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THE CHINA MAIL, OCTOBER 7, 1937.
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U.S. AND THE NINE POWER TREATY
consci-
it can, but it suspects that 'it cannot.
Here, then, may be tor in the Far Eas even more potent than ing national consciousness Chinese clt is not simply since 1931, when Japan's vasion of Manchuria began a new epoch in the Far East, Britain has experienced a re sance of national confidence. It is not only that both Britain and the Buited States a are free to day, as they were not in 1931, from preoccupation with econo- mic emergencies as pressing as many wars have been. It is also that meanwhile, both countries have learned much about the way of the aggressor, particularly that so long as it appears easy the path of peace will be hard.
102
than
COM-
Both
Both the United States and Great Britain have had the ques-" tion called forcibly to their at- tention by the impact of shells on their property and on the lives of their nationals. zountries have made separate representations to Japan on one phase or another of the the un- declared war in China. Clearly, it is time that those countries, and other signatories of the Nine Power Pact, began laying the groundwork for consultation among themselves on the threat raised by Japan against all that the treaty stands for?
Another factor: Those who came out of the World War chas- tened are in no mood to see its horrors repeated, even after twenty years' respite. To see President Roosevelt will have Japan hurling the worst of those a good deal of explaining to do harrors upon defenceless : divil- before the meaning of his Chi-ians, women and children among cago speech in relation to the tra them, has shocked civilised sus gedy of the Far East becomes ceptibilities perhaps more wholly clear. Condemnatory
the Japanese military can Tea- Japan, the President's appeal was lise. largely emotional and therefore
International morality has ap- somewhat suspect. He committ- ed himself to statements encour peared so dormant the last few aging belief in the readiness of years that many imagine it was he
United States to take action, slain in Manchuria and buried in but sufficiently amended them by Ethiopia. But actually it is act- other phrases as to earn the de- ive in the self-examination that cription, ambiguous. He did, some of the great Powers are nevertheless, declare himself in undergoing now. There is much favour of concerted action. That self-interest, but also a grain of was a distinct advance. readily idealism, in the thought of fac recognised as such. It stimulating Japanese aggression while Jed Geneva, brought an end to to do so may have some
shilly-shally, and led to speedy crete results instead of merely adoption of a proposal for an refusing to recognise the fruits early meeting of the signatories of aggression when they have of the Nine-Power Treaty
become all too plain, It happens to be a step which the United States has all this while deliberately and lously shied at. It is probable, foo, that Japan will decline to participate. At the same time it is an inevitable consequence of the present situation if Pre sident Roosevelt is obedient to the main principle he enunciat ed at Chicago, demanding that there be a return to belief in the pledged word and the value of the signed treaty. The Nine- Power Treaty represents the col- lective affirmation of the peace ful rights and privileges of the United States, Belgium, France,
In neither the United States Great Britain, China, Japan, the nor Great Britain can there be Netherlands, Italy and Portugal the slightest doubt as to the at- *those countries if in the Far East. The treaty re- titudes of presents not merely national Japan completes her present mil- rights but a structure of peace itary programme on the main- by consent in the Far East. It and British and American sen- was a structure brought into be-timents will permit no recogni- ing by collective action. The tion of Japan's right to rule over savage breaking of the bounds large parts of China. The vigor- by one of the signatories is no ous co-operative expression of
would, justification for abandoning it those sentiments now without collective consideration. serve both China and Japan bet- A Chinese writer recently re-ter than temporary toleration of marked this new factor in Far an aggression which some day Eastern affairs: Whereas in the must bring its own reckoning. past the
de pacifically inclined China, faced with war, has Chinese hoped to get along with-cided to fight because it has no out fighting the invader, to-day option but national subjugation they no longer expect to; they and dishonour. It realises, how- know they must fight.
ever, its difficulties and makes The attitude of the rest of the its just claims upon outside aid, world towards Japanese ex-There is a growing belief among pansionism in China has com-other-nations, that faced with pleted no such cycle. But of an increasing disregard for the opinion in the democratic states sanctity of treaties, the hopes of this much may be said: Whereas peace and the canons of civilised ja few years ago it hoped it might behaviour, they should draw to
avoid, or at least postpone, agether in consultations as signa- facing up to aggression in any tories of the pact now most flag- part of the world, and the Farrantly violated and should take East in particular, to-day it is counsel for collective support of fat least asking itself whether it the restoration of peace and of ican do so any longer. Perhaps orderly international processes.