THE CHINA MAIL, FRIDAY, JUNE 17, 1949.
PART II: THE CONSCIENCE OF HIS PEOPLE
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THE
MINDSZENTY
STORY
Talks On Secularisation Of Hungary's Schools
BY THE VERY REV.
DR. NICHOLAS BOER
Oil located by Soviet experts In Austria instead of smoothing the troubled waters seems likely to become a burning question.
There won't be such a royal commission in the rice business after one has had a good look
into it!
Both the Greek Government and the rebels are conducting harrying operations in the Grammon mountains
old Harry, too, probably,
Raising
a basis and re- [of the Hungarian people but of fewer Church zchools than those reactionary, in today'e Hun- a civil authority, the Miracle Man
your statement in
#
schoolmasters as
Church
war',
0:
atheism
•
Far from acting autocratically
in Japan in regard to the transfer
of the reins of Government to
in
may even introduce the now ad-
ministrator (when appointed) to the representatives of the other SCAP powers.
•
·
onurch or Catholic pupile opinion who were
This is a 395,000 nucondary schools had) one single example may serve 10] 1948, no
claims are only three per cent not a fulfilment of the conditions 000 pupils and the Catholic 4 Jesuit college and boarding-school,
of
for
this
in
W of
the
tho
thepeal "winding-up""
*
ap.
The rest of the SCAP powers moaning about not their reparations getting
not realise
to be dis-.
that
Talk about mineral riches of the Antarctic leaves us cold.
•
in the must be government conscrupteds and so cunnot leave Jobs upset-
lords.
ro-
heard it promised that the differ-1920), while in Hangury the figure that the new bill did not exclude
In Russia it seems that if you standards ences in
which had was only 9.6%. Better than the either in practice or in principle
of tho Church to are a foreign diplomat carrying existed in the past between the nation-wide average of 9.6% was the right
But those do-dispatches from your military at- State and religious schools (to the the figure in Transdanubia (9,1%), establish schools.
number advantage of the State schoola) where the
figures of tache about with you...you had of Church clarations were mere CIVIL SERVICE VIEW
would be oliminated;
that the schools was four times the number speech; the right of establishing better not let your insurance com- The "China.Mall" welcomes
neglected buildings of the Church of Schools.
Stalc
schools was qualified by the con-pany get to know about it would be restored. Ho "Before we began negotia-schools
WEA The situation
worse ondition that the Church would only the letter printed today from
Great Mr. L. Jackson, President of tions," the Primate said, "wo would have understood that this the
Hungarian Plain be allowed to do so if the neces on bill served the interests not only (10% of illiterates), where there eary guarantees were given that the Association of European asked preliminary action
such schools would not Borvo Civil Servants of Hong Kong. three point as
the Church as well; that theater
the belonging to the State ΟΣ 10
thought." As he points out, the govern-
assurance. We have received Church would now have the op- municipalities. The highest Prin essential reply to this request-
phraseology, Portunity to concentrato on ro- portion
of
school in garian Church ment employee's views are
Instruction
(which would Hungary was in the counties of "democratic" and "programive," all too seldom given publicity, though we have waited until
today. We
accept as romain compulsory) and the spirit: Sopron and cannot
Veszprem and the whereas religion is "reactionary" and when attacked he is presufficient reassurance, however ual guidance of the people; that to
of on, where the hum- therefore much promises were of the town of Sopron,
Thus the promise that vented by statute from re understandingly we examine it, the bill was born of the common ber of liliterates was 4.1%, 7.4% no vals
Hungarian peo
would remain instruction your last desire of the taliating, unless prior permis-
the lowest religious and 26% It
reapoctiveles
reassured the sion is granted by higher au letter that the negotiations will and its teachers, Finally
was in the
obligatory in no way have
that to him been explained to
Kecskemet, give us ample opportunity to thority. When, therefore, an
of compulsory re-parently dild
was given in those 80 armament factories official does reply to criticism, discuss our protest against the this is a question not of ideologies grad and
14.7% respectively. If literacy ligious instruction and State over an argu
Minister which are not now after the June 1948 by the same we give him space with con- confiscation of our schools and but merely of compromise between sterrey amounted to 13.6% and The promise
all the other questions and re-ment which they had been carrying increased during and the
not due to this was
in the who
of 1947. mantled will (of course) produce siderable satisfaction.
had, that quests we have presented as on throughout history.
for m Panda
water pistols and popguns for the It might be added
The demands."
But Hungarian pubile opinion educational system of the past; conducted
optional relig
religious teaching. The export toy trade from now on, when the civil servant writes
assisting Japan The Cardinal went on to say knew that uniformity would mean for the same system hnd reduced
and that to the Press, he is seldom con-
her economy the Becularisation of the the uniformly Marxist pinit of literacy between 1960 and 1030 same Minister, in the debate on thereby greatly
67% 10 9.0%. The cause hla
his Ministry's budget on February to maintain tent with letting off steam schools had been speeded up in- the schools, Hungarians know that from
the take the load off the impoverish- was to be found in the war and 22, 1948, replied to one of schools the spirit of stead of having been
demanded who removed in French
thood American taxpaper. and making counter-acousa-
post-war economic situation, the members tions. Like Mr. Jackson, ho from the agenda: that the pro- ducation was patriotic and demo
though in the current increase in juvenile crime and secularisation of Church schools: has no these schools had been of
cratic, usually backs up his argu-perty
put under senl
sent by
to take Church schools out simple deeree school year there had been 4,100,- truancy, and especially the short-"Hungarian democracy schools ments with facts and figures. Our
by are over-run 000 pupils in the State elementary age of teachers.
and 1,100,000 in the Ay for the "democratic" origin of the hands of religious bodies,' The issue at question is that policemen who treat our teachers schools
irrevocable announced they were Catholic preparatory schools; that of the pupils in Church schools, Three months later, on May 16,
To the Discreditor. of pensions-whether they are and sch Tel. 30331 Ex. 14
all attacks and
Sur, I feel happiful reading all false decision of the Government to justifled and whether the thieves and not in possession of the State
their lawful
to the Catholic disprove property Tol. 24878
State allegations. The city of Kalocsa nationalise Church schools. And such fine ordinances lately pass-
the deep insult and a grievous hum colleges 11,000; that the overall cost is not excessive.
1948, with
stopping sym- the big Hungarian Plain.in
cownchi September
**ing by The
had 100,- Hes on correspondentation
whole process fa
Institutions These Our
year, the rathic striking and making all technological
of the school Its bost-known school was
rel
ferries, bus gas electric workers Bool { practica 009. In the United States, ont
Instruction began famous figious corresponded to our annual budget. Fur-We ind down, but their widest and
rudest rejection,"
four and a half milllon Catholic which corre
Habsburg
urg schools. The ther, an officer does not retire
How could any negotiations take children three and a half million Karlsburg of the old
most ndered delivered at the age of 45 with two-place, he enquired, when irrevo- attend Catholle elementary schools. Monarchy. On May 30, 1946, the religious teachers wore
In various ways mainly ting everybody including land- Holland a
However, other things still thirds of his salary: he has to cable steps were already being a In
almost every Catholic Cardinal-Primate serve for 33 years to qualify taken? Unless both sides agreed told there are 570,000 of them speech to the Parents' Association their work was successful and the
which he examined children clung to them-removed wanting do, quickly before more of has chosen a a Catholic elementary. maximum. Thus refrain from any decisive action
Catholic schools
on disciplinary or criminal charges, trouble from dreadful now until there was an opportunity for school, Knowing the situation in the
forming peoples changing present professsion and imprisoned or interned. be no anyone leaving at 45 imposes discussion. there could
The the Western, true democracies, relating to the
fine gentlemen from legerstative cownail. I want speak of tenants. a smaller charge on govern-quality in the negotiations. The Hungarian Catholic public opinion social origin of the parents. The too well OWATE that facts he detailed were found to
leech in all Formal Affair
now sticking like ment, which also can call on letter ended by demanding onco
there is be generally valid in aft standardisation, unless
cubicles and fats and wont go a person to leave at that age again that all parliamentary dis was only
oussions of the bill should be
whatever we say to them know- in the interests of greater ef- suspended unill formal talks could some hidden aim behind it, does Church schools of the country.
the Jesuit
**40% of The passage of the bill through ing we can be getting much high ficiency.
Inko placo and
police no: rob the parents of the right that no
Parliament was a purely formal keymoney and rents than they We would recommend bit- action should meanwhile be taken, to choose their children's schools Mindszenty crore," Cardinal] the children come from the more
(including the affair. The Coalition Parties were paying but still have skin well-to-do classes The bill on the secularisation of freely, ter critics to study this letter
Church schools was, however,
civil service), while 60% belong under Communist domination and thick move and give poor land- carefully, when they will no cussed by the Hungarian Parlia
the poorer strata, smallholders, blindly followed the lead of the lord chances rehabiliting himself and gold bar The June 16, 1948.
the Remnan united Hungarian Workers' Party, from awful war doubt grant an element of ment
Union. losses. the tho Socialist Communist Justice on the "other side." It sponsor of the bill, the Minister
Clearly great injustice is for
and Catholic secondary schools standards
gh Stephen Barankovica, in 35% and 65% Though must be admitted that many of Education, the leading speakera
the Coalition Parties did not afficiency el education, Catholic of
In Roman an objective, high-minded speech, this doing to all landlords
chic tenants of us who strive for a living
single word about the mea public opinion could not be misled
Catholic training
for presented the minority opinion, it colony also college
the after-time few years where will in a competitive atmosphere, suro's true aim. Its intention was by parliamentary speeches. In kindergarden teachers, taking five was useless. Starting with
then same will mock- Hungarian who have to produce results to put an end to Christian educa-Hungary, for many years, there classes, the numbers are 24s for principles of natural law, he be big keymoney, and high rends
the wealthier and 388 for or lose our job, who are pro- tion in the Church schools; to pro: had been central competitions for
man quoted the
Kossuth and ing and we will weeping having Roman poklans-Louis the xini secondary school students in which poorer pupils. In
chances. Sur, vided with no free or subsidis-mote the adoption of Marxist
Joseph Sotvos-whom the missed golden educațional principles
schools all
competed. In these Catholic leachers' college and Baron ed quarters, and may not re-nationalised schools and thus competitions pupils ut
Church iris
cro this proportion in 104 Government parties invoke so often this fairplay like British talking Lycao ceive a pension on retirement, achieve the very Important re-schools.
schools, taught by monks, gained to 488. The great majority of our and proved that the State's educa- always???
indefensible. No induced so I want respectful- from the tion monopoly was
ly beg
gentlemen in townsit tend to be unduly critical of quisite of all totalitarian regimes: 14 first places, while the State pupils, therefore, come
obtained only five.
All to no purpose. Western those whom we regard as ideological uniformity.
If any citizen of a
Akcording
ding to the offctal statistica
In vain, Sister Margaret Schla please make new ordinance call. tenants future liability or- being in a sheltered occupa-
tomocratle
state had
strayed on 1948, the schools in the capital quite opposite to the allegations.'
tenant not. there if ese schools turned out achta, head of the Social Mission
So of the dinance.
any chairman into tion, for whose amenities we
the Hungarian
were classified in the previous and listened to the
crime only by
Women's Camp Parlia-clearing out now if landlord ask- by Christian the taxpayers have to find the Parliament
The order was
by when he wants going differ money. We are likely to be speakers of the Coalition, without year on the basis of the number ladies and gentlemen, this could Society and
those who wished the training and mentory Party, placed 2440 pro- ing him must give back by and what the ronl knowing
proletariana Catholle (407).
teats in front of the House
erence
then. between keymoney ront purpose he might especially sour after having he bill was, he
the following, have thought
that, in order Evangelical (333),
Municipal education to produce
consciousness in the schools and vain she moved thai Hungarian education had been va personally experienced dila-
Government not a humanitarian culture. But to
now saving us from heavy (218), tory, rude or high-handed anti-democratle and unpatriotic. (323), Reformed (289), various
of responsibility, the a little be- association
Tewish (172). There were seventy in the Catholic school the ideal cavola this great and terrible time and ble sums we can get
"gentleman" public ser- He would have been
comprises the should ask UNO for a commission losing. I am surest gentlemen wildered by the most unparliamen-Jewis
passing this that an educated, civilised to investigate whether the bill did who pass other ordinances above 10sching
the baving no trouble a breach of the av tary and unprintable interruptions four Catholic schools
nevor ashamed of his not constitute It is well to recognise that which the members of the Coalition capital; for every pupil man is such criticisms are not always Parties and especially the Mar- for the lowest class there origins and always ready to ponce treaty aigned by Hungary, one for save all of us from un-
by roll-call. It was all cupiers our rooms.
the Hun.
I do not give my naim because soundly based, and
that decided known
In advance; It was generally
the I am not wanting public recogni- Parliament presed ance must be made for pre-words of Mr. Barankovics and away. The parents had full con-work for the social and cultural in vain the opposition asked for scrupulous
Catholic schools. which were the Hungarian workers, and pea-garian
rice control zen get judice. On the other hand.Mrs. Slachta, who spoke for the fidence in the standard of the Improvement of the lower classes. a voto
opposition.
most anxious
that 1948: XXX bill by 230 votes tion like "Difference In Standards basinged even by members of the tange Communist
eattle to 63, and the non-State schools and other doers good works but the intelligent government
Party, Important off-
hoping still you printing this mans should In the But otherwise he would have clals of non-Catholle origin and monks and employée will realise the
great passed into State ownership.
sujestion for making colony safe from communist types. industrial district of Csepel-while public's right of comment, believed that this unpatriotic and working men alike. I intervened industrial district
the and when some of our official anti-democratic spirit; had been myself in a great many similar after the war, when schools and (To be continued on tomorrow)
started for friends grumble about the social classes
In confidential discussions, Mr. evening classes were lowness of their incomes hiterto excluded from the opport- ca 80S,
the Minister, himself the workers in Budapest and in the provinces, those under Church compared with those who unitics of higher education wore
henceforward to participate in the Ortutay,
more admitted to me that, because of leadership were the most popular loftier and have small security of tenure blessings of a
and industry, in commerce they are not always entitled to sympathy.
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treatment from vants.
оп
tho
As
schools
of
of their
Not Misied
the
allow-xist members-used to drown the two or three
which
State (183),
the
Wore
in
workers,
In etc.
are
lower classes-a
be counted as
general culture. He would have the secularisation, there must be and beat organised.
of standards.
a general Jouy education.
especially in
tract the best type of man to The ill-pald
the
fact which
a
Bettor Kopt
and Parents all
the
tho
teachers and the civil service he demands masters who had to struggle with cares, could not, after all,
with the training
over the country security for his retirement. It is indicative of the official comp sense of the various wore attached to Catholle schools
podagogical temperament, which looks for monks and nuns who taught in for another reason. The school
protection. these schools, were imbued with balldings cradle-to-grave
ལ
Church of the
Wero
KAT,
of them were in
Our correspondent "W" was apparently making the point that quite a number of civil servants now in the Colony are receiving the equivalent of $2,000 a month not. In Having recognised this, the a strong sense of duty and lived better kept, their equipment was
careful After the direct cash but with salaries, fact remains that it is, as Mr. only for their profession, with no more complete, their maintenance
general and village schools throu
through the Parents' Association wax also accused of subsidised quarters and even- Jackson says, highly neces-outaide Intprests. At all' events, in more tual pensions all being taken sary to obtain intelligent, there was a shortage of about which into consideration. Has it oc loyal and capable people for 5000 teachers; with nationalisation reactionary activities-the Catholic
And nuns were
schools many
were restored for quicker Their curred, for instance, to the the service, which is respon the 3000 monks fortunate recipient of a two-able for a large part of the added to this number.
every right to ask schools. Opinion had thirds pension what percen smooth running of a complex positions had to be filled. Public ruin) than the State and municipal
seoulamisation of whether the
Julius Ortatay, the Minister of age of his income he would modern community.
forced to admit This is the answer to "W", Church schools would contribute to Education, was have had to save during, 33 years to achieve this? Fur- Make conditions undesirable, an Improved standard of educa-se late na January 13, 1949: 1 tion and the diminution of would be happy if the conditions
The ther, ordinary taxpayers who and the quality of the person- illiteracy.
the Im-as those in many of our Church live in squalid lodgings ornel will fall. I present gov" | speakers 6x*#ges,
Parliamentary in our State schools were as good]
But during the debate crammed into one hotel room ernment employees are not portance of illiteracy, though in schools."
Beculariantion the Minister "neglected Church at extremely high prices worth their emoluments, they this respect, just because of the on
The example of have certain justification for should be discharged exactly Church schools, Hungary had no talked of the envying the fortunate family as if they were engaged in in reason to be ashamed of com school," guoling
demon- with a handsome and spaci- dustry or commerce, and this parison with Central Europe or the County of Bisabolcs, although
POCV? Where violent dem
had taken place against of Church the nationalisation ous flat for which no key principle is already establish-ven the whole of Europe. money has been paid, anded in Britain, although it is
schools, is one of the village in
and there the only a nominal rent is ex-difffeult to put into practice.
In 1980, mung the population County Sabates, pected.
But when people are doing a above mix youru, 492% wara Catholle wchool was in far better Mr. Jackson's comment is good job, they are here. 25 mersion in Toumanie: 4.6% in condilon than any others of the perhaps revealing; that basic elsewhere entitled to a fair Jugoslavia, 43.19%. In the Boviet district.
Union (this was. The Sgum in. In Parliament it was explained salary alone will never at- return, for their labour.
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