Paie
THE CHINA MAIL THURSDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1940.
I
S.E.C.
THE GENERAL KIKLIAI, CO, LTD, OF ENGLAND
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MADE IN ENGLAND
HP compiebrasive range of G EC. British-made electric medies and starters includes every type used in modern nemeering practice The manufacture of these nuchines Contortus in Avery respect with the relevant British Standard Specification,
FO
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Queen's Building, Chater Road, Hong Kong
BOANGANIING THE
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ARRIVING SHORTLY
ER DOES ALL TH
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ENGINEERING PAGE PRACTICAL MEASURES TO PREVENT FACTORY MISHAPS
(By PHILIP TYNDALE
DREW)
A century of legisla tion covering factory working conditions has resulted in a very high standard of safety in Bri- tain's industry today. This has boon achieved as a result of constant and careful research into operating circumstances, and the behaviour of machinery as well as the study of the human cle- ment in every industry.
White full credit 12- given to Britain's Inspector of Parteries, it would be unjust not to Kive credit also to en- players themselves
who cop practically with the problem of preventing acetilents.
ייני!
A machine in one of Britain's factories with a dust extractor fitted to it. Where mashine create abrasive dust during operation, dust extractors are being fitted to prevent the dust from barining the health of the worker. This le one of the many practical measures taken in Bri- tain to look after the welfare of workers in Industry.
In fact, the general rul by which leath the Pictury Depart~ ment of 15 sato's Ministry of La hon and the employer have been guided es to keep a move or two abused of existing legislation.
Nickety-tw made,
cal- minating 14 the 1937 Factress Act, exist
withority in provide with adequate powers 10 tel with the devastoral bad empdov-
an every rosehine used in industry į wenving and spinning companies, Stules growers send the raw ma- appeur with
of any kind, no matley what pro-laying down minimum safety-re-terial to Britain. every
Spinning com- The towa generation.
By requirements for spacing of ma-panies are spending hundreds-in setching character. For without ferring
the list, any fac. chinery and guarding.
įsone cases thousands of pounds them. Beedient intes through tory manager will know at once An important clause deals with on installing special dust-extrae- what parts of every machine in the possiblity of expansion, be- tion machinery and all-spraying
installed mure looms to increase These safety-proctlees govern- thr Ove recognised output in existing space, with the ing cotton-mill operation In Bri- merely incorporate revommenta- methods of guarding or 41 com-result that cramped working contain today -have been arrived at La ric in voluntary agree.bination of them cati be applied ditions increased the risk of ne- after a long process of improve- ments between the Inspector of | to ARY machine. The
five cidents. Today, in erecting ment on voluntary agreements. Factories and various industries methods are
3יי
are
WHETH
014
Ameri
negligence would be much highs plant must be guarded to pre-cause in the past firms sometimes equipment to reduce this danger.
than they actually are,
Many of the requirements laul vent areidents. down in the 1037 Factories Art Any
2. An nulomalle guard, or
An interlock guard, or
as far back ar
The Com- mittee un Accidents in Factories deckien the art conferences should be held regularly in these Industries a) discuss the means of nointioning safe opera Ling conditions.
[估子]
1
A fixed guard, or
4
A trip gaurd, or
5.
A positional safety guard.
איום!
Obviously. these agreements had no legal value. But for that
they hart an even very reason greater practical value because offerent employers have made great contributions to the further- nives of safety in industry based on the practical knowledge.
Regulations for machine guarding
Owing to the technical com-
Accidents due to
women's hair
new shed, "In order to allow for possible future developments in- volving the installation of deeper looms, the depth allowed for two Jooms and alleys should be not Tess than 10 feet nine inches."
More space for machinery
Atom-smasher
may create matter
Construction of a glant atom- smasher that actually may create matter from energy has begun at Stanford University, California,
Other safeguards to be taken Weaving milis now are in some all for
a good deal of patience Instances removing idle looms to and correct psychology in deal-create more space for safe and ing with personnel, A major casy movement. Buck alleys and cause of serious accidents is the spaces between looms and wall ratching-up of clothing or hair have been widened. This is done War if there was at one time an ture and strain inherent in carry-celerator, a new weapon for selen- in machinery. During World largely to reduce the risk of rup-
The 100-foot electron linear ac- alarmingly high rate of scalping ing beams on the shoulder around tists probing acetients amongst female muni- pillars and In narrow
the fundamental footways. than workers. Many women were In seeing that the new recom
Becrets of nature, will hurt par plexities of operating conditions new to factory life, and did not mendations on spacing are rar- ticles with an energy of more than In the whole range of industries, like to vonedal attractive hair in ried out, the Inspector of Fac-1,900,000,000 electron volts, it has not been easy to arrive at caps and nets, Some frightfultories has the backing of a tough Dr. William W. Hansen, director
arcidents happened in conse-enforcement rule.
of Stanford's microwave labora- quence usually on unfenced or en When he directs
the that certain tory, belleves. Inadequately fenced machinery.
high-energy steps must be taken to minimise borulardiment, wil give scientists Accidents of this kind do atill the risk of accident or strain in the laboratory equivalent of, cos occur in Britain's factories, but beam-carrying, the mill owner nie rays. they are infrequent because the may claim that the required steps machinery that caused these ac- are unreasonable. In
It also may permit production cidents is better fenced; also, by an independent Committee, re-particles in what
that case of protons and neutrons-atomic patient internal relations, female presenting the employer, opera-terally the creation staff have been made aware of jitves, and the Factory Inspecler the dangers of their jobs.
from energy. will carry out an examination of Men are reluctant to take pre- the mill. cautions sometimes: welders often The Committee must then com-
a general tabulation of the safe- guards to be taken, There has recently been compiled a list of all those parts of Industrial ma- chinery of every kind which are dangerous, and which, will cause necidents if not securely fenced
or if not of such construction us
to be as safe as they be if secure ly fenced,
The list, which includes every part of machinery used in all in- dustries kely to prove danger-
would bo of matter
The scientific importance of the linear accelerator lles-in-the Chet
that it will bombard the heart
ous, ranges from revalving shafts, remove eye-shields because of munleste its decision at once both of the atom with a stream of bil- spindles,
mandrels and bars to the discomfort of wearing them to the employer and the District lon-volt, electrons the light, projecting belt fasteners and ra- and pay a heavy price in conse- Factory Inspector, ciprocaling tools and dies. In all quence. But manufacturers of there are 25 distinct groups of this type of protective device now meat concerns the reducing of the
Another Interesting develop negatively-charged part of the atom. Other alom smashers, such parts listed.
are supplying more comfortable effect of dust-polluted utiries- fis.
used the heavy, clined to take them off.
medical authorities have estab- Hansen says that hammering at Some of the most important shed after long research that atoms with such high energy elec- advances in veldent prevention certain lung complaints are detrons, long a physicist's dream, have taken place in Britain's-tex-finitely traceable to cotton-dust, wilt open a new leld of experi- tile industry. Agreements have The rerm is prevalent due to mentation in elementary particle been worked out with cotton- the condition in which United physics,
One or more of these 25 groups | goggles, and wearera are less in-phere in spinning-milis, Varlouspironed particica.
of dangerous parts will be found
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