1986-11-15 — Page 7

六期星

日五十月一十年六八九一年五十七國民華中

定決票投會委

制學年四爲改大港

驟步制學革改究研組小作工立設將方校 言語試考學教為語英持保成贊員委數多

化惡更題問令謂試考級中設評

可視本的三年學制改為四年。 六. 别會議後表示,糧過教務委員會代表投票,决定將原 香港大學校長王腓武博士昨午主持教務委員會特

華僑教育

【贊成改制,二十張反對。",

段中分心,更加爲考試而讀書。

·國際地位,日前希望港大把三年制改爲四年制,坦 的學習更有好處。同時,為了不拘害港大學位學歷的

·教育登助委員會,未知該委員會有何反 -制中六預科之後,大學增加一年,但對港大本科學生 ......王履试說,政務委員金經過商議後,認爲在一年 化,反而使學生從一個有智能發展所需寬的學習階 教育統調委員會設段的安排,不能促使中六課程一般 ,不能解决目前所出現的問題,反而更使問題惡化。 告否對中六课程所提的建議,包括設立中級程度考試

他說,參與特別會議的委固全部是港大敎師 港大校務委員會相信,教育統籌委員會第二次報 研究改變學制的步骤,至於工作小組成員名單暫未决 他又表示,被力而就有關的改革股立工作小組,

“王校長稱,校方仍未將此承决定知合大學及工

昨出席特別合廠的八十三名代表中,有六十三票

學術理由須作例外處世,可也該委員會批准施行。六米

·待港大的學術水平。 不同程度的兵學閱求,深受困擾;就大學入學太华,當進大大地減輕目前的流凡情况。 他緻稱,本科四年制亦可達到統一本港兩間大學 : C) 商討學制增加!管所需要的額外資源,以確保維

·港大了解到須與大學及理工教育資助委AR CUPG 而建蔟把目前和計劃好的收新生名額減少,因此, 飛後他表示,經過討論,教務委員會多數贊成保持以英語作爵營學及考試語文,但如基於 大學水平的岸的。身前,有志升讀大學的中學生對

消息。 會特別會議後,發表被方贊成大都四年制 圓爲港大校長王武博士於教務委員

無心集

·竹織鴨

輪流轉

決定將來做個成功嘅教育,作者郭 我哋,我哋仲成死人寫落去投訴......店但 唔應該拍我哋心所以我當時

怪。 要從事敎育工作............。」被得覺得奇 ∫因女小降?你一直同我粱,豬立志

「波導,我想唔敎野, 改做其他工作

•聽你聽氣咁急,到底有乜事? 彼得問 「露絲,你約我出嚟,話有事同我講

琴蟲

寫在孫中山先生

誕辰紀念日

祝孫中山先生誕辰

一百二十週年的活

紀放假一天:以示

社會。(紅塵) 【道路。好含米來一代,創造一個更美好的 除了變親之外,更應好好思我們未來的。 的手裏。在这一個値得紀念的時刻,我們 明日的國家會是怎樣,是大定在我們 安苟活,今日的中國不知會是怎樣的模樣 的生活們滿足了。設若森先生也是這樣偷 了。但求能考上大學,過一世安定而舒適 一們的啓示。今日香港彎年,眼光也太短淺 一的理想,兩天的豪氣,這是孫先生給予我 :要幹一番偉大的事業,必先要有迎大 這是何等的豪氣。偉哉-國父,若非是你 今日我們違不知要過怎樣的一種生素。

命的思潮就在他腦海中蹲避不已。而 治度,要建立一個自由民主的新中國 要找甜整個舉動,要改變數千年的統

祺剪的腐敗與無能,更令他怒不可遏,當 孫先生認識到滿清政府已無可救藥時,華人 君當時的中國人民陷於水深火熱之中。而 這一顆與生俱來的仁慈之心,使他不忍眼 理想。他跟見貧苦大眾的凄凉,便立 嗇,且對窮乏的百姓附醫施藥,就是因為

一勵,莫不透射出人性美善的光輝。 位, 早在脊年時,孫中山先生已有與高的一 志行醫救人,以致捨生革命,其間的一言 「國父」之名,得來全不容易,孫中山先 生的一生琶行,堪作我們的典範。由他立,

·國近代史中,碳是無人能與孫中山相比。

報日僑華

育教華頁三第張二第日四十月十年寅丙腐夏

WAH KIU YAT PO

學生代表會新聞界

全校九榮院長 一作出席者只有八十人

對港大改制表歡迎

, 另一方面,多位港上月廿五 的學生評議立的工作小得。 參與校方就學制問題所設工作小組 會長袁清表示爭取一位學生代表,中醫學制外,亦 袁經淸又說,會議 「英語作為主要的叛變症」。

CHDANKOJ 「其餘學院未能作出决定一,又仲話我誰佢哋就究境去投許,我成 「形成一種風氣。捻落 一

「但係依家我教間學交班學生頭皮嘅, 多數代來都鹊成就持以爲做勃師嘅時候,就知道有苦自己知...... 「對論效學習問題,大。依髗世界真係好似氣流轉咁......到依家身

重要的教育問題,歡迎 會會長許保榮主講。 戍亥查港學校制導人冒,上述各項本年度最 大學師範學系 梁實 主 . 太「塵及能否 所有教師參與絷时

「官的抛射:由香港大

一面。但長素還選個學 別會議後,爽新西譽會 亦於校方教務委員會特一對四學制表示歡迎。 表原有一百一十人,但因不量大學有關範圍,並不列入討論:無水),三之小學數師的作曲敦育著幼稚園 大學生會代表和學生,合上,學生會已明顯地,全體效務委員會代言;至於中級程度考meteoro,在热程国中推行公民教

教務委員會特别幃議後與新問界談話。 阿爲港大學生會會長袁帶(中)於 事件表示意見。不過,吳校方就學制附近而設 方决定,改四年限制的取有一些學生代表,參 出,學生會暫不宜就校。該同型說,他們將爭

研討會今舉行

學生輔導工作

書中學學生荊導工作研討會。

·於今日上午在旺角伊利沙伯中學參加一個

梁文建主禮及致詞 (港)大約二百七十名中學校長將,

作上各有關人員的任務, '''

學校進行蝻度服務交換意見。 任侯浩嫈將主鹃「如何在校內組織及推動 局議員楊森坤議員亦將在會上致詞。...

二、一和激師參考的指引」,及與校長就有關在 . 教育署署長梁文建將致開會詞,立法

近出版的「中學學生輔導工作——給校長 在專題演講方面。教育署高级教育主

研討會由灣育署主辦,目的是介紹新 童心理辅淇服務》將主講「在學生輔導工】 學生茹導工作」,而教育署首席督準(學|

to

·港中文大學窗佈今年開始每年将流頒予

中文大學設紀念獎 紀念故富爾頓勳爵 校方並以一座新建築物命名爲紀念

·首次獲獎人爲人文學院學生黃瑞嫻

(一九馨望一六六 優界之四年級學生。 《對該校創立及成長之

巨大貢献, 經設立學院黃瑞嫂同學,經於

「富爾頓動爵紀念獎」十一月十一日舉行之一开

日 本年首次泰藝人文

立新大學,其建經將至。

「頓委員,研究在本港成 O.N 親自按函予獎

年代初期導高爾 LV ERFUL-T

於爾帶點於六三勳爵之公子 MR 0

項簡單儀式中由富爾頓

硏學教

7 篇

會大究

行舉午下日今

護主會大為五讓偉志謝

高中任該校校賽,第一興建預期於一九八八年高一道規模龐大的教

文大學,富珠頓勳碗同 宣佈:即將在校國中部 一九六三年創立香港中心香港中文大學同時

九八一年獲校董會推選 落成之一座新建築物,学研究大會,將於今(

獎」恩·金帝獎,將由 一富爾頓魩纪念用垂永紀。

請主人專題主八分淘大

所

處學校社會工作主任何大學鏞基學院形良系光」一太。查胸可致電 萬南學院社會系講師纂 師、香港教師會大專街。每一位参加研討者,

梁兆棠及香沿大型師寛正治有主講的 寶瓊,香港基督教服漆秘書謼添鉅博·土及中文 均可免費獲貽「教育鼷 |輔導制度的檢討一:油 港大學教育學院商秧, 具參考性值的漵育學報 學系講師歡湖汝凱主革面中,「統一期上人及爾為許育問題的研究 四、「學或社工與學試的可行性:由資成果的鴻文多篇,是祂 「科學院畢業同學會會長 非牛利幼稚園務會主席 內容收錄有本港及國際 「在睫學位諛程」:由致 總任學村謝登珠及香港 曙光一經已出版,本期 、著名教育家對教育理論

諮詢與溝通

·華僑日報教育版主編

學院師 林孟平博上三·八、「九年免費敎 港教師。 謝瑞貞及中文大學 師郭少棠博士主講。当——六七三四二〇

知多一點點

教育行政

香港教育行政學會供應資料

爲首位於海校茧。而將以宫本領勳爵命名、基媒六)日下午三時半,行政人員的其中一項工作是「二重要。但如何語詞、經由何種長道 ,假九龍加士居道葛阻作決定」,作决定很多時只是一瞬,舂鵲、及作何種程度的諂本身就

賀動教訓詞及頒發畢業證書及獎狀。在贺

鄧鏡波學校畢業禮 試局秘書賀勤主持 典禮於本月十四日舉行,並敦請香港考试, 局糍设ㄡ動主持頒授愛帶及獎品儀式。 一開始,並由該校校監黃建國神父,校長張 ,能進入兩間大學就讀者亦相當多。 後由該校校監致詞。及後再由考試局秘書

·除*梨歡迎後,全校冠即肅立唱校歌,繼 7,冠榮修士陪同主被嘉賓進場。在該校鋃樂 是日畢業典禮儀式於下午四時三十分 高級程度會考及格率更高愈百分之九十。 會唔成精及格率超過百份之八十以上,而

·本年度該校學生普遍成績均極優異,

九穠耶鏡波學校八五至八六年度畢業,

,

林主講。但

官立學校非學位教師職公允。 會研究發展組主席趙煩給别入(尤其是上司)一個有效率羣衆疑心日重,使行政者所擬施行 隔開篪使行政者氣鎊,又使有關的 中學校長,中文中學聯常是决定下得快,行李乾淨俐落,

個有了一種互不俗任的隔間,這種 工會會長何似驗及培影一個行政者烕褾事倍快速,通

) 行政者與泉一旦發生了以上 改制前鼾的關係」:由印象,那就是處串可能偏激,不夠 的誤會,後果是嚴重的。因為彼此

敎師會所主辦之每年一

諮詢,以肯定所作的决断正確或不作出正確的判斷爲目的。多數的人 子弟成績優異獎。 該研究大會爲香料、末即使未曾被路跑也不會生氣,但 ,如果覺得决策「深得我心」,那

·還有,諂讃必須以良解事情,

一、「母語教學與行,不理他人死活的一獨鐵者」的程褲獄」多於一 疑行政者的腔調誠意,惋得諮詢過 會共分八項主題,包括大事上不諂夠,就給人一個獵齗璐 學研究大台」,本次大象。那就是處卒不夠梢明。如果在,曾被整詢也會偷憤不平,甚至會懷 如覺得决策[荒謬之至J,那即使 度的「全港敎師兩年就會給人優柔寡斷,猶豫不决的印

福院院長謝志空博士將為,或造成對多人影响的,通常要對:治氣候下,可能需要諮詢的幅度也 同的時候,不同的地方,不同的政

的政策事倍而功半。

好像很有效率,却是最不得人心生,是溝通問題存在的一個指標。 育方面的貢獻,墨再由該校學生代表致答:一長協會主席,支理書院 活用的道理,並稱讚該校作育英才及在教, 的探钴]一:由中學校甚至有時先斬後奏,後一種人雖然·东對自己發生此項混合。與會的產 對先生的致詞中,勉勵學生應多留意活學、二、「我民生被務,: 校長張振國及崇興中學 容易使人反感。 啦緝的行政者不敢忽略諮詢的,阻碍,就是刻不容霰的。 這個指標浮現出來,澄清讲通上的

校長黃錦帶主購

1987中學會考

試題預習專欄

經濟(八)、

飘流文化事排有限公司 MILL & DALE PRESS LTO.

Revision Exercises

forM

Cert.Exam, (1987)

ECONOMICS (B)

Disscuss the economiea of large-scale prodaction and explain why socie small firms still exis忘

Economies of large- scale production can. be achieved when output increases, the average cost of production tenda.

fall over normal. ranges of output. The following are some of the main economica scale enjoyed by large-scale production. Economies in the use. of: tnctors of production G

to The total coats to output increase less than proportionately for a large entput than a smaller one. Since large scale. production may need more labour force, a greater division of labour will most probably be employed Consequently, the average output per man-hour can be expected to rise and qualified specialists can be introduced. In addition, a larger firm will attract more efficient labeur hecouse it can offer its employeen better projecta of promotiun to higlier-paid posts. Greater division of labour also enables e more capitalistic method of production and employment of mere specialized machinery large day gcale of production, enable the economical use of its materials, Zar what might be waste to a small firm can often be used by a large firm in the manufacture of by-products.

b) Economics of

administration

As far as economics

of administration is

concerned, due to

increase in visiona,

of labour, a larger

firm is able to attuid

a more efficient use of labour and better management methodsi

-}· Marketing ‘economics,

It is generally.

the case that a large. firm con hay more cheaply than e. amal] one, for it buye new materials component parta, ete. In bulk.; Hence it enjoys the quantity discount for large purchases. Similarly, a large: retailer can buy directly from the producer at a low price than\that' charged b wholesaler. As for ag advertising, and

promotions ure concerned, a large firm is able to afford a high spend ing on these items than small firm.

d) Economics in finance Large firme

generally are. considered to be afër borrowers, by the banks, thus they can borrow money from banks at a lower rate: of interest.

Economies in reneurch:

Large firms again have advantages over the small, for they can set up their own research departments, have their own Iaboratories and can employ a large number of trained research- workers. I thia wey a large firm is able- to study betterments for the company and innovate products, for the company's growth with the cost being shared among a lurge amount of outputs.

f) Economica in, welfare

* A large firm is financially able to provide long-rung extensive welfare. facilities and improve the working conditions for its employers, Even though large firms can enjoy the advantages through large scale. production the fact that small firms still survive indicates the following reasons:

(1)The aize of the

business tends to be small where. (i) the work involves

the provision of

direct services,

for instance

doctors.

accountants. dentista

ATA

(ii) the work can be

done by craftsmen e.g. in tailoring

(111)a personal service. is provided such as that of the domestic electrician,

(2)Sometimes, many amal

retailers can survive because they have been able to given personal attention to the particular requirements of their own group of customers.

paya

little more for this service.

(3)Small firms are just

right in supplying enough quantities when there is only alimited demand for A commodity in the

market.

(4)In some forms of

production, coats quickly, start:bo rise as production expands, and so the most economicul unit is the small firm, ̈ ̈ ̈ or in other words, the optimum size ot the firm should be son11.

2. What are the different

types of integration? State: the advantage納: and disadvantage "off integration, or There are 3 distingishable types of integration.

Horizontal integration

A horizontalna Integration results from the combination of 2 or more firma... that sell in the sume line of business. Since a horizontal integration combines competitora together, it increases the degree of industrial concentration and. tends to contribute to a reduction of IM competition within an industry.

Vertical integration

A vertical integration results when one of the firas: in the combination supplies the other. with an important service of

intermediate product. The integration of a paper mill with a magazine is such un example. This type of integration, gives a company more. control: over its distribution and purchasing. Even though the firms.

involved are not

direct competitors, a

vertical integration sometimes results considerable réduction: of competition by providing a way for

a firm to hold

substantial control in one market to spread its control to another.

e) Conglomerate integration"

A conglomerate integration results when firms atore in distinct, often unrelated, industriek: combine together. The integration of a steel manufacture and a cigarette company 197 an example. Atxauugh u conglomerate integra- tion is less likely to influence competitive conditions than either. Horizontal or vertical integration, it can, still reduce the scope of competition when the two firms integrated are strong potential competitory or are important customers of each other.

Advantages of Integration NA

Integration can bring about operational efficiency and reduce the cost of production. Thus the customers can benefit by paying a lower price us at result of integration. Excessive competition: can be eliminated through integration and wastage of

valuable resources can be avoided. Alau, when small firms integratë together to: forma

single large firm, the economics of Larges scale production can be obtained More! chance and wider scope for improving quality, standardization nud research.facilities. for products can be realized through: integration of firs Likewise, integrativu may increase

coordination between different stages of production and substantial increuse in output can be achieved... Disadvantages of Integration/

Problems which the original firms are unfamiliar with or difficult to tackle with. Also, since

integration can result

in operatindel efficiency, redundant Tabour will have to be digigged and this can pose Berious problem especially in countries where unemployment is alreadly critical. Even though d integration in general can reduce risks and- uncertainties for production, the organization formed may be too complex and HoGarge to ownmane. Thus, worse, dom aritination instead of better coordination between various stage of production may arise. Combination of. firms likewise can reduce cnmpetition end increase coucentration as well as monopol power Concentration is especially e problem when the industry is very critical to the

country concerned, The decline of collapse of o big firm in such a industry may put a Large 'number of workers out of job and push the related industries into difficulties, A depression or was unemployment may thus result. On the other chend, monopolietin

power can bring harm to the consumers, if

the large firms

decide to charge

bigher prices in order

profits.

物理(八)

·MILL & DALE PRESS LTD.

Revision Exercises

for

Cert. Exam. (1987) PHYSICS (8)

Chanter 3. Gas Taws and:

kinetic theory

3.1 Boyle's Law

As shown in the figure, the relation between the volume and pressure of a constant mass of gas la investi gated

enclosed gas(air). Bourdon

gauge.

to pump

The pressure of the enclosed air is plotted against the volume. Also

the pressure is plotted

against the reciprocs]

the volume-

These two grupus show the pressure is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas.

Thins, Boyle's law

states that'sels:

The pressure of a fixed mose of gas at constant temperature: inversely proportional the volume of the gas.

P

PV constant

3. The pressure, lew

As shown in the figure, the pressure of a fixed mass and fixed volume of gas is investi- gated at different temperatures

Bourdon

gauge

The pressure is then plotted against. temperature and a linear graph is obtained an follows.

-273.16

Temp./c

the origin of the graph is shifted to the left to

273.160, the linear. graph is a straight line passing through the origin. Thus if we assign a new temperature scale called absolute Lempera- ture scale, auch that it reede zero at -273,16°C, then, we will have a straight line graph pass- ing through the origin. Hence, we have the: pressure Fow, which

states that

The

pressure

of a

fixed mass of gas at constant volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the ga

cometopt

3.3. Charles's law

As shown in figure).

the volume of the enclosed.

gua is investigoted st different temperatures.

supported

-by stand.

广新野想让lamp.

enclosed:

stirrer

thermo- meter

The volume is then plotted against the temperature of the gas and linear graph is obtained as shown in tile figure belov. Against, by

shifting the origin to -273,16 C*, we find that the volume is proportional to the absolute tempera-

Volume:

0

-273.16.

Temp./c Hence we have the Charles' law which states that.

The volume of a fixed: Base of gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to ita. absolution temperature,

VLT

constant

gas, equation According to the

above results,

PC1

thus have

PLT/V

e constant.T'

for constant V

constant P

PV/T = constanti

which is called the general gus equation: Thus

| P1V1/T; =P;V ̧/T;