1941-03-06 — Page 12

Thursday,

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

March 6,

1941.

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Thursday, March 6, 1941. Wyndham St Hongkong Telephone: 20615

THE prefix "Special to the Telegraph" is used by the “flangkong Telegraph" to indicate news which is strictly copyright | under the provisions of the Telecommuni- catione Ordinance, 1936, Such news AS bears the indication "Up" is received in

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No

PREPAREDNESS IN H.K.

MR Matsuoka has given Mr Chur- chill a new assurance that Japan has intention of attacking British ferritory, which means that Japan has either abandoned her southward

The Rt. Hon. HUGH DALTON

Minister of Economic Warfare, in an interview with Maurice Webb, answers the question.

CAN

AN we expect positive and decisive resuits from the economic blockade of the enemy before this year is out,?

This is the question I took round to the Ministry of Econo- mic Warfare. I put it, with many supplementaries, before some of the experts there.

Can

Our

Blockade

Fourth Article

RIDDLES OF

1941 Win?

Coal is desperately needed to main-

"This, because they will be their control can be made self- "There is one answer. Transport. driven to other devices by no supporting. "What have you to tn German exports-by rail again Then I marched with my means so satisfactory, will add suy to that?" I asked.

and to feed her expensive 'Ersatz' industries. But conl is a bully thing question along the corridors of to the disorganisation of their

"It might be made so if they to transport. Berkeley Square House to the distributive system,

were left free to develop their

"Road transport, apart from lis room of the man who plans and

"The goods they produce, even synthetic processes, tura the inability to replace bulk transport by directs these mysterious, but those of inferior quality, because transport systems upside down, rull, devours precious petrol and off." massive blockade operations, of the added strain on transport, and given a few years to ac Facts For Germany Hugh Dalton.

will fall to reach the place complish a complete economic where they are wanted.”

revolution. "This all-round interference

2 23 2

By this time our Economic War- tare Chief was in full stride across

"But the time and freedom of the room again. operation they want is just what we are not giving them.

I got him back to his chair und' studied · reflection by this straight query:

"What are the real facts about the

Let me give you at once the with Hitler's war machine will conclusions I formed after hear open up the way to offensive as ing the confident, fact-supported sault in other flekis," I sug-

gested.

"We work in close accord with answers I got from him.

Striding up and down his the RAF. Their bombing plans essential supplies available to Hiller 1. By the end of 1941 the room-with as much vigour as, are directed to the points where in Europe?"

blockade of certain essen- if he were bustling his way we have good reason for think- This was his answer: tial raw materials will seri- across his fav

ing that the

"I don't want to exaggerale Ger- ously affect the quality, ourite Wiltshire

maximum in many's shortages. dustrial and to some extent the Downs the

and

"But pire-war stocks and loot from volume of enemy produc Minister for

transport dis-the occupied territories are being location will fol- used up, and in the area under Ger- tion.

Economie War-

low.

man control there is a natural de- fare indicated

"And so com- Beiency of rubber, oll, cotton, copper, his complete

and certain ferro-alloys-for harden- plicated is this ing steel. agreement with!

artificnl system on which Hitler

2. Long before the end of the year-probably in the sur-

mer-the strain on enemy this proposition.

oil resources will be acute.

"Exactly," he

"The

is

A

3. Before next winter our in-

disturbance of said. creasing Germany's industrial and blockade transport system will have vital and essen caused a grave distribu- tial weapon. If tional crisis.

we just sit back

I submit those conclusions, not

and wait until

we have nc.

ns optimistic prophecies, cumulated but as a considered and realistic onough strength assessment of coming events.

Summing It Up

to take the mili-

Hugh Dalton

tary offensive against Hitler we shall wait in vain.

"We must strike hammer

expansion project, or that the Jonan- given can be published. For blows at the enemy's most vul-

ese Foreign Minister doesn't mean exactly what he says, I would be nice to be able to accept the first alternative, but quite frankly the now and accelerated Japanese mili- tary and naval movements around the South China Waters do not en- courage this.

While Mr Matsuoka is utterine bland assurances, a Japanese spokes- man in Saigon is boasting of the huge quantities of arins and munl- tions which Japan is sending to Thailand; a new Japanese armed funding is made at Pakhoi; Javanese warships are reported to be steaming southwards; more transports with men and munitions are landled ut Blas Day. Perhaps this is merely an

indulgence in "war games" to keen Japan's increasing overscas armies from becoming bored with inactivity. but such an explanation is too com- fortable. The British Government has not sent thousands of Australian and Indian troops to Malaya simply to give Bliem an opportunity of learning how to hack a path through dense jungles or to take a course in tropical botany; wherefore it must be assumed the

de- Government, the British spite Tokyo assurances, is prepared to believe that British territory in the Orient nec o

real threat.

It behoves Hongkonut, and

Not all, the answers I was

obvious reasons much of the background to the blockade must nerable point. That point is the remain secret..

core of his vast but not too securely established production machine.

But in support of the above affirmations about this riddle of

1941, let me give you some of "We have been striking such Mr Dalton's statements to me. blows for months past. We

"I cannet volunteer a definite estimate of the probable results

with

"Iron ore, however, Germany has access to in abundance. She has no relies to utilise inck of bauxite, from which alumini- the general re- um, for aircraft and to replace cop-. sources of Euper in non-vital places, is made. rope that

"Both these cammo:iitles have been of made available by her recent con- destruction

an advantage one point radi- quests, and confer

which should not be under-estim- dates far-reach- aled." ing waves of

our

...

disturbance Key Commodity

right across the Continent."

But what of oil, the key commodity of modern war?

Here I raised the question of Hit- ler's "Ersatz system" to which the When I brought this question up Minister had. referred. "Can you being criticised for aver-optimum on I reminded the Minister that he was explain that more precisely?" I In this score. quired.

He gave one of his high explosive "Well, here is an example, Trans- laughs. port. Is a major weakness for the

Mr Dalton replied. "The state the grounds for my optimian in "I know." he said, "but let me Nazis," natural way Into Germany is from their least sensational aspect. the Western ports. All the transport routes radiate from that region. Ex oil in Continental Europe west of the "Total peacetime consumption of traordinary delays and complications Soviet is something like 25 milion are caused by the attempt to use for tons. Of this Germany and Italy urgent war purposes the reverse route normally used nearly 11 million tons. Trom the Eastern side."

The maximum figure for Europeau

I put to him my first general shall continue to do so query about the prospects of the mounting effect. blockade in 1941. This was his

"Blockade creates the vulner- -reply

I invited Mr Dalton to develop his troduction, including a high en- of synthetic production and able points, bombs attack them. Polat about "all-round pressure.” “Is assuming, all of Rumulu's output of It sufficiently complete for your pur- over six millions is available, only "Bombs, you might say, are 'pose?" I asked. "Are there na nounts to around 11 million tous.

"That leaves a gap of 1 million tons between consumption and pro- "I would not say the pressure was duction, even supposing Germany con complete," he replied. "Some sup- get hold of all existing European sup- piles will always And their way plies. through any blockade, however skli fully devised. But I can say that the leaks are comparatively unimportant. "We are not working in the dark.

various sources of the supplies rench- allowing for the accumulation of vast

and ing enemy

enemy-controlled prewar stocks, tint gap. is too wide territory."

to be comfortable for a nation en- gaged in modern mechanised warfare! "Everything said of the distribu- tion and transport problem in respect of coal can be applied to all-only more so.

of the blockade in a given time the most direct form of econo- loopholes in your net" in ignorance of other factors mic warfare. outside my control. Blockade does not work in a vacuum.

"And the results of this com- biner assault at no very distant "It cannot win the war alone. date will be seen, either in reck- "Blockade is the permanent less attempts by Hitler to force background against which mili- an early issue or in a growing tary action is set. Until we loss of his striking power. know the probable scale of mill- tary operations, it is impossible to predict the extent to which blockade will affect the enemy's war effort."

"Allowing for these other facs tors," I asked, "how far will blockade eventually decido the issue of victory or defent for

Hitler?"

The Minister's answer showed

Ersatz Basis

"You must remember," he went on, "that the whole basis of the Nazi war organisation is artificial, or 'Ersatz.'

I

Oil Gap

"With the most drastic restrictions.

We have a pretty good Iden from on non-military consumption, and

Far East Route

"What about supplies from Russia and the Far East?" was my next

query.

"Rumania's oil used be trans- ported chiefly by sen. Now no oll

his anxiety to set his picture in every part of that organism. the Far East. What is possing than half Rumania's total output. ly is unwieldy Chinction proper perspective: to

shake itself into state of preparedness. Yesterday the "Tele- #raph"

that the leaders of the Chinese community put their

Suggested hends together in an

an ericavour to evolve a scherne for the evacuation, ns soon as possible, of a goodly por- tion of the Colony's excess.populn- Lan; alternatively to give the fullest support to any such plan proposed by Government:

prets

During last week-end it was an nounced that the authorities aimed | nt settling several thousands of

Chinese from

Hongkong's congested Lantau Island and Port on Sheller, and, it regarded only as a defence

this has

much to Every on

encouragement is by the authorities to those to take advantage of th scheme, but Chinese reaction has not yet manifested itself.

Chinese

community Icailors

are

to

the

prezent-

ed with a fine opportunity of pric-

tical assistance. by

appealing.

through public speeches and th

n

The Real Key

"They have built up a huge "I suppose you have in mind the can reach Hitler By sea, and while but complicatel organism which per vadivostok problem," the Minis- we control the Eastern Mediterrane

fer retorted. "Well, you need not in. Germany must depend on con- is highly brittle. Weakness or worry much on that score. There gested rail and river dislocation at any one point in are vast transport problems to be Rumania.

transport from evitably retards the operation of faced before goods in any quantily

can get through from that area of ally be able to transport much more

"I do not think Germany will actu

"And a breakdown, with seri- through is a mere trickle. And we

"And don't forget we are bombing keep a sharp eye even on that tric- synthetic oil plants, refineries and "We do not underestimate ous effects on Germany's, mill- kie

vital rall centres incessantly. Germany's superior war pre- tary strength, is a far from re- paredness, nor discount her vast mole consequence of the all- uf cotton passing by this route is "must confess that the amount accumulated stocks of war ma- round pressure we are steadily one of our present problems, and will terial.

exerting."

be dealt with."

"There I think you have the real

1 "Transport problems," I suggested, key in your riddle of 1041. "seem to be altogether a majo: be positive-very apparently positive.

"Our economic assault is certain to- source of Naz! hendnches?"

"I think decisive is too big a word "My own view is," said Mr few points,

Quite right. They are all part of for 1941. But blockade will prove at Dalton. "that we should expect These amounted to this ques- the distributional crisis' I spoke of least ns decisive ns It did in the Inst a long rather than a short war. tion: "How hus the blockade carller; Long before the war Ger. war." It would be unwise to prophesy been affected by the enemy's many's railways were feeling the that we shall assume complete victories in the summer?" command or bring German pro- duction to a standstill in 1941.

Here the Minister resumed his

Unwise To Prophesy seat and allowed me to make a

"But I can say this, Blockade will seriously affect the quality

vital conalderation."

Using Up The Loot "Hitler's problems of organi-

My final question strain of the unnatural burden to

to Mr Dalton was to confront him with the con- which they were subjected.

elusions enumerated at the beginning. "This burden Is now intensified of this article. "Would you say they tenfold. Just think of the pre-war were for wrong?" I asked. volume of imports by sen to Ger- He replied: "You are in danger of"

alone to say nothing of the being classed with me as an optim

ist, but I think your conclusions are near the mark.”

"O that volume a great deal. Is

blockade, but all the rest is thrown on to the railways of Europe.

"Germany may steal rolling stock

the urgency of the precognising of German war production, and Batlon, supply and administra- occupied territorles.

will also substantially interfere tion have been vastly extended with its distribution in itself and complicated by his military cut off, without redress; by our sea

conquests," was the reply.

"He obtained much loot, which the Chinese press, for

́I asked for an illustration of is quickly being used up. When from her victims, cut down passenger quick and willing response. The

scheme

may not be ideal, but it possesses, advan

this possibility.

it has gone he has millions more services to 30 per cent. pre-war ser- tageous features, and at the can be 'described as a bold

"Well, here is an example," consumers to support. partly

was the reply. "By cutting off solving very pressing

"They want what Germany problem. Lack of support for it can supplies of nickel and other wants--rubber, oil, textiles, cop-.. only.be, Justifled by suggesting ihn steel-hardening alloys, as we are Tel. 21279 alternative.. The big point Tel. 29323 Chinese Community must remember doing very effectively, the quali, per, tin and fats.

Is that something has to be done inty of the Nazis' guns, tanks and

other wenpona will suffer.

THE STEAM LAUNDRY CO.

Head Office & Works 57032- Gloucester Bldg., 2nd Flr., Tol," 20988). "Hong Kong Depot, -Kowloon Depot, :-- Tel.-88548 - Peak-Depot

of:

the matter.

a

viers or less, but the problem. ro- maini, and we expect to sco some in- teresting results in this field in 1941. xample, the distribution of coal, for example, paper Germany. hna plenty of conl: And yet recent-ovi- nut in a reminder of the dence shows that in many places the Nazi boast that Europe 'under situation is serious.

TO-MORROW

W. N. EWER. will write on the posi tion of Europe's re- maining neutrals and may happen to them in the coming year.