1940-10-25 — Page 3

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MAGAZINE PAGE.

The Fifth Column

4 How Germany Bought Friends

By Col. William J. Donovan and Edgar Mowrer Since we must ascribe a huge share in Adolf Hitler's incomparable military successes to his use of Germans and "fifth columnists" in victim countries, the question arises: How

·was such a success possible?

How are Ger-

mans abroad brought to such self-sacrificing enthusiasm for the Nazi regime? How above. all can foreigners living under relatively mild and civilised governments be induced volun- tarily to betray their own countries for Hitler's Germany? It seems mysterious.

The answer is £40,000,- 000 spent annually on or- ganisation and propa- ganda abroad. The im- mensity of this sum is the secret. Nazi Germany is not a government - not even a "folkdom" of the sort Nazi orators talk about. Nazi Germany is a conspiracy. Its scope is universal and its aim world domination. Its primary agents are as many of the millions of Germans in Germany, and abroad, as can be induced or compelled to serve the "German Fatherland-

Its activities begin with at- tempted proselyting of Ger- mans abroad, go on to the murder and kidnapping of real or fancied enemies, and end in armed insurrection against the foreign country Hitler wishes to conquer or absorb. Such insurrections of Ger- mans actually occurred in Czechoslovakia, Austria, and Holland. But for the firm attitude of the United States such an insurrection would, many students believe, have occurred in Brazil.

That the Germans abroad are usually "naturalized" into Homething else is

no hin- drance. Pre- war Imperial Germany sanctioned the "double nationality status"---. Germans could, that is, bc- come French or American or Portuguese without losing their German nationality. The Weimar Republic did not alter this strange conception and Nazi Germany has made it the centre of its "Trojan Horse" tactics of placing Ger. mans within the enemy walls.

It is safe to say that a very fair proportion of the non- refugee Germans who have become American since Hitler came to power did so with the secret intention of turning free and democratic Amorică into "their"that is. Hitler's --America.

Children of Germans natur-. alized half a century ago are still counted German by Ber- lin and every effort is made to convince them of the fact. Naturally, the Nazis accept traitors as allies wherover they can find them, and wel- come the assistant of non- Nordics.

But peoples racially akin to Går mans-Scandinavians, Dutch, Flemings, German- sponking Swiss, oven Anglo- Saxons are made the object of special proselyting as be- longing to the "same blood." These form the, material with

which the Nazi world con- spiracy chiefly attempts to work.

The centre is the Nazi party. The tool is the Aus- lands-Organisation (or "or-

ganisation abroad") of this party. To-day this organisa- tion of Germans abroad has nearly 4,000,000 members, all of whom are conscious agents. Over 600 local groups or "sup- porting points" are organised in 45 or more "landesgruppen" -one in cach country,

in

The headquarters is Stuttgart, but all the groups are directed by a single man in Berlin, Gauleiter Ernst Wilhelm Boble, with some 800 assistants. Technically Boble is a "state secretary" in the -German-foreign-office.-

Where the local branches dare not appear under their true colours, they take fancy names-in Rumasin the "Iron Guard," Switzerland "True Confederates," in the United States "Amerika- deutscher Volksbund."

in

But everywhere. whether the members are Germans, naturalized Germans

ans or non-Germans, the aim is the same, to achieve itler's end by trickery or terror; the organis- Ing principle is the same, with SA and Hiller Youth and Hitler sport, marching, emblems, ruthless dis- of cipline, ceremonies in honour

birthday Naz! heroes or Hitler's parties; and in case of war they would all be on Germany's side.

In time peace they make luts of Hiller's enemies, who are mark- ed down for murder or kidnapping to Germany and torture when the Hrent day comes.

The

Organised Germans abroad are publicly told to "obey the laws of but at the their guest-country" same time urged to "convince every outsider of the necessity of the Germany's

Nazl victory." Party Auslands-Organisation is by no means the only entity that works for ililer outside Germany.

There are in fact no less than seven others. The political police or Gestapo, the Pro

Propaganda Minis- try of Dr. Paul Goebbels, the Ger- man Labour Front, the intelligence services of the Germany Army, of German Navy and of the Ger- man air arm, and finally the Ger- man Foreign Once with its em- bassles and consulates all over the world.

The

Together these eight organisa- tions spend on propagando, espion- ago and Babotage roughly about

£40,000,000 a year. It

seems a

lot of money but Hitler has pu- blicly expressed his intention of keeping this service at full blast even if it means fewers infantry divisions in the army,

When one considers that this combined service, with its 30,000 employees can pro- bably claim credit for the ense of Hitler's many victories, it Is obvious that the same re- sult could hardly be obtained so cheaply in any other way: The German foreign offee thus has two irons in the fire abroad. One is the millions of Germans in Bohle's Auslands-Organisation; the other.

German diplomats abroad.

By hoticing that on the whole the Germon government has four or five times as many "accredited"

the

WITH A BRITISH FIGHTER SQUADRON

Fighter Squadrons of the Royal Air Force are constantly on watch and ready to-take-off- at a moment's notice to intercept onemy' raiders.

1.

Pilots, already wearing their pneumatic life-belts as a precaution against descent in the sea, playing shove ha'penny and darts, while standing by for an urgent call.

2. As soon as a machine returns to its base the machine guns are re-loaded with, am-

munition in readiness for the next call.

3.

Hurricane fighters flying in formation.

4.

Hurricane fighters being re-fuelled immediately on return to their base so that all aircraft are at once ready when again required."

diplomats and consular agents in cach post as any other country, one can perhaps guess the type of ac tivity of four-fifths of them.

The

but they also source can meet, watch over

pro- German radio grains.

Special attention is given to win- ning over possible Nazi friends on the local press and combating or bring into disrepute newspapers that oppose Hit- and periodicals ler..

Often they publlely mix in the policy of the countries to which they are accredited. Thus the fam

Weldemann, general Captain consul in San Francisco, was pub-

The German Gestupo of Heinrich licly congratulated by order of the Fuehrer in Berlin for his work in Himmler, whose ruthless efficiency.

American Senate

surpasses even the Russian Ogpu, preventing from accepting Roosevelt's modified

employs only about 5000 agents neutrality legislation

One of its special tasks is In

abroad. July, 1939.

German refugee The intelligence services of the

watching over

to German army, navy and air an

emigrants, but it does not scorn are not much different from those

cast an eye even on Nazis in good in other countries, with the posni-

standing, some of whom have been German ble exception that the

known to speak slightingly of the In the Prinz

passing Army maintains,

Fuchrer or to express a Friedrich Karl Strasse in Berlin, a

wish for greater personal freedom. "psychological laboratory."

Therefore 070 or more agents The heads are (or were) Colonel

can be found in every German Von Voss and Obernegie rectia Consulate or Embassy go to fo

secret section Max Simoneit, A

angler can manage locate "International bears

the. titlo

uthers in the larger German com

such 05 B) y." Here are trained not mercial enterprises, suc

ship- Psychology.*

companies agencies... only the military aples but the

ping oil

or Gestapo and party agents especial-

In addition to ly designated for service abroad.

already inentioned, there exists a colonial political department head ed by General Franz Ritter von Epp, Hitler's special friend, which carries on a lively pro-Nazi pro

German paganda in the former colonies and among Germans in colonies, of

countries.

•

"

Members of the German la- bour Front who go abrond to work have the duty of report- ing anything of interest they may ace or learn in foreign factories or ships, shops; other places.

Furthermore since 1930 there

"interna exists in Hamburg an tion central office," where Germans and Italians work together against in. de- trade unions, particularly mocratic countries and support any movement against organised la-

bour,

Particularly important, notably in countries like. the third French Ro-. public, is the work of the press at- tacles in the German Embassies and consulates. Not only do they sea, that the 1,700 German language newspapers outside Germany (to tal elreutation 3,000,000) are sup- plied with Interesting material of all sorts at the price no other

A

Bomo

other Although there is doubt, presumably it is the Gestapo that picks out special agents for particular jobs In countries that happen at a particular moment to interest the Nazis, most. .. Rumour speaks of a high-class German technician who managed to find a relatively insignificant job in an American 'broadcast- ing company, Broadcasting plays a great role in German apy life.

There is no claim that this dea- cription of the German propaganda

service is complete. Conceivably

even there

more exist other interesting services. But this much should nake il clear why

Adolf Hitler has been so success- ful in utilizing Germans abroad und creating fifth columns among his enemies.

Thanks to the pains taken and the money spent, Hitler has in near- ly every country been able to do considerably in breaking down the murale and national

anlisting traitors.

One particularly good dodge in most places is the creation of two Nazi

organizations, and of which acts in strictly legal way. Another (until it was found out) was the use of German servant girls.

Dutch employers of particular- ly "dumb" German cook were surprised to hear her conversing in the kitchen with a perfect stranger in, fluent Oxford English. She was dismissed-and took with her the more important family papers..

German exchange students, care- fully

schooled in caplonage and propaganda, coliccted no end of information in Switzerland,

Strength-through-joy

mopped

tourists Poland for the carefully

It must always be Reichswehr. remembered that no German receives police permission to leave the Reich, regardless of the motives, until he or she promises to report everything seen and heard abroad.. Each must declare his address to the nearest Nazi oficial and keep In touch with him so far as circumstances permit,

•

In the United States an organization of Nazis is being trained in arms. As matters now stand, it is conceivable that the United States родневвед the finest Nazi- schooled fifth column in the world, one which in case of war with Germany could be our undoing.

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