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NAPIER JOHNSTONES'
“SQUARE
PORTUGAL AND ITS FUTURE.
CORRUPT PANTIES.
THE HONGKONG DAILY, PRESS, MONDAY, OCTOBER 31st, 1910.
BY DR. H. J. DILLON IN “DAILY TELEGRAPH,"||{titutions, of which those ex-Minis- tion of disquieting reports about the solvency i
ware
Anancial
a
norative situations when they are in opposi-flopped downinto the easy-chairs of the Credito tion. They tax the people, and dispose of the Predial as governors, or as members of the proceeds largely to their own proft. In this financial board, or secretaries, or in some other way public monies have been systematically hospnsity. omberaled for years.
Among the moans employed to turn out the Struggling men and who put
ut their hard-earned savings in Progressist Cabinet this year was the circula- tors were shareholders, directors, and and thus affairs were in a bad state, its debts large, and of the Credito Prodial. It was alleged that its have been hopelessly ruined. They have lowered the standard of morality, and set up ite profits bloated. The Progressists, shooked policy of " rob who can." Each of these parties beyond words at these rumours, accused their in targ advanced money to the late King adversaries of employing poisoned weapons. illegally, under protonces which they know to and appealed to the patriotism of the nation he false, and for purposes which they were to continue its confidence in the most solid
financial to avow. At the same time they cial enterprise of sabamed
Portugal, the nation the funds noosasary for the education of its youth, the relief of the misery of its lower orders, and for raising the standard at once of living and morality. And each of these political groups, when in opposition, oiled the other for despoiling the people, in order to bribe the King; and ouch of these when in office outdid its adversarios in servility and corruption.
Portugal has long boun working out its destinies la a denso mist, and the revolutionary taru that eronts are now taking was inevitable. Tidings of the forthcoming change intimated to me when in Spain three or four weeke ago. The message
which I then received stated that things in Portugal had come to a
monarchy was absolutely de-anh and that it was impossible for the Administration to he
carried on any régime. under a monarchical went of at ones to Lisbon, and ont the leading politiciana, beginning with the Prime Minister and ending with the ohiefs of the Republican parties. I want to Fortugal fully rang monarchia form of govern convinced I that for the well-being of its people a strong mont was absolutely indispensable; but, after a sorios of interviews with the leaders of the Re-Portugal lack the norous vein to the extent The mon who thus contributed to the ruin of with publican
Dr. Brito party, and in partienlar Casho and Joao Menozes, I became firmly that they call themselves, respectively, Pro- who made and insuod the favourable report
Regenerators! Their progress
I did not think it would break out before No- may be measured by the percentage of dem
accordingly wrote several telegrama-row by the tuingdom, characterised vember. I
in who, though remi-humana to this effect to The Daily Telegraph, but, an learning that they would not be transmitted, misally by poverty and squalor; and from intellectually by the grassest ignoranco, cone to the strict cansorship provailing, I was roinstantly, compelled to abandon may intention the point of view of bygiene by uncleanliness and discses, white physiologically they display of telegraphing.
a marked tendency to degeneration.
It may be asserted without doing violence to facts that the monarchieni régime in Por tagal has fallen became of is own iutritionl rottonness. The Republicans had simply to hold upa mirror to its follies, without even taking the trouble to comment upon them. And the paper which did more than all others to bring about the downfall of the dynasty was that of which my friend, Dr. Camacho, is editor-in-chief, A Lucla (the Combat). The sins of the Monarchist party wer numerous. piable, and continual The systematic and clandestins manner in which the nation was robbel by the Monarchist parties, both Liberal and Conservativo, in order to supply defi- ciencies in the Civil List, would have boon a Roandal ia Turkey. And those suicidal acts of the Monarchists have never been explained, stored for, or even apologised for,
But more corrosive than the publication of these facts word the attacks of the Monarchists thomsetves against their own King. The
into BOTTLE"s with all its might and the atmost
its
WHISKY.
AS IN 1745.
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150 YEARS.
·IMITATIONS.
BOLE AGENTS IN HONGKONG:
venom, and not only did it fall foul of the Minis- ters, but it dooried the members, of the Royal family as well. I could quote pages of the foulest cainmnies thus hurled by newspapers of the Monarchist Opposition against the King, and, I regret to add, against the Queen Mother. The Repablicans with whom I am acquainted refused to spread these dastardly lies,
REPUBLICAN SELF-CONTEOL.
The only party in Portugal which has any disciplino, organisation, or steady aim is the Repablican party. The progress which the Portuguese who belong to this political associa
At the same time, however, an investigation was ordered, and the people who made it were remunerated highly for their services. They found that everything was in apple-plo order, that the profits were not bloated, inat real profits fairly earned, and that the dividends And they paid were in proportion to them. themselves ordered the payment for the current year of an 8
an 8 per cent, dividend. The Pro gressists applauded. Did we not tell you"
exclaimed.
attacks continued. For the people
Still the
the
est it was that there should be no complaints, no awkward disclosures. In fact, the Governor Credito Predial was none other than the party, and the invisible weavor of an of the owner of the Progressist cat, the chief of political Intrigues, Luciano de Castre himself. And for this gentlemen and his friends the fects which soon after came to light were ruth- lessly compromising. It turned out that the dividends were not dividends at all, but, capi-
៩
governor
that the profits were flotitions; that the bookkeeping was fraudulent; and that the dis honesty which these fasts connoted had been going on for years. of
course, the of the bank knew nothing of these abures, How could he? Confined to his room, he was Neither were the members of the funncial board basy spinning purely political intrigues. AW aware of these doings, although they, too, word of the Crete Predial know what was going on. highly paid to know. Neither did anyo Progressist officials who drew salaries from the
MYSTERY OF THE KINO'S MURDER. Things progressed in this direction until they could go no furtbor. They reached a point beyond which it seemed as though no change could be for the worse. And the late King Carles, to whom keenness of insight was not denied by nature, determined that the change which ho saw to be unavoidable should, it possible, bo for the better, both for the dy of and the nation. He accordingly singled out of that
company of tainted politicians the one who had no personat aims, and who was fired man who had kept himself free from taint, by patriotic zealand on his he bestowed the powers of a dictator, with instructions to cleanse Numbers of trustful investors, who could the State of the foul disease of which it was fast not split hairs or make these fine distinctions, dying. Joao Franco began the work of purite space. Mr. Castro resigned the post of governor were ruined, for 20,000,000f had vanished' inté tion in the King's palace. He put an end to illegal and dishonest advances that had there of the Credito Predial: bis nominee, the Minis tofore been made to the of the Royal family.
he private treneurs tor of Justice, was hissed out of the Ministry: be reached and the whole Cabinet followed them into. the politicians and stopped their unclean momentary retirement and intensified activity. supplies, they killed the King and the
THE KING'S DIFFICULTIXA. would Heir Apparent and
have killed Franco himself. Who murdered the King Gossip answers this questions every day, and answers it correctly; but Portuguese justice will never obtain, perhaps over demand, a reply. This is an interesting point. Each party, when in opposition, promises an impartial and exhaustive inquiry, only to find when in power that it has other fish to fry. In this matter of the regicide, Portugal resembles Sorvia.
The crisis broke out while King Manuel was in London attending the obecquies of King Edward. On his return he was confronted with a delicate and dangerous problem-whether to continus his confidence in the Progresaist Premier and authorise a dissolution of the Chambers, or to
entrust somebody elio with the formation of a Cabinet. And in whom to condo. The young monarob's position at this conjuncture was, and, indeed, continues to be, most unenviable. He has not
not been trained for Athwart this wished-for gloom of mystery the profession of constitutional ruler, and the and intrigue, I can discern two facts in sharp equipment, intellectual and other, with which enough outline, And they are of tragio import. nature, bad endowed him, is manifestly inade In the first place the state of thing which was quate to make up for the deficiency. He is
this occurre a couple of weeks ago in
sacrifice him warranted the appointment of Joao menes in every respect, and at the mercy of capital. friend, Senhor Joas Menezes, con-
as dictator has boon perpetuated on ousy victim to designing My Vened mooting of Republicans to be held in There bas been no reform, no change,
at night by torchlight, and no cessation of the Imparative need of native and foreign.
aign. The avil consequence of All the population was in commotion, The change. Therefore it had to come, if not as every act of his that had better be left
evolution, then as revolution.
and of overy opportunity let slip unutilised, Ministers, who deemed the public order to be in danger, announced their intention of d despatching
are magnified a hundredfold by dis ffected men a strong b.dg
to prevent of peace. But Bonhor Menezes declared that
and pufoward svoats. He knows not where to turn for a trusty adviser. Progremists and
When he listens to the one he alienater the
tiou
have made in self-mastery and intelligent interest-in affairs is a wonder to the Portuguese
pas. An instructive they intolerable in 1903-and as I think holpless in
Lisbon at ton o'clock st
the
b.dy of
the
And in the second place, not only the causes that led up to the gruesome tragedy of Fobre tinued operative-silently, impalpably, imper. Bat they never for a
18
moment's
render
notice. His youth and in politicians
undone,
he would take upon himself tho responsibility weary, 1908, but the human forces have cun- Regenitors are siltarred with the same brush.
Militorder, adding that it was really
A
по город.
of self.
momonterative of that foot I have had athers.
Thas his last move has been sharply oriti vised by the Opposition. He refused to allow
stall, seeing that Repablicans, even of remont lowest class, had nequired
staple proof. To the chapter of blood-written control, which the other parties were unable to history which was begun eighteen months ago Senhor Beirao, the Progressist, to dissolve the understand, still less to imitate. The rig the word fin's has not yet been penned. was accordingly held Bone 60.000 persons circumstance that it has so long been dolayed a corded this permission to the Liberals and Chamber and proceed to now elections, then attonded. The scous was in the highest degree Impressire
The authorities, taking Senhor goes far to confirm what intelligent observers
know already that the late King Radicals under Sonber Teixeira da Sousa, Menezes at his word, bad the police at
kopt
in Portugal was murdered not for the ovil which he was said the present Prime Minister. One of the conse hemo, The Republicans were left to themselves, Wardro
to have done, but for the good which he was quences of this decision was that the Pro- tires, opposed the Cabinet tooth and nail, and thus enabled the Republicans to double the number of their deputies. And this, I swu assured, was the aim which they deliberately pursued,
Bill
LAKE. CRAWFORD & D Everything passed off most satisfactorily. The expected to do, not because he appointed agressists joined with the extreme Conserva-
and from ALL WINE MARCHANTS. [46 guaranteed order was maintained. Not a word
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was uttered, not an act committed against the public peace. The orator, at the conclusion of
said to kia followers:
bis net you will now rata-nto your homos, "
diotator and
suspended the Constitutional Government, but because he picked out a raal reformer and empowered him to sweep away the whole system of misrule, the despalling of the many for the enrichment of the for
Portuguese politicians are wise in their geno- ration, and from their point of view do well to keep the King's death en-brondol in mystery for they can gauge wright the disastrous effects of the truth. Where they are unrise, oven from the standpoint of their own interests, is in their resolve secrot
to
the old system going. keep It has done its work, and its day is over. Even by uniting and forming monarchist block they could :o longer prop it p. To-morrow
tho
it will down
not only in perfect order, hat in absolute silence. Dopart as i
ns if you were leaving, not a public moot- ing, bat a secret conspiracy" And they did. But what struck me most of all in Portugal, and what to my mind foreboded the coming revolution more manifestly than suything else wha the number of influential mon of the mon aged classes and men of business who in not only sympathised with the Republican move ment, int helped and clandestinely foment d it. I have seen and spoken to some of these sole muiuspring of their semingly satraordin. with inmeatable consentences to the nation. nion, and I have been neured by them that ary notion was patriotismo. They had been Meanwhile, things seem to move as smoothly ardent Monarchists at heart-were, indeed, still as they generally do on the eve of tragic out- friends of a monarchical régime, if only it could breaks. A deep calm often goes before tha come to the conclusion that for the sake of the country the present monarchy must be sacrificed. It was raining the country both socially and politically, and there was not the faintest hops of any reform or any essential improvement whatever long as King Manueling the vital interests of the dynasty, the or may of his family continued to reign over Poringa!
KISHIDAKE, MIYAO and K1GYObe found but they had reluctantly and slowly storm.
KOMATSU Cosis.
HEAD OFFICE:-MARUNOUCHL,,
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Hongkong, 9th January, 1909
ON SALE.
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How little the Monarchists have the weal of the monarchy at heart may be inferred from the fury with which they have been falling foul of each other since the regioide, and jeopardis-
régime, and the nation, for the sake of personal
wirus.
but
Another significant sign of what was coming
After the murder of the King the Couserte was the orgarness displayed by the Republican
tives formed three Cabinets in succeslep, and Unioleaders in their conversation with me to make
each in turn was overthrown before it had their future foreign policy qaito clear. What
accomplished any work worth mentioning, it is will appear in the following passages. The
Ther a subtle, dexterous, honey-tongued subjoined was the first message which Tintondadonarchist, named De Lima, tried his hand st to send to The Daily Telegraph from Lisbon
an omnibus Cabinet outside the parties, Last week:
he, too, failed dismally. The next Administra to on alliance with Great Britain, as is generally tie party is a wily all Parliamentary hand, But I may here say that they are not avereation was formed by "Progresssinto." The leader assumed; on the contrary, they are willing named Luciano de Castro, whom age and chronic to undertake to put, if necessary, 200,000 illness conine to his room, together with fighting men in the field la return for var naval protection. What they object to is a protector- pet cat which carricaturists love to portray. This politician belds in hin nimble fingers ate and interference in their home affairs."
the threads of Portuguese politics, and from his sick-room draws ap complex plaus In view of the turn which events hare just campaign, which his followers obediently carry taken,
it may be well to cast a retrospective out. He manages, if not exactly to get water glanes at the internal condition of the country to combine with fire, at least to make the It will be remembered that King Manuel's Radical lion sit down with the Mignolia lamb realm has a population of a little over five and the Frankist tiger. His latest nominee million inhabitants, of whom 70 per cent. are for the Premiership was Senhor Beiro, who illiterate, and that a large inadeqantely fod, wretchedly housed, deplorably was overthrown last May, in consequence of housed, deplorably disoleres about & Portuguese Panaus, scan- backward in cleanliness and hygiene, and hardly dalous enough to ruin any party in any country conscions of its misery. All the
but Portugal the good
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One of the most solid fluxucial institutions in
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shareholders were receiving interest at the complish their ends, which are generally per-rate of 8 per cent., so that the profile of the un- sonal,
Thia presumably a supreme contempt for ethical considerations.
it o pro- Eficacy is the only test they apply to the teation of the two principal Monarchist parties, means they employ. Ethically they are naked the one which happened at a given moment to and naashamed. Each of the two parties be in power protecting it, and the one which zoeads the other in the Administration. Their was in opposition drawing pay from it. For, whan they are the governing party, and, by Į salaries as Ministers of the Crown ceased, thay
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