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TEXT OF ATLANTIC PACT RELEASED Princess Elizabeth. Swatow
Members To Fight Aggression
By
Collective Armed Action
PACT TO BE VALID FOR 20 YEARS
Washington, March 18.
Seven Western nations today gave notice that they intend to fight aggression any.
where in Europe or North America by collective armed action.
The Atlantic Pact-the text of which was issued in the seven capitals after secret talks lasting eight months-will bind each of the signatories to go to the aid of any member attacked with such action as it deems necessory, including the use of armed force.
They also agree to consult together in the avant of a throat to the territorial integrity, political
independence or security of any of the parties.
The 20-year-pact will be signed in Washington on April 4, by Britain, the United States. France, Belglum, Canada,
Luxembourg and Holland. Five other nahlens-Norway, Denmark, Iceland, Portugal and Italy-have been invite to join.
The provision for action against attack is laid down in vital Article 5 of the treaty, which was recently the object
of controversy in the United States Congress over the question of armed forces.
The article requires that any attack and the measures ma bsequently taken to restore and maintain the security of
the North Atlantic are shall be reported to the Security Council of the United Nations.
A connell, representing all the signatories will be set up to implement the treaty. It will be so organised as to be
able to meet promptly at any time.
It is emphasised that the treaty does not affect the rights and obligations under the United Nations Charter or the
primary responsibility of the Security Council for the maintenance of international peace and security. The wording of Article 5 of the 1,000-word pact wus worked out by the Secretary of State, Mr. Dean Acheson, after consultation with the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.
American officials belleve the phrase "such action as it deems necessary" would fully preserve this country's freedom of action and especially the constitutional right of Congress to declare war. They, hope for speedy ratification of the treaty by thes Senate after it is signed here early in April. Ratifention by all the seven original sponsoring countries is necessary to put the treaty into effect.
Chairman Tom Connally of the Senate Committee predicted certain ratification but said there would be extensive hearings and debate first. There is evidence of some opposition but its strength remains to be seen. A two-thirds vote of the Senate is necessary for ratification.
The treaty will be followed by a programme to supply Western Europe with U.S.$1.- 000,000,000 to U.S.$2,000,000,- 000 warth of United States military equipment in a year.
of A high-level
al!
members would imediately ex-
tablish a defence committee that would work out defence plans for The
the entire area covered,
essential, of course, in Western Europe. A counell would be set
Bevin's To Be
Speech Relayed
Radlo
5. States that the North Allan- tie Poet does not condit with
treatles any other international in face between any of the trenty members or a third power. This would leave in effect,
Dean Acheson Outlines Atlantic Pact
of stability dilions
and well- being. They will suck to eliminate condict in their international
Washington, March 18. economic policies and will en-
of the North The Council collaboration courage. economic between any or all of them, Atlantic Powers, to be set up
Article
mor under the Atlantic Pact would 3: In order effectively to
to schiave the ob be substantially in continuous jectives of
treaty, the
session, the U.S. Secretary of parties separately and jointly Stutte, Mr. Dean Acheson, said by means of continuous and today, effective self help and mutual ald, will maintain and develop their individual and collective capacity to resist armed the said tack.
this
Article 4: The parties will con- kult together whenever in the for opinion of any of them the ter-
Sovlei and French-Soviet non- aggression treaties.
dr
Ite
be
might headquarters either in Washington or Brussels,
Mr. Acheson declared af a press conference here that an attack on
flying American aircraft
Get Berlin over Soviet-occupled Ger- in the airlift operation many example, the recent British-ritorial integrity, political inde- would be regarded as an "armed pendence or security of any of attack" under the terms of the Provided reception la fa.
the parties is threatened.
pact. Article 5: The parties agree Mr. Acheson was closely ques- vourable, Mr. Ernest Bevin's
armad attack against tloved for 70 minutes on the im- The following
that an "speech"on the Atlantio Pact
is the fetal
one or more of them in Europe plications of the pact, particular- witt be relayed by
text of the proposed North At-
North America antic Puct:
shall, belly for the United States. He sald Hong Kong at 1 p.m. today.
an attack against that in the event conaldered
of an armed Preamble The parties to this
them all and, consequently, attack there would be an obliga- un so it could meet promptly at 1000
******* | treaty reaffim their faith in the
that if such they agree
antion
United States any any time.
to on the and principles of the purposes The treaty xpected to the opinion of any of them the
Js
occurs each of achieve the result defined by the armed attack Charter of the United Nations prompt stern Soviet retaliation. territorial integrity, political in-
them, in exercise of the right treaty as: "to restore and maln privarily through Communist dependence or security of any of their desire to live in peace
of individual or collective self-tain the security of the North str sabotage and demonstrn-the parties is threatened. This with all peoples and all govern- They are determined to
defence recognised by Article Aliantle areas,” ments. tions inside Western European would cover the threat of outside
rofeguard the freedom of com- Countries. Indian Communists al tacks
mon heritage and civilisation of any their coup d'etats ready have started such action.
peoples founder on the State.
principles of democracy, indivi- dual liberty and the rule of law, They are resolved to unite their efforts for collective defence and for the preservation of peace and security. They, therefore, agree to the North Atlantic treaty:
Article 1: The parties under-
"Imperialist" Plot w
threatened as well as
from within
2. Pledges that all the powers wlil'endeavour to settle any in- ternational disputes involving them by "peaceful means" as set Moscow has branded the forth in the United Nations Char- Honce as an imperialist plot by ter. They "would refrain in their Britain and the United States to International retations from
threat wage war. The brief preamble to
or use of force the 14-article pact states, how manner inconsistent with ever, that it is designed to enable purpose of the United Nations; the treaty signatories to live in peace with all peoples and all governments.
Self-Help
3.
Declares all the
ith the take as set forth in the Charter Report To UN
bo
Pleases Colonials
The
Princess Elizabeth brings a smile to the face of the young Colonial student at left during her visit to the Edinburgh University Colonial Students' Hostel. Princess, who had earlier received an honorary deeroo at the University, said she was glad to learn the Univer- sity had several hundred students from the Common-
wealth and foreign countries-AP Photo.
Shanghai Short Of Ready Money
Shanghai, March 18. Payroll requirements which jumped more than 100 por cont following announcement on March 15 of the cost of living have loft Shanghai in the throes of o manoy-fomino.
Government printing presses have been unable to keep pace with China's jet-propelled inflation and as a result banks are short of cash.
One banker explained that in order to get a small portion of
to
Turkish Minister's
U.S. Visit
.Foreign
ranean agreement.
that
Revolt Reported
Nanking, March 18.
Unconfirmed press dis- patches today reported that a rash of rebellions in South China has spread to the big Kwang- tung port of Swatow.
The reports said that provincial troops under General Yu Hing- arrested eli have rovolted and Kovernment officials in the port.
The Central Bank branch was
heen seized.
Бед
of China Πανα
to reported
Military observers awaited con- firmation of the report which has been denied by local Chinese offelals In Conton.
Dissident clements have long been active in Kwangtung and Troops of adjacent provinces. various types, many of which claim Communist ofliation, are reported to number roughly 70.000.
Communist sources claim that there are now regular Communist columns operating in South Chlab. These include the Kwang- tung-Kiangal-Hunan, the Fukien- Kwangtung-Klangsi, the Kwangsl- Yunan-Kwelchow border columns
Leland and the Hainan
border column.
Government officials are show-
The
ing Increased nervousness about uprisings in South China. new activity there comes Communist preparations for croyaing of the Yangtze river aro Intensifying.
Fow Troops
Practically all
government strength
18, massed
the along Yangtse river like. There are a few Nationalist troops in South spreading China oroas
facing unrest.
Fremter Ho Ying-chin, moan- whiler today tapeeded faul seire- tion of his cabinet in the face of under a new crisis developing Communist threal to the, Yangtse River line.
The newly appointed premier to have ncurly was reported
the cash required for 'counter completed the formation of his needs, he had to go to the Cen- cabinet. The
signs
of an in-
tral Bank and virtually beg for pending showdown with the Reds Gold Turn notes.
on the question of peace or con- Because of the cash shortage, tinued war gave urgency to his those who need cash are being efforts, forced to pay as much as 15 per cent to exchange cheques bank notes.
only
added
and
it was very
anil
Determination to secure peaco for for the Chinese people was ex-
pressed today by the Fremier,- Washington, March 17. Central Bank officials promised when he met Control Yuan mem- U.S. diplomatic ofcials said to give the city's large banks bers, who decided yesterday to 51 of the Charter of the United The decision as to what action
if 50,000,000 Gold Yuan yesterday give him some advice on how to Nations, wifi salst the party the United States deemed neces-in Washington today
Minister to take care of pressing needs. form his new Cabinet, according
was not ful-to Reuters. or parties so attacked by tak sary would be taken under the Turkey's ing forthwith, Individually and United States constitutional pro- comes to Washington, they will But the promise
filled.
General Ilo said that if peace in concert with othar, partist. | cedures, he said.
be glad to discuss with him the
would The banke in the meantims was not obtained, China He was understood such action as it deems neces-
to mean formation of a Mediterranean
are trying to sailafy irate debe set back 10 or 20 years. sary, including the use of arm that the decision would be made defence pact...
positors as beat they can.
He promised to devote himself ed force to restore and main by Congress if it involved a de-
Istanbul reports said that the They are handing out bank to selecting his Ministers tain security of the North At-claration, of war.
Foreign Minister. Necmeddin notes and all available cash, in-organising a peace Cabinet, but, added Mr. Acheson fantic area.
that ong Badak, will visli Washington soon cluding five and 10 dollar billsho
that question would be, the actual
discuss projected Mediter- which arc Eo depreciated in difficult. gravity of the alinck. He distin-
they are not even value that
Contro! members advised
kuan Fulshed between attacks which of the United Nations to settle
U.S. officials have no defnite bring
accepted by the city's the Premier that if he formed a threatened peace and security and any International disputes in
progressive cabinet and worked heard that he might lead a As the inflation continued to in the interests of the people which they may be involved by
Any such armed attack and all those which were merely border information of such a plan but beggars.
Beuffles.
Turkish delegation to the United skyrocket, one US, dollar yes and country, both the Control peaceful means in such manner measures taken as a result there.
Mr. Acheson sald purely Nations General Assembly open-terday Would buy nearly 6,000 Yuan and Legislativo Yuhn would They are determined to sate-
that International
peace
and of shall immediately be reported
volutionary activities would not
Gold Yuan. A month ago it support him against the diehards”. Buch guard the freedom of common
security and justice are not en- to the Security Counell,
be regarded as an armed attacking at Lake Success in April, parties
end, Reuter GY2,000.-to the bilter In the early stages of the talk would fetch dangered and to refrain in their measures heritage and the civilisation of
terminated shall
Mediterranean Associated Press, Council has calling for action under Article 5 their people founded on the prin- separately and jointly by means international relations from threat when the Security
Associated Press, of the puct. Revolutionary ac about forming a diples of democracy, Individual of continuous and effective self-or the use of force in any man- taken measures necessary ti tivities assisted from outside pact as a supplement to the pro- would be another matter, he said. posed North Atlantic alliance, the seek to promote stability and tain and develop their individual of the United Nations.
tional peace and security.
United States appeared non-com- mittal.-Associated Press. well being in the North Atlantic and collective capacity to resist
Article 6: For the purpose of They might well be regarded as
an armed. attack. area. They are resolved to unite armed attack.
Article 5 an armed attack on one
Mr, Acheson said there was no 'their efforts
or more of the parties is deemed geographical limit to the area in to include ΣΠ armed attack on which a threat to the security of of peace and security.
to meet . shall immediately be
territory of any of the parties the powers os distinct from an The final draft of the treaty reported to the Security Council. Article 2: The parties wiit con- in Europe er North Americs,, on "armed attack" might take place Local Residents sets up a recurity zone of North when the Security Council has ment peaceful
Such measures shall terminate tribute toward further develop the Algerian departments of in terms of Article 4. But this America
and friendly in- and Europe covering
France, on the occupation forces article, he said, provided for con- territory of all members North token the necessary measures to ternational
relations by strong of any party in Europe on issultation and there was no pro- and maintain
interna- thening their free inclitutions, by lands under of the Trople of Cancer. It ex-restore
the jurisdiction, of vision in li for specific action. The bringing about better under- tends full defence protection to tional peace and security.
any party in the North Atlantic What might come within-the Six rooms will be available their island posscnsions, ships Security Council has primary standing of the principles upon aren North of the Tropic of Can field of consultation under Article for Hong Kong residents pos- and planes in the area and their responsibility for the maintenance which these
ser or on, vessels or aircraft in 4 was broader than that under sibly before the beginning of this area of any of the parties. Article 5, referring to armed at-
next month, it was officially Article 7: This treaty does not tack-Router.
stated yesterday, affect and shall not be interpret- ed as affecting in any way the the rights and obligations under Un Charter of parties which are
liberty and the rule of law. They help and mutual aid will main ner inconsistent with the purposes restore and maintain interna-
for collective de
fence and for the
Occupation
4. Assures that. In any armed preservation attack, and all measures taken
Stability Sought
Institutions
fre
founded, and by promoting con- forces. In Germany, of world peace and security; Austria and Trieste. Extension
et the pact to Include the occu pation forces in Europe apparent- ly means that any Soviet attack on American, British and French troops In Western Berlin would prompt swift retallatory action by all powers,
The treaty also:
Provides for consultations by the, treaty powers whenever. In
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