PAGE
4.
-HONGKONG TELEGRAPH
Tuesday, MAY 14, 1940.
WHY THE NAZIS INVADED THE LOWLANDS MORE NEW
*
GERMANY'S attack on France in 1914 was based
on what was called the Schlieffen plan, which dominated German military thought at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century.
That the plan failed was probably due more than anything else to the fact that it had been mo- dified in 1913 by von Kluck.
The original plan called for simultaneous in- vasion of Holland and Belgium. Von Kluck failed to invade Holland..
NAZI strategy is based upon a still further modifica tion of the Schlieffen plan.
This plan was revealed to the world in 1933 by an in- discreet publication, "Raum Und Volk Im Welktricge", by Professor Ewald Banac, Nazi professor of military science at Brunswick Technical College,
A copy of the book came into the hands of Messrs. Lo- vat Dickson Ltd., the well-known English publishing firm. They decided to publish an English translation under the title of "Germany Prepares for War."
Desperate efforts were made by the Nazi Government. to prevent publication in England and the British Foreign Of- fice was even asked to intercedo.
Mossrs. Lovat Dickson Ltd, were actually threatened by Nazi agents if publication was proceeded with.
In the light of the Nazi invasion last week-end of Hol- land and Belgium, readers will see why the Nazis were so des- perately anxious that their plan, so thoughtlessly broadcast by Bante, should be suppressed.
Below the "Telegraph" commences a series of pertinent extracts from Professor Banse's book.
The opinions expressed in thene nrlicles are, of course, the opinions of Professor Banse and the Nazi High
Command.
Ilistorically and culturally,
we Germans have reached a turning point in our destiny.
The day of comfort and make-believe and paper and huzzaing and dunderheaded- ness is over, and the day of -discomfort and hurd thinking and grim resolve and cold steel has begun.
+
A grim, iron age lies before us. We cannot go on dream- ing and building pretty castles in the air; we have to harden. our hearts and make the idea of the nation the pivot on which all our thinking turps,
National sentiment, which does. not necessarily demand a royal. house to which to attach itself but can flourish in a republie too. means self-respect; international aertliment means self-abandon- ment.
The first is healthy egotism, the second is a throwing-up of the sponge, a degeneration-of-the LÍBAUCA.
The Internationalist is a bastard in blood and a eunuch in intellect. Man's greatest works always spring from the national soil, oven when they are not actually directed to national ends. Sword Versus The Pen
The sword will como into its own again, and the pen, after 14 years of exaggerated prestige, will be put in its place:
The sword has lain rusting In the corner for 14 years in the Ger- man countries, while the pen has had the stage to self; and as a resuli ve have gone to the dogs.
is Certainly the pen good, but the word is good too and often far better, and we want both to be equally honoured among the Ger- mian people.
A man can only protect. kmself against assault with the sword; if he tried to do it with the pen he would make himself ridiculous and get the worst of it!
That is exactly what has been happening to Germony and Aust tria, and Danzig too, for 14 years.
The pen is good and the sword la good. But the sword is the older wospon, and it is the final,
0140 the ultimately decisive therefore: It, should have, first place.
Wo are on the threshold of an iron age. For us, it slands under the sign of the Third Reich
+
It is the mission of the Third Rech-to-free-us from all the chains we are still dragging about with us from foudol and medieval times; to set up the rule of the best men in the nation, once more to salto all the German-speaking pooples of Central Europe one flag: to restore to the most spiritually creative and profound, people on earth that inward leadership for which the world' will one day cry aloud in horror at Anglo-Saxon mechanisation and Rustian universal destruction.
THIS photograph is of particular interest to meanwhile they are traders and day. It shows German troops in the Streets of pacifists. Liege in 1914.
THE MAN WHO
TAUGHT
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Swarbrücken
Line of French fortifications since the 1890's. Deployment, evolution and right flank of the German right wing
according to the original Schlieffers plan.
Diluted Schlieffen plan and German advance la August 1914. German armies.
French deployment and advance in August 1914.
French armies.
The Dikith array.
The Belgian army.
Furthest point reached by the Germans. Battle of the Marne.
already inside the cy, in midat
Blood And Iron
our
Mighty empires are not founded by treachery, decalt or huckster- of the Ing; they only grow out clash or swords.
The Third Reich, as we dream of it from the Flanders coast to the Raab, from Memel to the Etach (Adige) and the Rhone can also only be born in blood and iron.
Idoan and works and armies must march and fight and die before the vast and splendid siructure of the Third Reich can ries from the ground of the west- en world.
Idobe and work and military ser- vice must go hand in hand in future, it culture is to survive, industry to flourish, and the state to maintain Itzeit These three are Henceforth Inseparable,
England having given the world war a character that no previous war had possessed, that of a mill- tary plus economic war, in future the pen, the hammer, the scythe. and the sword have all to be mobilised if a war is to be waged: with any chance of success,
Henceforth war is a contest, not
· between ormies" or even nations, but between countries, "philoso phies and economic-systems. ・・
The coming war, this great war that, will decide the fate of the These lines was during the inter-German, people, will ultimately
put deep down In ihs: 'be fought souls of belligerent nations. MOTHE Is the starting point of human thought, human action and
From It
and human events/| "szalonë radiate thare forces which
We want an empire in which we can orice moro profesi ''ond'' call ourselves Germans, without fear, of being sat upon, as the writer of
@regnum.
We believe that the creator of this, empire is already on the more--that he is already knock- ips: at the door—say, that bo
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control brain and hand, achieve- ment and failure, courage und cowardice.
The Invasion Of Holland
The Kingdom of the Netherlands is part of German soil and of the German
has been people, but separated
from bath politically Bince 1646.
Its territory forms the natural north-western boundary of Ger- mony. Its soli consists partly of. the flat delta of the Rhine, parily of the debris of northern friland gia-
muddy sca cièrs and partly of bottom wrested from the ocean by means of.
The population is a mixture of 2-* Lower Frankish, Frisian and Lower Saxon race, which have retained
Holland In The
Last War-
The country is quite unable to prévide its own wheat, and could not create a munitions industry; on the other hand, it produces a sur- plus of butter and milk. For technical reasons, it hardly
could
support even a short wand was
In the
the world
War
at great pains to preserve its neutrality and succeeded in doing so, thanks to the restraint exer eled by Germany and Great Bri-
can thus be turned into water by pol inundation.
The natural lines of defence to- wards the east are the moraine hills south of the Zuyder Zee, which is now. In course of being drained, and the rivers Issel and the Lower Vecht, tributaries of Rhine, which run parallel to the hills. The Vecht is part of the in- undation area and is protected by ກ number of fortresses grouped around Utrecht.
case,
To the south the Rivers Lech, Waal
natural and Meuse form sectors of some strength. In any however, the Netherland army is compelled to sacrifice cen- siderable territory in order to held. the main orca, which contains the bulk of the population, nearly all the large towns and the centres of economie-lig
A
Guess
That Missed
a
The national character being
and unwarlike, easy-going strong bosille attack should not encounter any very stubborn re-
the sistance, and
government would probably be content to register a formal protest, unless it received immediate and power- mome ful reinforcements from foreign country.
The Dutch coast appears most open to invasion in the province of Islands of Zeeland, a group carved out of the marshes by storm tides, which can easily be approached from the sea, while it is threatened from the shore side by the proximity of the Belgian frontier and the fortress of Ant werp. The coasts of northern and southern Holland-the main part well protected of the country-are by an unbroken wall of dune, while the shores of the Zuyder Zee and of the waters behind the islands of West Friala are comparatively Inaccessible by reason of shallows.
The character of the Nether- landers is not uniform, for there is no Netherland people and no Netherland race. The north is in- middle habited by Frisinas, the cast by Lower, Saxons, the south by Lower Franks, and the west by Hollanders, who are a mixture of Lower Franks and Frisians.
The principal element is made up of these Hollanders and, from the 'military point of view, it is their character which is primarily im portant.
their easy proāts.
The Hollanders have grown fat the old Low German as their writ-on-their-trade-and.fearful of losing. ten language, Instead of the official Saxon and Lutheran German.
There i absolutely nothing abbut the country. dx-German
French, and later Eng-`
...
in
of
They are traders first and last, whether in murshland cattle, bulbs, colonial imports or the products of the Java plantations.
They pursue these activities with view to securing the maximum proft and a comfortable existence. their goat; Riches and east are they are therefore Umid and hate. anyone who threatens to rob them of their prize. They are afraid of losing their
colonial splendid' possessions in the East, which are much too large for them and quite beyond their powers to develop fully
On the outbreak of war a par- ticularly vulnerable spot was the point of the Meuse projecting 10- wards Liege und Aix-la-Chapelle, which squeezed the German right Blank between the Dutch fronter and the Venn Hills and. necessitated an attack on the Belgian fortress
Liege.
of
This Meuse projection there- with gave proof of its essential im portance in effectively protecting Belgium and even France against German forces.
While the Germans were desir- ous of respecting Dutch neutrality all circumstance, it was in
of
Great danger
violation by Britain.
In the summer of 1017, when England was hard pressed by un- restricted submarine warfare, it teoked for a long time as if the British intended to land troops on the island of Walcheren or on the neighbouring coast of Dutch Flan- ders and thence to destroy the base of our submarines operating in the Channel and, if possible, in con- cert with the fierce western offen- sive of that time, to outflank the of the German army right wing in Belgium.
The British could have landed 15.000 men in 12 hours and, from Walcheren or from the mainland, could have destroyed our sub- base at Zeebrugge, with marine long range guns.
In case the Netherlands should this remain pasalve in fate of breach of their neutrality by Great Britain, we had provided two in- fantry divisions and one cavalry division, known ng the
"Ghent Group" to deal with this danger, If, on the other hand, Holland joined the Allies, in order perhaps to save her colonial empire, which depends on
English goodwill, the Ghent Group was to be reinforced by two army groups from the the East, which were to Invade
from both banks of Netherlands
Meuse.
the
A British Invasion did not materialise. Had it done so, it evident that Germany would have been, bound to do everything she could to prevent the British from setting foot in the south west corner of Holland, since this would have compelled the early with 'drawal of our right flaŋk.
The English must have regretted that they wereʻnal strong enough for this enterprise," the "more 50 when they remembered their secu pation of the island of Walcheren and
Beveland in 1800,. South undertaken in an attempt, which Incidentally failed to threaten -- Antwerp, at that lime in French honds.....
1066 And All That
(thi
Referring to the question of a German landing in England, men- tion may be made of the coast of Holland as are important base for such an attack. “
This coast threatens the Engllah seaboard from Hull to the Thames, and troops can be carried across in a very short time.
MINISTERS
Malcolm MacDonald As Minister For Health
LONDON, May 18 (Router). The following additional appoint- ments have been announced:
B. I. S. Amery to be Secretary for India;
Mr. Malcolm MacDonald to Minister for Ficalth:
be
Mr. Ernest Bevin to be Minister for Labour and National Service;
Lord Woolton to retain his post as Minhaler of Food,
Bovin'
Influenco
LONDON, May 19 (Reutory Chief interest in to-night's minis- terial appointments centres in that of Mr. Ernest Dovin, who is an Influential member of the Council of the Trade Union Congress.
As Minister of Labour and National Service, hla work will be closely re- lated to the important question of supply, of which Ministry his Labour colleague, Dr. Herbert, Morrison, is head.
This will be a strong combination "Reuters" and should go far, says lobby correspondent, to co-ordinate the supply efforts of branches.
Mr. Malcolm MacDonald's appoint- ment as Minister of Health is clearly
a
mark of the Prime Minister'a recomition of the valuable work Mr. MacDonald has done in his earlier ministerial appointments. He has long been marked out for the control of one of the principal departments and his appointment will be extreme. ly popular.
Navy In Action Off Holland
KIST
SUN
CANNED
FRUITS
and a VEGETABLES
Insist on Sunkist
LONDON, May 13, (British Wire- less) An Admiralty communique
Solo Distributors states: "Since the German invasion of Holland and Belglum, strong naval
W. R. LOXLEY forces have been operating tinuously off the coast of these two & Co. (CHINA) LTD. countries in spite of repeated bomb- ing attacks having been-'made on them.
com.
beaches have been bombarded.". "Ailled operations on land have "Refugees have been evacuated been supported. Enemy troops land- from the war area and brought to ing from the air on aerodromes and this country."
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"lum had brought enough blame poa, tipaxi""our" beads" and " for 1: that: 9: "reason" hesliated to violato Hof-
land's neutrality,
gulf between German this population and its German par- ent, and cause it to live in dread of losing the scanty, measure of political Independence which if
through the grace enjoys France and Kozlazıd.
The Netherlands are flat plains,
of comfort except for a number of small moralne deposita ́extending north- castwards from Utrecht and their They are not likely to be the Why was this not dede the last
herocity were in 1000, Littlwart What did wa gala by re-, in heather clad Land-duner fung
their peace and comfort are at from north to south. The western,
põling Dutch pentiality?}}/ part of the plain from Helder to stake and a foreign "enemy. "fa" It would
ld appear that we com
CITOTU milled a "paychological Zeeland, is lowy-lying marsh-land,threatening to take from them
it what they hold -dearest: In the ~~~We rets that the march into Bel- altuated below sta-laval
But the indignation of the world: would have been no greater, while redped mb- Germany would have
The crossing from Flushing tostantial advantages Margate takes five hours, from the Hoold to Harwich seven hours, from Helder to Great Yarmouth the same timeherefore be
Troops can
quarter.
ed on
Among those would have been the avoidance of the losses in front of Liege, a more rapid advance of the right flank, the immediate "occupation of the central part of
considered, without any specist Holland between Utrecht,”Amster-
dam and Rotterdam.
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The Yeer dykes 'might' never have been opened, and our right wing would have forced fis way' through the Charinel porta.skep. Lastly, Beltain would havI bord in serious danger of 'favas el alon from both Holland and...... keep far more troops at home! Delzlum and would have had to Instead of sending them to
Western Fronthem the
We are forced to the conclusion the military problem of the Netherlands was obviously not thoroughly thought out either be or during the last War.
argument that we were sort of men and stipe will not hold, for large forces were expand- overwhelming the Belgian armyed on less essential undertaking
while thousands, of ships....lay jidis., In our ports:
Antwerp. would have fallen sooner; the invasion of Belalian would have proved far more
would probably have, beton, cap-
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