Thursday,
HONGKONG TELEGRAPH
DONALD DUCK
YOU BARGED RIGHT THROUGH AHEAD OF
ME DON'T YOU KNOW A GENTLEMAN
LETS A LADY GO FIRST ?
OKAY OKAY !
A DOOR MADAME ! PRECEDE
ME!
WELL,
THAT'S
MORE
LIKE
THUD
March 6, 1941.
By Walt Disney
Elbours; Simprenta Cerny
HAVE YOU TRIED OUR AUSTRALIAN CHICKEN & HAM
SAUSAGE
Now 30. per lb.
80o.
(approx. 1 lb. each)
LANE, CRAWFORD, Ltd.
GRIN AND BEAR IT
ENGLISH SPOKE
0-37
[THURISTS!
| [SEED=E}
ESPANOL CURIO
SHOPPE
By Lichty NEW SYNTHETIC
RUBBER IS MADE
FROM
"Hereafter, I wish you'd let the Government take care of our Pan-American trade relations!"
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41-Colonial leader
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Count the "TELEGRAPHS"
everywhere
37
In full detail a new triumph of chemistry ---production of a syn- thetic rubber directly and easily from petro- leum was described before the American Chemical Society by chemists of the Stan- dard Oil Development Company recently.
The discovery of butyl rubber has been a closely guarded secret. Now Dr Per K. Frolich, director of the chemical division of the Esso Labora- tories, declares "butyl rubber can be manu- 'factured in any re- quired quantities as rapidly as the neces- sary plant facilities can be installed."
Six Kinds His was the first technical report of the new product, believed capable of sharing in the work to make América independent of natural rubber. For ten years the research has gone on. There are now half a dozen types of synthetic rubber all superior in specialised ways to nature's rubber-
Thiokol, the product of Dow Chemical Company's labora- tories; Neopreme by du Pont; Firestone's developments with Buna; Goodrich's Ameripol and Koro- seal; Goodyear's Chemigum; and now Standard Oil's butyl rubber.
Dr Frolich said for two years tests had been conducted to evaluate butyl rubber for specialised de- fence purposes. These tests will continue.
At present butyl rubber is produced from petro- leum in a semi-commercial 'pilot plant using far more direct and simple pro- cesses than those required for production of other
New Shipment of Children's Wear
Wear and
Bairn's Wear
PETROLEUM Glenroyal'
kinds of synthetic rubber said Dr Frolich.
It was because petro- leum and rubber are built
of the up
same. two chemical elements, carbon and hydrogen, that the Standard Oil Development Company became interest- cd in synthetic rubber possibilities.
"It would seem," Dr Frolich pointed out, "that the petroleum industry with its abundant supply
sation, is also the greatest shortcoming of rubber, for the reason that there is too much of it.
"Rubber is so highly un- saturated that it remains up- stable and chemically reactive even after it has been com- bined with the small amount of sulphur normally required in the vulcanisation process." If we try to use enough sul- phur to overcome this, we obtain hard rubber or ebonite -obviously not the answer for producing clastic and pli- able rubber goods."
of low cost hydrocarbons Important Material
is in the best possible posi- tion to supply our needs of synthetic rubber.
"Because of the do- minating importance of the automobile tyre field as an outlet, tests were first undertaken on 2 small scale to answer the question of whether or not butyl rubber had any possibilities in this direc- tion.
ידי.
"Then when the future supply of natural rubber became a matter of na- tional concern, Standard Oil was requested by the Army and Navy Munitions Board to co-operate with one or more rubber com-
panies to the end that the suitability of butyl rubber for tyres could be deter- mined at the earliest pos- sible moment. Such a pro- gramme is still in pro- gress.
21
Characteristics
Distinctive characteris- tics of the new synthetic include greater ability to stretch than natural rub- ber; remarkable stability and durability; freedom odour; lack of colour; from impurity; taste and good age, tear and abra- sion, resistance; amazing resistance to mineral acids and unusual electrical pro- perties.
Dr Frolich showed by means of motion picture film the difference between natural rubber and syn- thetic rubber. Nature's rubber is made up of ex- molecules in which the tremely long, chainlike
atoms
aro so arranged that a product is obtained with a high degree of elasticity. Rubber, how- ever, does not have much mechanical strength until it has been vulcanised.
"The reason why rubber has become one of our most valuable structural materials can be at-
tributed to two of its molecular characteristics -elasticity and unsatura- tion," Dr Frolich explain- chemical'unsaturation, ed. "However, this 'very
which is so essential from the standpoint of vulcani-
Just as a spare tyre loses more and more of its poten- tial road mileage as it grows older, so all of our many rub- ber household articles, includ- ing rubber-insulated electric wiring, gradually deteriorate until they have to be replaced. Butyl rubber is characterised by remarkable stability and durability which for many purposes make it superior to natural rubber and to other synthetics. By varying the composition of the raw ma- terials employed it is possible to obtain products that differ considerably in their detailed properties.
"Originally the goal of chemistry was to synthesist a product that would equal na- tural rubber in those proper- ties which have contributed to make it one of the most im- portant structural materials,' Dr Frolich said.
The more recent trend, how- ever, is to synthesise materials closely resembling Nature's product in
respects, while at the same time sur- passing it in others.
some
Since, like natural rubber, it is a hydrocarbon, butyl rüb ber definitely does not belong to the class of synthetics that are resistant to softening in petroleum 30lvents. Paradoxi- cally, however, it is more re- sistant to such simple aroma- ties as benzol and toluol than even the synthetic rubbers now employed in gasoline- dispensing hose. It is more
resistant than natural rubber to many oxygenated com- pounds and to certain other solvents such as ethylene dichloride.
Easily Moulded
The new rubber is readily moulded even into articles of intricate design, and its good tear resistance is an aid in removing such products from the hot mould. Its wear re- sistance may be made compar- able to natural rubber; and it is also more resistant to con- tinued flexing both hot and cold. Indeed it will flex with- out cracking at a much lower temperature than any other rubber, natural or synthetic.
Hot concentrated nitric acid, for example, has no visible effect on the new rubber dur- ing a time interval which is aufcient to make a similar sample of natural rubber dis- appear completely.
Concerning the mothods of manufacture, Dr Frolich had little to say, and concerning future manufacturing plans he replied that these will be somewhat dependent upon tests still in progress. National defence considerations are at the bottom of this and they will govern to some extent all evaluation of the now rubbor for commercial uses.
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