fco-21-194-internal-political-situation-in-hong-kong-disturbances-and-communist-agitation — Page 11

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I am sending a copy of this letter to James Hurray in Far Zastern
Department.

.liott,

(1. CRADOCK)

Hong Kong.

RESTRICTED

CYPHER/CAT A

FDY/1

CONFIDENTIAL

IMMEDIATE COMMONWEALTH OFFICE TO HONG KONG

ELNO 558

27 MARCH, 1968 (F)

O COPY

RECEIVED IN ARCHIVES No 31

2. HAR68

CONFIDENTIAL.

ADDRESSED TO HONG KONG TELEGRAM NUMBER 558 OF 27 MARCH REPEATED FOR
INFORMATION TO PEKING. 328 * x 14 288

PEKING TELEGRAMS NOS. 239 AND 240: PRISON VISITS.

SINCE THERE DOES SEEM TO HAVE BEEN GENUINE MISUNDERSTANDING TI ABOUT
EXACT MEANING OF QUOTE JOURNALISTS UNQUOTE (THE POSSIBILITY OF WHICH YOU
NOTED IN YOUR TELEGRAM NUMBER 366), WE THINK THAT, UNLESS YOU SEE
OBJECTION, TALKS WITH N.C.N.A. MIGHT PROCEED ON THE BASIS THAT THEIR
LIST OF 21 PRISONERS IS ACCEPTED. THIS MIGHT BE FOLLOWED AFTER SUITABLE
SHOW OF HESITATION BY COMPROMISE ON THREE VISITORS TO EACH PRISONER.

2. WE ARE NEVERTHELESS ANXIOUS NOT TO COMPROMISE ON POINT THAT CATEGORY
OF PRISONERS ELIGIBLE FOR SPECIAL VISITS IS A MATTER OF PRINCIPLE TO BE
DECIDED IN PEKING. SUBJECT TO YOUR AND HOPSON'S VIEWS, WE SUGGEST
THEREFORE THAT, SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH (IF NOT PRIOR TO) RESUMPTION OF YOUR
TALKS WITH N.C.N.A., HOPSON SHOULD INFORM CHINESE OF DECISION TO ACCEPT
THEIR INTERPRETATION ON THIS POINT, REPRESENTING IT ON LINES INDICATED
IN PARAGRAPH 2(D) OF PEKING TELEGRAM NUMBER 240.r

CROSEC

بیان

DEPARTMENTAL DISTRIBUTION

F.0.

C.O.

F.E.D. CONSULAR DEPT. P.C.D.

F

D.D. & P.U.S.D. NEWS DEPT. J.I.R.D. O.L.A.

H.K.D. NEWS DEPT.

CONFIDENTIAL

NOTHING TO BE WRITTEN IN THIS MARGIN

Registry No.

DEPARTMENT

FDY/I

SECURITY CLASSIFICATION PRIORITY MARKINGS

Top Secree "Secret

Confidential -Restricted

Unclasified

En Clait Code Cypher

Emergency?" Immediare Priorley, Restina

Security classification

[Sec

any

{Codeword-fany].....

(Date)

* Date and time (G.M.T.) telegram should

reach addressce(s)

27/3 Desparched 248.

‒‒‒‒‒AN AJAAN ·

ER

CONFIDENTIAL

Draft Telegram to:-

Addressed to

Hong Kong 558.

telegram No..

...(date)........

HONG KONG

55.8 2713

No.

(Date)

And to:--

And to....

repeated for information to... Peking

-- IL

חודי-זי- --- -

27 handi

Repeat to:-

PEKIN

Saving to:--

295

Distribution:-

Departmental

(As for Peking

tela. no9. 239 and 240)

Copies to:---

Saving 10.

-++++

Peking telegrams nos. 239 and 240 : Prison

Visits.

Since there does seem to have been genuine

misunderstanding about exact meaning of

"journalists" (the possibility of which you noted

in your telegram No. 366), we think that, unless

you see objection, talks with N.C.N.A. might

proceed on the basis that their list of 21

prisoners is accepted.

This might be followed

after suitable show of hesitation by compromise

on three visitors to each prisoner.

2. We are nevertheless anxious not to compromise

on point that category of prisoners eligible for

special visits is a matter of principle to be

decided in Peking. Subject to your and Hopson's

views, we suggest therefore that, simultaneously

with (if not prior to) resumption of your talks

with N.C.N.A., Hopson should inform Chinese of

decision to accept their interpretation on this

point, representing it on lines indicated in 3 paragraph 2(d) of Peking
telegram No. 240.

Flag B

Departmental Da"/".

dist.

IMMEDIATE CUTITIT

CYPHER/CAT A

INNEDIATE HONG KONG

TELEGRAM HUMBER 363 .

+

RECEIVED IN ARCHIVES No.31

2

28 MAR 1968

FDY1

:

अचा

ADVANCE COMES

F.O.

P.S.

P.U.S.

R.O

Sie Dr Allen M Hall

Miwaka

Hd E.Ed..

• Crussalas 104 at News

TO COMMONWEALTH OFF ICE

22 MARCH 1968

P. U, S.

Six I. Jchuiton

Hd. H.K.D.

News Deh

-t

P

CONFIDENT VAL

ADDRESSED CO TELEGRAM NO. 363 OF 22ND MARCH REPEATED PEKING.

+

; I; Flag I

MY TELEGRAM NO. 357: PRISON VISITS.

Guertaken by or Re

Flag K

A FURTHER MIETING WAS HELD WITH NONA ON MARCH 21ST. POLITICAL

ADVISER PUT FORWARD A PROGRAMME CWORKED OUT IN ACCORDANCE

WITH THE POINTS MADE IN PEKING ON THE LINES OF PARAT (CA) OF YOUR
TELEGRAM NO. 3479 FOR VISITS EARLY NEXT WEEK TO 14 OF THE PRISONERS. HE
POINTED OUT THAT OF CHINESE LIST OF 22 ONE

HAD ALREADY GEEN RELEASED SEMICOLON 5 WERE LABOURERS · CEMPLOYED

BY WEN VEI PAOD AND 2 CAGED 17 AND 14) WERE NEWSPAPER SELLERS ONLY. NONE
OF THESE WERE BONA FIDE JOURNALISTS AND THEY WERE

THEREFORE INELIGIBLE FOR VISITS UNDER THE PEKING PROPOSALS.

·

2. NONA CONCEDE THE IMPORTANT POINT THAT VISITS SHOULD BE TO
INDIVIDUALS, NOT GROUPS BUT THEY SAID THAT THE PROGRAMME WAS

GROUPS 30

-

UNACCEPTABLE BECAUSE

(A) THEY CONSIDERED THE NUMBER OF VISITORS SHOULD BE FOUR

NOT TWO. (THEY POINTED OUT THAT THREE PEOPLE MIGHT GO ON NORMAL.

VISITS TO PRISONERS).

(D) THEIR INSTRUCTIONS WERE THAT ALL "PATRIOTIC NEWSPAPER EMPLOYEES'

VERE ELIGIBLE FOR VISITS.

IN ADDITION, THEY REPEATED (THOUGH WITHOUT MUCH ARGUMENT) THEIR DEMAND
(Q> TO BE ALLOWED TO BRING IN THE WORKS OF NAO AS GIFTS

TO MIBONERS.

2. POLÍTIONE ADVISER SAID THAT HE WOULD HAVE TO REPORT THE

MZ IGUANA, CANLANIN (IV), ALOVE MISHE BASJA, FARTA OF

4

+

349

-

MJI

3. POLITICAL ADVISER SAID THAT HE WOULD HAVE TO REPORT THE

SICATIO!!

SILLATION BACK. POINTS CA) AND (B) ABOVE WERE BASIC PARTS OF

THE PROPOSAL MADE IN PEKING AND WE HAD NO AUTHORITY TO DEPART

FROM THEM IN HONG KONG. ON POINT (C) WE WERE NOT PREPARED TO

GIVE WAY

4. ONLY A FEW OTHER MINOR POINTS ARE OUTSTANDING. NONA REPRESENT-

ATIVES'RE REASONABLE AND SEEMED ANXIOUS TO SETTLE QUICKLY

WITHO

FEEL,

"BATHER REFERENCE TO MTA, HOWEVER, THEY WILL NO DOUBT

ED TO REPORT BACK TO PEKING, AS THERE WAS OBVIOUS

DISAG. INT BETWEEN OUR TWO VIEWS OF WHAT CONSTITUTED

144

DETAI TO BE SETTLED HERE, AS WELL AS WHAT HAD ALREADY BEEN

SETTLED IN PEKING.

+

FO PLEASE PASS IMMEDIATE PEKING

KEHYTEL

MÝTEL 124.

GOVERNOR

SENT AT 22/05592 MARCH

RECD AT 22/06002 MARCH

1

J

+

Sir D. Mlen

CONFIDENT LAL

RECEIVED IN ARCHIVES No.31

2 8 MAR 1968

FDI1

340

Flags A, B

PRISON VISITS

Peking telegrama noa. 239 and 240 reporting a meeting

Fe 3/3 (287) between the Chargé d'Affaires and an official of the
Chinese

+298 Ministry of Foreign Affairs indicate that there has been a

misunderstanding about the categories of prisoners to be included

as "patriotic journalists" in the context of additional prison

visits in Hong Kong. N.C.N.A. in Hong Kong had presented a

list of 21 persons which, beside the 2 N.C.N.A. correspondents

and 12 journaliste, included 5 labourers and 2 newspaper sellers

employed by a communist newspaper in Hong Kong (Hong Kong

Flag C/ telegram No. 363). The Chinese argue that the term translated

as "journalist" in fact means literally in Chinese "newspaper

workers", We should therefore agree to grant additional visits

to all the 21 persons listed. The Chinese have also supported

a request of N.C.N.A. in Hong Kong for the number of visitors

to each prisoner to be no less than three, not two as we had

proposed. We have to decide whether to agree to what the

Chinese ask.

Recommendation

2. I recommend that subject to the views of the Governor of

Hong Kong, we agree that visite should be allowed to all the persons
listed by N.C.N.A. and that three visitors be allowed

to each prisoner. I submit a draft telegram on these lines

drafted by the Commonwealth Office.

CONFIDENTIAL

/Background

CONFIDENTIAL

- 2

Background

Flag CO Politi

Flag D

3. After protracted exchanges in Peking we agreed that

additional visits would be granted to the 2 N.C.N.A. corres- pondents
and an unspecified number of "patriotic journalista"

in prison on the understanding that access would be granted

to Mr. Grey, the Reuters correspondent. Agreement in principle

having been reached, it was left that the detailed arrangements,

including the submission of the list of prisoners,would be

handled by N.C.N.A. in Hong Kong. At the meeting with the

Political Adviser on 21 March (Hong Kong telegram No. 363),

the N.C.N.A. produced a list of 22 prisoners. One had already

been released and the remainder contained the names of five

labourers employed by the Wen Wei Pao and two newspaper sellers.

We considered that these seven did not fall within the category

of bona fide journalists to whom we had agreed visits might be

granted, although the N.C.N.A. argued the phrase had been "patriotic
newspaper employees" not "journalists". They also

raised the question of the number of visitors to each prisoner

asking that it should be four and not two as we had stipulated.

4. The Chargé d'Affaires was instructed (Foreign Office

telegram No. 283) to raise these points in Peking, pointing

For 13/2ut that in the case of categories of prisoners the N.C.N.A.

Flag A

appeared to be diverging in principle from what had already

been agreed between him and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Sir D.
Hopson reports (Peking telegram No. 239) that the Deputy Director for
Western Europe at the Chinese Ministry of Foreign

Affairs supported the N.C.N.A. claim that all 21 prisoners

/should

CONFIDENTIAL

CONFIDENTIAL

- 3-

should be allowed visits because the Chinese words consistently

used for "journalists" literally meant "newspaper workers" as

the N.C.N.A. said. The Deputy Director also supported the

N.C.N.A. demand that more than two visitors be allowed on each

occasion, pointing out that in the case of normal visits three

were allowed. He concluded by saying that the number should

in any case be "no less than three".

Argument

5. It seems that there has been a genuine misunderstanding

as the Chinese words can only be translated as "newspaper

workers" or "newspaper employees".

The misunderstanding

apparently arose as a result of the English translation by the Chinese
interpreters in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs

in Peking. In view of the importance of defining the category

accurately, it is surprising the discrepancy was not picked up

by one of our Chinese speakers. But I think we must accept

that the Chinese are acting in good faith. Since they seem

anxious to settle the matter and it is equally in our interest

to gain access to Mr. Grey as soon as possible, I think we

should agree to visita to all 21 persons. As Sir D. Hopson

points out, the degree of discrimination in favour of a certain group of
political prisoners will be no greater if we include

the extra seven.

6. As regards the number of visitors, itis correct that

three are allowed for routine visits. The Governor of Hong

Kong has already agreed that if the Chinese press we can

/accept

CONFIDENTIAL

CONFIDENTIAL

-

4

accept three. There therefore seems no reason to hold out

for two. To concede four as the N.C.N.A. aak would I think

be wrong in principle as it would be bowing to pressure on

a point which cannot be of prime importance to N.C.N.A.

Moreover the Chinese in Peking seem disposed to accept three.

Humaya Jauns Manag

(James Murray) 27 March, 1968

Copy to Mr. Carter, C.0.

AL Mn Mushing

Lénk's

І

agree

28/3

sa"

28 Maande

3

CONFIDENTIAL

Ed (4206)

Reference

H. Sharland

KE VED IN ARVES No.31

27 MAR 1968

FD1/1

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Ching/Bong Kong

Draft Note for the Minister of State for his address to the Comsomrealth
Parliamentary Association on Thursday, 29 March, 1968 on the subject
"World Security Problema"

There is little doubt that the disturbances in Hong Kong last year vere

There is an overspill of the revolutionary ferment on the Chinese
mainland,

no evidence to show that they were in any way instigated by the Chinese

the latest

Government in Peking, although thay subsequently gave strong propaganda

encouragement and certain financial assistance to their supporters in
the

colony.

2.

1

The change of taches comes with the warming revolut my im

enversam on the Maratons and the TEASSam

A randiņa, dimin mered had virtually abandoned dolen By the end of the
year, the communlets had virtually abandoned violence

in their confrontation with the Hong Kong authorities although isolated

contramed for some the time after last selis incidents involving
violence #9422-devufiyat, cand are heath to recur. j

I this forum factor and

the efficiency with which the 3.

There noens Ittle doubt that apart from the afficiandy with which the

• mayal

A

This

Hong Kong Government dealt with the disturbances, the faoton/which led
to

this change in commentet Tactica vas the reaction of the general public

in the colony to the use of violence by the trouble unkers. There was

overwhelming public support for the maamires adopted by the authorities
to

deal with the situation and when the communists resorted to terrorista

tactics this served only to antagonise public opinion still further.

general reaction appears to have come as a surprise to the local
communist leaders. They had perhaps forgotten that a very substantial
proportion of the people of Hong Kong consistdof refugees from the
communist regime in China who had "voted with their feet" for the way of
life with which Hong

Kong could provide them.

The econogy of Hong Kong has shown quite remarkable resilience in the
face of the Afficulties which confronted the golony during the last &
right months of 1967. It has offered certain set backu as a result of
the

disturbances but its final trade figures for last year speak for
themselves. Hong Kong's imports, domestic exports and re-exports for
1967 all showed increases over the corresponding figures for 1966. In
the case of domestic exports the increase was 17%, a Figure which
represents the highest growth

/rate

rate since 1961,

5.

Exjaciatio

But the abandonment of violence does not mean that the communists

have ceased their campaign of confrontation in Hong Kong. The iáležíhout

in the Ca

is that their efforts to undermine the authoritige/will continue
unabated. These efforts however will probably take the form of a long
term idealogical struggle for the "bearte and winde" of the people of
the Colony. 6. It may be thought that the recent decision by Her
Majesty's Government

to withdraw their military presence from the Far East by the end of 1971

But there is no vill cause the comunista to redouble their efforts.

intention of reducing the strength of the Hong Kong garrison and with
our

withdrawal from Singapore steps will be taken to ensure that the
effectiveness

of the garrison remains unimpaired.

7. It has already been publicly stated that the Hong Kong Government
vill

contáme to take such measures as may be necessary to maintain peace,
order

and good government. In so doing they will continue to have the full
support

and assistance of Berkajesty's Government.

M Shagam

Draft Suppleambar Notes for the Minister of State for his Address to the
Commonwealth Parliamentaar Association on Thursday, 29 March, 1968. on
the subject of "World Security Problems".

Chinn/Hong Kong

A

What will happen to Hong Kong when the lease of the

How Territories expires in 1997î

It is quite impossible to envisage what situation

will obtain in thirty years' time and it would be

a ranh man who would attempt to do so. Meanwhile,

H.N.G. have every intention of maintaining their

position and authority in the Colony, and vill

continue to give the Hong Kong Government all

possible support for any measures that they may

consilar necessary to achieve that object.

This

CS

the other half

Q.

What would happen if China were to launch a

military attack on Hong Kong?

A.

That is a hypothetical question to which there is

you

the notes that I sent

this morning

J5

63.

Chinese action....

bithello havies mŸ that then hame

no point in replying at this stage. In fact,

balor

there is no reason to suppose that China

will have any intention of launching such an attack.

It is the desire of the Hong Kong Government and of

Her Majesty's Government to live on friendly termG

with China and we shall continue to work to that

and.

Q.

Are the Hong Kong Government taking any measures to

give the ordinary people of the Colony more

opportunity of participating in the conduct of the

affairs of the Colony?

/A.

A. Yes. Normal constitutional progress towards

A.

Mand

self-government is not possible in the particular

circumstances of Hong Kong; nor are the people

asking for it. But the Government are exploring

waya and means of giving them a bigger say in the

affairs of Government and of ensuring that the

views of the ordinary nan are made known to those

in authority. One possible way of doing this is

through the medium of local government; another

possible means is the recently inaugurated system

of dity Mistrict Officers in urban areas about

which a statement vas sade in Parliament on

12 March by the Parliamentary Under Secretary of

State for Commonwealth Affairs.

Is it not the case that the low vage rates and

poor living conditions of the masses in Rong Kong

represent a security hazard which demands early

action?

The disturbances in Hong Kong last year were in no

way the result of such conditions, But it is

accepted that there is room for improvement in the

whe

sphere of labour relations in Hong Kong and steps

are being taken to remedy the situation.

Hong Kong Labour Commissioner announced on

14 February a liberal programs of labour

legislation: action has already been taken to

strengthen the staff of the Labour Department an

and legislation was

Generally

recently introduced to reduce, over a period of

time, the maximum permitted working hours for

women and young persona in industry,

speaking the Hong Kong authorities are fully

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