TUESDAY, AUGUST 13, 1929.
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THE
CHINA
MAIL,
MILITARY MEDICINE
International Congress In London
SOME TROPICAL DISEASES
Opinions On Typhoid And Malarial. Fever
the late war was the attack
classify and describe indefinite short fevers were handicapped, and confusion increased, by the habit of labelling cases, in which the diagnosis was really unknown, with a definite. name, for the sake of hospital records. If a case, in spite of all investigation. remained a "pyrexia of unknown origin," it must be honestly left as such in all sick returns.
Dutch Opinion ́
said that febrile discases of the M. Gerards (Dutch East Indies) tropies, formerly differentiated by clinical manifestations alone, could
The fifth International Congress Italy, and here we have a triple en- of Military Medicine, the earlier tente Britain, France, and Italy proceedings of which were report-engaged in another form of war ed in a recent issue of the "British fare against the enemies, not of one now be grouped in a scientific man- Medical Journal," concluded on nation, but of mankind. We recall May 11, amid many expressions of with gratitude the work on inocula distribution as a means of identi- ner. Duration and geographical congratulation. It was decided at tion by Almroth Wright. Though heation had given place to detec the closing meeting to drop the the war in France lasted much tion of the causative organism, so pendant and Pharmacy," the term longer than the South African wai, that a rational system of classifica- "Medicine" being judged sufficient- and a larger army was employed, tion and a better nomenclature ly comprehensive. It cannot be fewer men suffered from typhoid were now possible. said that the discussions revealed fever in the war in France than to give a precis of the more im- He proceeded anything very novel; perhaps the died from it in South Africa. The portant diseases of the group, in- newest thing was a suggestion by a incidence of typhoid in the inocu- cluding yellow faver, Weil's disease Spanish delegate, made in the clos-lated was one-tenth of the in ing hour of the Congress, for an cidence in the uninoculated, and dengue and its group of diseases. and other spirochaetoses, and international standardized form of the ease of mortality in the latter register, giving the clinical history was four times greater than in the by MM. Sacquepee and Cristao Short communications were made and all other particulars, in each former. I think it is true to claim (France) on tropical fevers in the case of sickness or injury. The for Almroth Wright and for Leish- Mediterranean littoral, by Colonel fraternal feeling encouraged by the man that their work saved an army Cazanove on these conditions in the Congress was evident on all sides corps for the British army in French colonies, and by, M. Blan- and highly gratifying,
France. Another piece of work in chard, who spoke of the African Lord Moynihan's Oration The entertainment given by the bilharzia. It has been shown that a disease described by him and onepidemic icterogenic spirochaetosis, Corporation of the City of London bitharzia has affected the popula-other French observers, resembling in the Guildhall was in a sense the tion of Egypt since the days of the yellow fever and Weil's disease, climax of the Congress, 770 being Pharaohs. The parasite was discapable of transmission by Aedes accommodated at the banqueting covered by a German, Biharz-may argenteus, and spread by fleas. tables. In addition to the Lord I express my personal regret that Mayor, the aldermen, and com- na German is with us to-night-arid
Dengue Fever moners, and the delegates and mem- the secret of the transmission was of the epidemic of dengue fever Dr. A. Cawadias (Greece) spoke bers of the Congress, the gathering worked out in part by a Japanese occurring lately in South-Eastern included the Chief of the Imperial and in part by Leiper in England Europe. When in Greece some time General Staff. the Presidents of the-again a triple association of age Royal Colleges, the Vice-Chancel nations to the advantage of man-epidemics there had now developed
found he
certain small lors of half a dozen universities, kind as a whole. Also I want to
very serious epidemic in the representatives of Government de carry the recognition into military Eastern Mediterranean. The partments and other official bodies, work of our immense debt of epidemiology of and the presidents of medical obligation to the nurses.
this condition The most needed to be studied, and this was bodies, and the presidents of medi- illustrious name in the whole his the task of a commission now in cal societies, including the British tory of warfare from the beginning Greece. Dengue fever was due to Frequent connection from Port Said for Passengers and Cargo Medical Association. A noteworthy of time is the name of Florence a virus circulating in the blood; Constantinople, Pireaus, Smyrna and other Levan Ports by steamers of thegration was made by Lord Moyni Nightingale. Khedival Mail Steamship Co.
han, President of the Royal College
the exclusive carrier was Acdes Well, my Lord Mayor and brother argenteus. He thought there were of Surgeons, in proposing the toast officers, if there is any meaning be- many cases of so-called three-day of the evening.
hind life, if life is not merely a fever which Lord Moynihan spoke as follows: feast, or a spectacle, or a predica-This was a benign condition, and were really dengue. It is entirely right that we medi-ment, but is, as I believe, a sacra- did not kill, although, if the patient cal men should have our day of ment, we must be sent into the was suffering from some concur- celebration after a great war, for world for the purpose of helping rest malady it might hasten a fatal we above all men know what the each other. It is because our pro- termination. crudities and cruelties of war have fession in all its activities is found.
9. S.
Tons Ilong Kong
From
About
*KIDDERPORE MALWA †KASHMIR
5,034 16th Aug. 10,980 17th Aug. 6.985 31st Aug.
MOREA
MANTUA *MIRZAPORE *ALIPORE
Destination
Straits, Colombo & Bombay. Bombay, Marseilles & London, Marseilles, London, Hull, Rotterdam
& Antwerp,
Bombay, Marseilles & London. Bombay, Marsuilles & London. Straits, Colombo & Bombay. Straits, Colombo & Bombay.
10,953 14th Sept. 10,946 28th Sept. 6,715 2nd Oct. 5,273 Duh Oct. 9,128 12th Oct. *Cargo only. †Calls Casa Bjana.
KARMALA
M'seilles, Lidon. R'dam & A'werp.
BRITISH INDIA-APCAR SAILINGS.
*TAKLIWA
TALMA
DALGOMA
TILAWA
TALAMBA
7,036 15th Aug,
3.30 p.. 10.000- 31st Aug. 6.95% 3rd Sept. £10,000 29th Sept. 12th Oct.
2018 Cals Rangaon.
Singapore, Penang & Calcutta.
Singapore, Penang & Calcutta. Singapore, Penang & Calcutta. Singapore, Penang & Calentta. Singapore, Penang Calcutta.
to
BL Apcar Line steamers have excellent accommodation for 1st and 2nd class passengers.
All steamers are fitted with wireless and carry a qualified surgeon.
one
ed upon the law. of love, love to one's fellows, love to mankind, ex- pressing itself in service, that I ask you to drink to the success of tho present Congress.
in
2
(To be Continued.)
PASSENGER LIST
ARRIVALS
+
from Los
always been and still remain, and we-rot more than all men, but with more reason than others- have a detestation of, war in all its aspects. I shall never forget my first few days' experience of its re-
Three brief responses made-in volting tragedies. Within
French by General Lanne, minute I saw more destruction of Italian by General Riva, and in life than I have ever been able to English by Colonel. G. E. Seaman EASTERN & AUSTRALIAN SAILINGS (South), prevent in a year of arduous work. of the United States, who took the Angeles on August 12: Mrs. D. B. da
Par 8.3. "Tenyo Maru" I think it may interest some of you place of Surgeon General Cumming, Cruz, Miss Isabele da Cruz, Master if I recall the effectiveness of our Sir Humphry Rolleston proposed Emiles in Cruz, Peter J. Dallicy. Mrs. army in France in respect of its the health of the Lord Mayor and H. L. Dyson. Clement Araz, Takatomi medical services during the great Corporation, and spoke of the tradi-Moriyama, Susuburo Miyagawa, war:
tions of civic London, its adminia-Soichiro Ikeda, Tei Iliraoka, Saizo Total wounded
1,083,748trative stability, its princely hoa-Suito, Motoichi Yamada, W. Henry Wounded returned to duty 1.602,033 pitality, its generous
charities, Kelly, Motoichi Ide, Suyeo Kato, Alfred (87.7%) its wise endowment of re-F. Sommarfield, Saburo Suzuki, Fukuzo 3,494,165 search. He also paid a tribute Fukumeto, and Terukiko Yamada, 3,260,056 to Sir Kynaston Studd, not (93.3%) only as Lord Mayor, but as a son of Cambridge. With the Lord 4,862,089 Mayor's very sincere and informal
TANDA
ST. ALBANS ARAFURA TANDA
6,000 1at
6.956 29th
6,956 30th Aug 4,500 4th Oct. Nov. Nov.
ST. ALBANS 4,500 3rd June 1
Manila, Sandakan, Thursday Island, Townsville Brisbane, Sydney & Melbourne.
1930
E
Regular monthly sailings from Hong Kong to Japan and Hong Kong Total sizk to Australia.
The E. & A. 5.S. Co., Ltd., steamers will also call at Shanghai, Iloilo, Cebu, Kolambugan. Tawao, Tamor, Darwin, or other parts en route as in docement offers,
Frequent connections from Australia with the following:-
Sick returned to duty
Sick and wounded return-
ed to duty
If the average strength of an reply the proceedings were brought]
The Union S.S. Company's steamers to the United Kingdom via New army is roughly 288,000 men, the to a close. Zealand, Vancouver, San Francisco, etc.
The P. & O. Royal Mail steamers to London via Suez Canal.
The P. & D. Branch Service of steamers to London via the Cape.
medical services were responsible for returning to duty no less than 16.8 full armies. But a great claim
The New Zealand Shipping Company's steamers for Southampton and may also be made on behalf of the London via Panama Canal,
MOREA
SAILINGS TO SHANGHAI & JAPAN,
*SHEAFMOUNT: "GARBETA
KARMALA *MIRZAPOKE *NAGPORE
ST. ALBANS
TILAWA
*ALITORE
MANTUA
TALAMBA *KIDDERPORE
KALYAN
*NELLORE
| 10,053 16th Aug. Shanghai, Moji, Kobe & Yokohama.
5,327
Noon 10th Aug. 20th
Aug. 9,128 30th Aug. 0,715 2nd Sept. 5,283 4th Sept. 10,008 9th Sept. 4,500 10th Sept. 5,273 11th
Sept. 10,046 18th Sept. 19th Sept. 5,384 25th Sept. 27th Sept. 29th Sept.
• Cargo only.
Shanghai, Moji, Kobe & YokohamIS, Moji, Kobe & Osaka. Shanghai, Moji, Kobe & Yokohama Shanghai, Moji & Kobe. Shanghai, Moji, Kobe & Yokohama. Amoy, S'hai, Moji, Kohe & Osaka. Moji, Kohe, Osaka & Yokohama. Shanghai, Moji & Kobs. Shanghai.
Amoy, Moji, Kobe & Osaka. Shanghai, Moji & Kobe. Shanghai, Moji, Kobe & Yokohama. Shanghai, Moji, Kobe & Yokohama,
All dates are approximate and subject to alteration without natice.. WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY FITTED ON ALL STEAMERS. Passengers for Rangoon must defray their own Hotel expenses at Singapore while awaiting the on-carrying steamer.,
All Cabins are fitted with Electric Fans free of charge. Steamers on London and Australian Lines are fitted with Laundries. Parcela measuring not more than 2 ft. x. 2 ft. x 1 ft. will be received at the Company's Office up to Noon on the day previous to sailing.
For further Information, Passage, Freight, Handbooks, etc., apply to:--
MACKINNON, MACKENZIE & CO.,
P. & V. Building, Connaught Rd. C., Hong Kong.
NEW
Agents
medical services of all countries with regard to their help in timen of peace. Here we see, to as great a degree as we see anywhere, an evidence of the brotherhood science. The men attached to the
Problem of Malaria
of
DISCUSSIONS .
Tropical Fevers of Short Duration
The
Congress devoted itself
favers of
short
Take the problem of malaria, might be indefinite because they the parasite discovered by Láveran of France, and the agency of the mosquito in transmission demon. strated by our own. Ronald Ross and by the illustrious Grassi of
or
medical services of the various to a discussion on tropical armies have been responsible fox General Lanne, presiding. Lieut- duration, work which in times of peace has
Colonel W. P. MacArthur in- saved scores of millions of human
troduced the subject with a paper, lives.
in which he said that diseases
were typical examples of well- known infections, or because they ware separate clinical entities which still awaited full description. The first class included mild abortive cases of typhoid, paraty- phoid, and undulant fever. Malarla, frequently showed a low continued fever, the paroxyams being absent and the parasites so scanty in the The tido-table given below has been
bicod as to be easily overlooked. ebtained by aid of the Tide-predicting Dengue and phlebotomus fever Machine, which includes 40 compon were recognized as distinct clinical ents for the better prediction of tides, entities, but owing to the lack of from the result of the analysis of the definite symptoms were frequently tidal observations, taken at the Kow-confused with similar syndromes. joon
tidal observatory under the direction of Dr. Daberek during the Especially was this the case with years 1887, 1888 and 1889,
induenza, which was very common
HONG KONG TIDE.
The times and heights are given for in the tropics, but rarely accom- Kowloon; but they may be used for panied by nasal catarrh. The blood the Victoria Naval Yard and Aberdeen, pictures of dengue and sandy the differences being very small.
The times of high-and low-water fever were often not sufficiently mast not be considered to coincide distinct from that of influenza to with the times of slack-water and separate, with certainty, these being quite distinct.
YORK, BOSTON & BALTIMORE, change of current, the two phenomens diseases. Recently spirochaetosis
JOINT SERVICE OF THE.
"BLUE FUNNEL” LINE. (OCEAN S.G. CO., LTD. & CHINA MUTUAL S.S. CO., LTD.)
AND
AMERICAN & MANCHURIAN LINE.
(ELLERMAN & BUCKNALL §.S. CO., LTD.) SAILINGS FROM HONG KONG.
S.S. "CITY OF CANBERRA, Via Spez Canal 10th September
S.S. "PYERHUS"
Vía Suez Canal: 30th September Steamers proceed via Suez Canal or Panama Canal at Owners' Option;
Subject to change without notice.
For Freight and particulars apply to:-- BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE or THE BANK LINE, LTD, Hong Kong. Hong Kong & Canton: JARDINE, MATHESON & CO. LTD., Canton,
DATE
as a cause of short fever had al- tracted attention. The leptospira August 18 to 19, 1929.
as a group showed many variants, which, although indistinguishable HIGH WATER LOWER WATER. morphologically, yet seemed able to cause clinical symptoms which At Standard
Times
Bt. varied from a day or two of pyrexia up to a severe toxaemic jaundice.
Standard Augast
Times
Tuna. 15 m 3 38 16.4
11 1 2.9 Well's disease had probably at
17 Wed, 14 m 38 57 049 13 The more severe forms of dengue 38 times been recorded us dengue. 7 318 3:0 10 10 N | 3,6 Thurn L. 684 0.019320 disease, in its turn, could generally 133 11 16 220 be distinguished from spirochae 10 a 16 tosia by their respective blood pic- Fri 16 m 6 24 6320780
tures. Well's disease, in its turn, m0 3.9
could generally be distinguished 113.8 from yellow fever by the relative 318 10 quantities of albumin in the urine. m1:07 38 Colonel MacArthur added that the 3509 attempts which were being made to
Bat 17 m 7 6
Fan. 18 m Yon: 1
WARSHIPS HERE
The following are the warships at present in harbour:-
At the North Basin: H.M.S. "Tamar," and "Moth."
At the North Arm: H.M.S. "Stormcloud."
Oil Fuel Jetty:-H.M.S. "Sandwich."
Foreign Men-of-War
U.S. "Mindanao."
French "Argus."
SPEED
COMFORT
GOOD SERVICE S.S. CHUEN CHOW
Week Day Sailing from Hong Kong at 2 p.m. Arriving Macao at 5.30 p.m.
Sailing from Macao at 7.50 a.m. Arriving Hong Kong at 11.20 a.m. Sunday Sailing from Macao at 6 pm
H.K. 5
10 p.m.
"
*
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Tel C. 6061.
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MS. "SUGBO
Codes Used:
A1, A&C.
Fifth E-
tion; En-
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· Second. Fil-
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