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CHINESE
CREEDS
CUSTOMS
AND
VOLUME
by
II
V. R. BURKHARDT
Illustrated by the Author
Five Colour Platen
SECOND IMPRESSION
$18.00
THE CHINA MAIL, FRIDAY, MAY 1, 1956.
PAPER
"IT CAN'T BE THE STEERING WHEEL. THAT DROPPED OFF MILES BACK "
COVENTRY ROAD
World Copyright by arrangement with the Manchester Quardian
THE THREE MEN BEFORE
Mr B and Mr K
Everything is in this book
the heresy hunts, the intrigue and the espionage
"T
pre-war
In
Benst
de-
Lenin genuinely telleved in mocracy, but all his other beliefs presupposed ita opposite.
The dictatorship
of
The proletariat lo a land whers industrial
བགས་པ།
were Outnum- the
THREE Who Made tant personage
the The most a Revolution," by Bolshevik politics.
of the many striking
workers prools Mr Bertram D.
Given by Mr Wolfe is a letter Wolfe, is one of the most written by Lenin as late as 19th important books ever inquiring urgently from a friend written on the history of the for Stalin's real surname. Bolshevik party.
It is the LANDLORD LENIN
part of a triple biography THE three revolutionaries re- of Vladimir Ulyanov, Lyova sembled each other neither in Bronstein and Joseph soul origins nor in tempera- Legin was the sun 由 Djugashvill, better known meat.
minor bureaucrat, and techale- to the world Trotsky and Stalin.
WALA
ELH Lenin, ally of noble birth. He was for a tline, though the fact is of It
nublished
in in course suppressed America as long ago as 1948 lord on and was widely ne- claimed by the
ex-
One does not, ports. however, need to be
an expert in Russian. history to perceive at
"official"
by
once that Mr Wolfe Robert
writes with a clarity,
a detachment, an au- thority, and
u per- Honal knowledge which puts his work into category.
B
very
high
BLAKE
The present volume, which KOCS down to 1914, will be followed by a second entitled "The Uses of Power"
a small scale. blographies.
by peasants in 1t- self was incom- patible with de mocracy.
In any Case from the
Lenin envisaged not even
Tule.
by
A majority
from within the
his
a land-
projetaries, but by an
elite
a
commitee professional
of
110-
in
Trosky was the son
of an unlettered Jewish
volutionary
tellectuals
sell-
farmer in the Ukraine. chosen for their Stalin's futher wis a
capacity cobbler in Georgia But derstand all three had one thing true
of that which
to
the
neods of in common-membership the masses.
curious class to In 1904 Trot- there is no
po paral-
sky prophctical- except in pre→
warned revolutionary France ~ Lenin: the nineteenth-century
Russian intelligentista,
1
"The
the
organi- of Party will take
to quote Mr Wolfe, by the place of the
alienation
It was a class united, sation
"3
common
Dockey my commit
itself; tho
in the
from existing and a common belief sovereign efficacy of ideas na shapers of life."
then
A
tee will take the place of the Canisation; and finally, the Dic- tator will take the place of the Central Commis tee."
If by a "great man" we mean has for Peculiar difculties face any someone whose career
the lives one who seeks the truth about good or ill changed the early lives of the three great and destinies of milions, revolutionaries-difficulties which Lenin emphatically was such have
no parallel in ordinary man, It is fascinating.to rend historical research.
about his doctrines and methods aged a situation
fought for in which For ever since 1920, in order in the years when
to give plausibility to Stalin's control of a tiny party of seil-conferred papal infallibility, doctrinaire exiles whose chances the art of rewriting history has of power must have seemed in- been carried under his regime conceivably remote.
to lengths which make Mr George Orwell's famous Ministry
of Truth in his "1984" seem in
no way a caricature.
PROPHECY
Neither envl-
the thad be-
synony
party
come
MARX
of
mous with the State, but' Trot- nominees and are survivors sky had mang long years of an era in which every person of exile in which to ponder on the unorthodox or Independent be- truth of his own warning.
liets was eliminated, that the Is there
of the Kremlin be ultimate aims
are unlikely to have changed, ancient Anally that the
any moral to
Records have been suppressed see in embryo as it were drown when we consider
the whole Soviet State.
our
and invented, millions of books Everything is there: denuncla- attitude towards Mr B. and Mr and withdrawn or destroyed, a whole dions, heresy hunts, intrigue, K.? Only parhaps this that, Greeks were not the only people generation of Inconvenient wit- espionage, perpetual manoeuvre whatever they now
nesses removed,
TROTSKY MURDERED
風 The
俗
5. C. M. POST OFFICES
KOWLOON
HONG KONG.. ta
HE leading figure in this pro- cess was Beria, head of the
Russian police from 1938 till his
recent liquidation. The purpose has been to denigrate Trotsky and elevate Stalin to the role of
· Lenin's right-hand man in the conspiratorial years from 1900 to 1917.
Presumably in the near future we may have a new version. It can scarcely be more mislead- ing Chan Stalin's. This was in-
| deed countered by Trotsky who
In exfle managed complete a
of his book.
Judleed, Trotsky's account de
for power,
say about who should be feared even when Stalin, they were once his bringing gifts.
Uncle Joe Does It Again
THRing
the
flims in
the tractor, peer into
shako
By STEPHEN COULTER
Paris. Parls showing and is prized A scene of utter consterna. HE process of liquidat- by French connoisseurs na tion follows. The most brilliant hallowed one of the richest things engineers in Moscow rush up, blography of Stalin shortly be memory of J. Stalin has seen on any screen since the their heads in despair. De dore being murdered by an agent French film lovers wailing immortal Marx Brothers' signers, farmers, experts crowd round but pró bamed, The under orders from the subject and gnashing their teeth. "Duck Soup",
parade threatens to turn into a The Paris firm which die- Though not exactly unpre-tributes Soviet
The climax shows Stalin tangled flasco. Nobody can dis- won't cover why the tractor ДП immense good deal closer to the truth France is having to with reviewing
www Stalin's. It is also much draw its current lot from parade of Soviet civil and 0. Panic is not far off. more readable, since Trotsky
Suddenly, in a deathly hudi, was an author and journalist of circulation because they do military might. With a tre- txrilliance, whereas Stalin wrote vote considerable time to mendous roar it crashes and Stalin filmself descends from Red the stand, walks over and takes that reminds one of commemorating the tran- rumbles across the
Ho enlos his nothing so much, as Crose scendent genius of the tato Square, Suddenly, a super- points, finger and says "Plugs
the. Calechism. And Uncle Joe,
tractor in the middle ranks. In a frice the plugs are Oxed, breaks down-oh horrors, this tractor starts, the parade right-hand One of these films, "Tho just, opposite Stalin's re rumbles forward and the drop- Jawed populice blew by gasping men, was a relatively unlimpor- Oath,” acquired a sensa viewing stutul on Lenin's, Unie (Jows sahilaitian, of
'tional reputation at its first. Tomb!'
wtagging" beningower) og skN L
between Bradshaw.
The truth is that Stalin, far from being Lenin's
V. A.-Thames and skudson, 208,
Fifty years ago the paintings of Sir John Millais' commanded four figure prices. Today, ton of his pictures can be bought for £2,000—the cost of his stotuo they erected in his memory outside the Tata.
THE FALLEN IDOL
JOHN
WATERMAN
THAT goes up must
W
come down. New. ton's law applies not only to apples but also to artists reputations.
On the lawn in front of the Tate Gallery is the proud statue of a man who, in Victorian times, was one
Not many months afterwards Ruskin's wife brought a sult for the annulment of her marriage, she was granted a decree on the of non-consummation. grounds Ruskin offered no defence.
The following year Millais married the former Mrs Ruskin.
All this occurred during the period in which Millais did his best paintings-when, with Hol-
Pre-Raphaelito
of the most renowned of man Hunt and Rossetti, he
the formed artists. He looks the very Brotherhood. This was a cateri figure of prosperity in a which aimed at portraying on
nature
prosperous age ~49 wellen
canvas exactly what they saw he might: his paintings In
They also neither sometimes could not be drank, smoked nor swore--but bought for the equivalent of were not averse to breaking an
Occasional commandment. today's £20,000,
Right
until his death, and His name is Sir John after. Millals's pictures ConTM Everett Millais.
tinued to command four figures. The public, too, bought hle works. More than 100 originals Today this branze Agure, were engraved, and if most of found with palette at the ready, and a them now seem to have gaze indienting eternal disdain their way to Ramsgate boarding for the distan) perspective of houses, in their day they Kennington gasometer, la the pride of place in the Victorian statue of a forgotten man, "front-room."
When the statue was put up
FORGOTTEN MAN
wo
took
no one would then have pre- PRODIGIOUS lleled that this great and The titles "A Reverle," luminous planet of the Victorian "The Gambler's Wife," "Forbid- art world would cool within den Fruit," "Love Birds" - no fifty
years.
more than adequately described the When Millals died, in 1890, a
Milinis subjects which memorial fund was opened to painted. which the Prince of Wales, later Output on a prodigious scale King Edward VII, sent the first of such woric, and the patronage donation, and of which he of prominent figures of his time Disraeli, Carlyle, Tennyson, became chairman,
Cardinal Newman, Sullivan, and whom he portrayed Glada loze, no fewer than four Limes -
Millals the richly ensured for
English respectable life of an country gentleman.
Today few know where the statue is. Even fewer care about the man whom it represents. The sum of more than £2,000
that was so quickly and eagerly given for the statue
would now
D
The fame of such a man might seem quite incapable of eclipse
buy ten of Millais's works, No one wants his paintings.
Not even the memory of
But there has been a drastic scundal which surrounded Mil- re-appraisal in the last quarter-
contury
ials in his early life has sur-
With the aspidistras vived axcept in the pages of from the drawing-rooms of
the reference books to sustain England also disappeared his fume,
plctures which had earned The scandal concerned Millais Milials such prosperity. and the wife of Ruskin, the
the for
prices
great art crille, Millats met the PLUMMETED Ruskins in 1881,
In the auction rooms, the year after he had exhibited picture of Millais's pictures have plum- called "Christ in His Father's meted. "The Eve of St. Agnes" House." The pleture
Once it caused a sold for £830 in 1942. sensation because the detalls had been bought for £2,205. had been taken from a local The big canvas called "Yes" carpenter's shop. The painting fetched a mere 40 gulneas in Once it had sold for was strongly attacked by the 1944. erities, including Dickens, who £1,000. called it "mean, revolting and repulsive."
SUMMER HOLIDAY
man
Over the last 10 years prices odious, of £100 and below in the sale
rooms are common for Millais day pictures which In their But the picture at last found fetched 10 times the amount.
A dealer put the position of And the favour,
who
thus: "Elther the ple- fured the side of public tas'c Millois in Millais's favour was Ruskin. tures are too big for modern Two years later Millals spent houses or the subject does not
appeal to a long summer holiday In Scot subject in right, then the size is modern taste. If the land the Ruskins,
with Mrs Ruskin had led an
married life. Ruskin
creasingly eymoon
On
she
Ruskin reached that
only
until
Mra
years
taler,
In wrong and vice-versa."
In a room in the Tate Gallery where a few of not far frum their had declared to her that, for Millais's paintings are on show in one of Renoir's most famous physical and religious reasons, pletures: "La Loge." she would be his wife in name The picture is worth at least wus 25. When £70,000. Its value has appre- age, cisted many times in the years their relations that Millais's pictures have de- preciated. Today dealers say During Millais's Scots holl- the prices of Renoir, now riding day with the Rusins it rained the crest of the boom, in azt,
"EXCEDE solidly.
at: rare 'will never go down. intervals, it Js. recorded, "sketching was out of question."
Aive
remained unchanged.
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