
Hongkong Observatory, March 6th,
While it was right and proper for the Government of India to prevent indentured coolies being retained when unwitting by caught in one of those death-traps, the action of the Government does not prevent unindentured coolies, who are free to move from one employez to another, from taking engagements in such places if they wish to do so. Hospital accom modation is by law provided conjointly by groups Barometer of adjoining estates under the charge of a rest Temperature. dent nativo doctor, who is visited periodically by a Humidity European doctor. The chief dilenity is to induce the men suffering from fever or from bari-beri, which is also very prevalent, to go to the hospital in the early stages of an attack Kain when the influence of available remedies would be not only more immediate but much more successful. When taken in time, beri-beri gen be very easily cured, and Dr. Fraser, of the
Wind Direction
Force........ Weather
Previous On Date On Date
Day
at
at
at 4 p.m. 10 a.m.
29.30
29.96
4 pm.
29.84
72
73
77
80.
80
62
B3W
NNW
0
Highest open air Temperature on 5th...76 Lowest open air Temperature on 51 64
No Fire Insurance has been effested. Bills of Lading will be countersigned by
DAVID SASSOON & Co., LTD.,
Agents, Hongkong, 4th March, 1911.
1397
CHILDREN OF FAR CATHAY
By CHAS. J. HALCOMBE
(Formerly of the Imperial Chinees Custom
Service, Author of The Mystio
Flowery Land," etc.).
For Further Particulars apply to
Hongkong, 4th March, 1911.
STEAMSHIP RUBL ZAFIRO
MELOHERS & 00,
AGENTS.
PHILIPPINES S.S. CO.
| Tone. | CAPTAIN
4000
8. Crosby 4000
IL. Mainland.
For Freight or Passage apply to Hongkong, ist March, 1911.
FOR
SAILING DATE,
Manila, Cebu & Iloilo | On 10th Mar., 4P.M, Manile, Cebu & Iloilo On 20th Msr., 4PM.
SHEWAN, TOMES Y CÓ floral Managers.
PHILIPPINES SS. Co.
£13
Mr Mat Blokzya Mire Brands
Mr and Mrs H. B.
Bridger & Son
Mr & Mrs F. D. Crooth Misa Vera. Ferraco Ur C. M. Forrest Miss. M. Gaine Dr. & Mrs Glasor
J. Harria Mr T. Hodsuni Mr T von Hunt Mr-3. W. Hunter
Mr King
Mr. John Lennox Miss Lepreito
Mr & Mrg.R. F.L. Master.
KINGSOLERE
Comdr. F. Acton, E.N. Mra F. Acton Maid
Mr. E. Arndt
Cupt, D, Enird
Mr. H. Bonnett Mr. F. Berington Dr. Black
Dr. & Mrs B.W. Brown Mr.& Airs.E.. Chapman Major B. Clay
Afr. Cooker Mrs P. B. Cow
Mr. mul Mrs. F. M.
Mr.
Crawford
P. S
P. Sydenham Dixon Mr.&Mrs. D. E. Donnelly
dr. J. G. S. Gausden Mr. & Mrs. C. E. Harvey Cratul J. M Macedo Mr. H, Holman
Mr. & Mrs. Mackie, Mr. G. W. Molwer Mr. B. K. Monta
Capt. & Mr. Werleas -, let
Mr.A. P. Nobbs Mr. Packer Capt. and Mrs. W. C.
Passranre
Mr H. Perman Mr Li Peck Mr J. L. Pianiste
Dr. Schulz
M.Sutralsit
MY M.
Dr. Siehart Mr. B. E. Smith
hir G. Stewart
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PRIVATE HOTEL.
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Mr. C. M. Meyer Mr. I. S. Movaison Comdr. J. E. Palmer, Mrs J. E. Palmer Sir Francis Mr.Wm. Pitteandright, Mrs. G. Sach
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Williams
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GRAND HOTEL,
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PORTLAND & ASIATIC S.S. CO. Mr. and Mm H. D.
THE VOLUME which consists of 146 OREGON RAILROAD & NAVIGATION CO.
Pagos, and includes a Sketch Plan of
historical interest showing the disposition of the Forces at the battle of Kwellin, is dedicated? to Sir ROBERT HART, G.C,M.G., and Dr. A RENKIE.
Its description of Chinese Social Customs and Superstitions, combined with the insight i gives into political of Ritions in Chins, maker CHILDREN OF FAR CATHAY" excellent volume for presentation to friends at Home,
Wall bound in Yellow Cloth with Chinos Emblem in Gold.
PRICE
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3,789
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TO SAIL
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FRED J. HALTON, AGENT,
[49
Dr. F. Kort Mr. T. A Kidward Mr and Me, Kaight
and family
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Mise Mar Me E. G.
Marson
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Cupt
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rs. AH.
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新
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