1989-02-13 — Page 9

育 日八初月正年巴巴膺夏

1989 中學會考預習專欄

明德出版社

MILL & DALE PRESS

History (20)

The May Fourth. Movement (1) Background History

J: Lui:

Before 1 examine the causes and the significances of the May Fourth Movement, I would like to examine the significance of the 1911 Revolution.

The

Significance

Revolution...

the 1911

The 1911 Revolution was a political revolution in the sense that it put stare. an end to the anarchial After the Wuhan Uprising, China was monarch, but a governed not by a representative government.

2. Traditional

whereas

Bondrclis

regarded

themselves as "Sons of Heaven",

the

républican legitimated by government was popular consent. or the COMNOM peuple.

the

3. Also, the revolution marked

-beginning of a new political erdin China because China was no longer ruled by feudal lords.

ideal's

4. However, many.

of the revolution were not fulfilled...

5. Therefore, I would like to assess the result of the Revolution first.

6. Moreover we should take the three principles of people as criteria in asses,ng the 1911. Revolution.

From political point of view the 191 Revolution could only expel the Manzbus:

8. However, Cre Republicans were unable to end unequal treaties and concessions. China was still under the spell of western imperialism.

Politically, the conservative and feudal forces still dominated the political scene of China.

was

10. Resides, democracy

not effectively practised in China. The new republican -governmerit. 12.3$ dominated by Yuan who wanted to control the government cuniastely.

11. To deliteve his personal ambition', was believed that Yan had planned to assassinate Sung Chiao- jen who was ...] stunt advocate of démocracy.

12. In fact,

tarnished corruption.

the

government favoritism

Was and

کر می کند

13. The social situation in the marly

republican Chira- remained, nearly. intact. The

ideal' of equal distribution of land could not be carried out. To a large extent,

郭日僑華

14. Exploitation in villages was still

serious..

-期星:日三十月二(九八九一年八十七國民華中

industrialists and urban workers whose local, concepts and social values were totally different from Confucian Chini.

育體日八初月正

Fand was owned and occupied by large landlords."

b. Owing to imperial

the 'control, Chinese infant industries could not grow powerfully.

k.

Thus, this new social force became another new force of change.

1.

Apart from being exploited by Cirina พ85

beset with warlardism.

15% To sum up, China rengined nearly unchanged after -the 1911 Revolution.

The May Fourth Movement Background History.

1. The failure of the 1911 Revolution

Since the early republican China was characterized by chaos anci unrest, many Chinese intellectuals realized that the reform of 1911 was a failure.

b. When they examined the causes bi

the failure, they concluded that i was because the revolution was not coincided with a social revolution..

lius, many

enlichtene i intellectuals wanted to stage a social revolution in ercer to save Chinaz

The aim of this social revolution was to change the social values of the Chinese people.

de To facilitate the easy expression of ideas, the use of plain language nas emphasized.

e. Thus, it has been generally agreed

that the new Culture Movement laid- down the

the foundation for

the outbreak.

Fourth May Movement..

2. Economic, Social and Political

.Background

2.

During the last century, the self- sufficing agrarian economy began to change after the opening of China by the West.

c. Yet in the latter half of the 19th

century, Chinese industry still had. little opportunity to expand, partly because foreign manufactured goods of lower price and better quality were dumped into. Chinese markets under the privileges obtained by the Great Powers either by force or by diplomatic means.

d. However, Chinese motive industries could grow only when the Western powers were preoccupied with the First World War, 1914-18.

e. Unfortunately,

this golden opportunity could not last long When the First World Har ended.

f. After the First World War, the great powers resumed their Drivileges and control. In China.

g. Besides, Japan had expanded her economic and political influence th China when western importaliss loosened their control in China.

T.

Chinese national bourgeoise and

the capitalists joined

anti- imperialistic banner when their economic interests collided with the West.

Socially speaking, since the civil service. examination had been abolished in 1905, no new effective recruitment system had been substituted.

J. Unable to become

government officials through Thermal channels, able and ambitious young men and women became now merchants,

western imperilaists

m. Meanwhite, the political situation of China after 1915, both internal and external, provided fertile soil for a revult.

n.

0.

Woodrow Wilson's political icealism, such as his advocacy of the secret diplomacy, the guaranty independence of the political of small status, and national self- determination, had great appeal to Chinese intellectuals.

when

Thus,

the Chinese. intellectuals found. the ideals and the practice of the western powers contradictory. they became anti- westorti and anti-imperialistic. That was the shantung Question,

Besides, the release of the 21 demands generaten another Lide of anti-foreign, anti-dapar. warlord sentiments.

anti-

and anti-Confucian

Two Phases of the Movement

1. The First. Phase, Sure new

intellectual's .concentrated

their ideas in..

instilling

students and youth of China.

HOS

an

the

2. During the second phase, an all-out;

attack on tradition and Launched! conservatism principally by students, and the movement was carried beyond burėly intellectuals.

= area of semi-circle. AEC

1989 中學會考預習專欄

明德出版社

MILL & DALE PRESS

Mathematics (20)

igur

As shown in the figure, let r-radius, X=OD

ADAB-BE.

(a) Let r-radius.

circle.

2 x 15°

'area of senf-circle BDS

$130

Area of art. AABC = (AC)(BC)

aded region

W. K. Lo

Exercise 20

Mensmation (1)

Section A

As shown in figure 1, AB AC-10cm, BC-16cm, find the radius of circle.

the

14,3

2. As

Figure 1

shown in figure 2. a is the centre of the circle, 0A40A=10cm and £408-120%. Find the area of the shaded region.

126

3.

Figure 2

figure 3, ABCD is a parallelogram with area 72cm2, H, K are the mid-paints of AB and CD, ind the area of the shaded region.

Section

6. As how figure 6, a right circuler cone is divided into 3 proportions A, B and C by planes parallel to the base. The neights of the portions 1, 2 and 3 units. respectively. Fin

Shoheline ratio of the volume of A to

hal of U.

whethe ratio of Led volume of B toj

AC the ratio of the area of the uced surface of B to that of C.

figure 6

7. Ir figure 7, ABC is a right-angled triangle with right angled at C. AFC, COB and ACB are semi-circles! with diameters AC, CB and A3.

6 cm

In rt. 40BD

= (r-6)2+82 =2-12c+36 64

12r = 100

B.33 cm

(Ans.)

Ares of AA03

(13)(10)Sto: 202

43.3 cm2

Area of sector 403

· 120°

360

= 102

LX (10)*

ÜBL

Area of the-

= 104.7-43.3

19.1 cm (Ans.

(b) Area of shaded sector

(AC+BC7-48)

A-BC

20

* (19.17* × (8) 95.5.cm

[Ans.)

Section 8

6.

LIBR

ARTE

fe of rt. AACH

the required ratio is 11.

[Ans.

= 61,4 cm2

(Ans.)

SA

Area of parallelogram KHBC

= Volume of A

• Volune of B

= Volume of C

Curved surface area of A

Sp = Curved surface area of e Curved surface area of C

=

+

216-

(a)

V1 = 1: 26. (Ans.)

X

2× 72cm2 = 36cm2

(5)

(1+213

Arge of saaded region

oft

Area of 4CON+Area of quad. 110FB

= Area of AKOF Area of quad, HOFB

1

=

x (Area of HRCK)

Z

1

x 36 cm?

2

(Ans.)

- Area of AIRB.

Figure 3

4. In figura 4, ABC is an exp.Materal triangle of side bom. A circle, contre at 0, passes through A. B and ind the cadrus circle.

Figure 7

Find the ratio of the area of the | shaded region to the area triangle ABC.

8. As shown in figure 8, three circles with centres A, B and C touch each other. If the radii of the circles are respectively 5 cm, 4 cm and! 4 cm, find

(a) the perimeter of the shaded region.

(b) the area of the shaded region..

= 18 cm2

the

Figure 2

In figure. 5, 0 is te centre of the

Figure 8

4.

7.

4c3

Let r-radius of the circle

9 =

* 60" = 30"

But

BC = Ercos30°

circle. Length of are. APR: 1em and ZACB=15%, find:

Solutions to Exercise 20

Section A

} =

DC 2cc5309 6 2065309

:.27 : 216

= 1: (27-1): (216-27)

= 1 26 189

.. the required ratio is 26:189.

(c) S (S2+5)= (S+Sp+5p)

:

1: (1+2): (1+2+3)* = 19: 36

= (9-1): (36-9)

8: 27

[Ans.)

- area of semi-circle: ACB

(a) tan_RAD

80

- AD

(RAD = 23.96"

LBAG 2 x 23.9

47.92*

Length of ark bas

EF

41692x2x1 (5)

4.132 cr

LARGE-

(1809447.5

÷ 66.04*

Length of art DF

Length of art DE. 06.04 360)

X (2004)

= 4.61 cm.

Perimeter of the shaded region

4,182 x 4.61

= 13.4 C

(Ans.)

(b) Area of sector AFE

17.92° 1360*

Area of sector OCE - Area of sector BOF

65.040

3500X (C)(4)2.

9.22 cm2

= 10.15cm2

ABC

Ares of triangle

(AB) (AC) sinĹBAC

(9)(9)sin47.92

30.06cm2

Area of the shaded region

- 30.06cm2-19.22cm 49.22cm2

+10.45cm2)

3.464 cm (Acs.)

1:17cm2

(Ans,)

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