1940-01-15 — Page 14

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WHAT NOW IN

GERMANY?

Į HARPLY, dramatically, the attempt to assassinate Hitler throws light upon the conflict within Ger-

the shipping of the world. Í many which, up till now, ins

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the Reich along the path to destruction that Kalserism made it trend.

+

upon one of the conflicts.

effect of this attempt at assurshta tion? Almost certainly to in- crease the popularity of Hitler among the mass of the German people.

ΣΕ may seem illogical, but it is nevertheless historically true that the escape of a ruler from assa- sination usually produces a tem porary wave of mass emotionalism and popular veneration.

What will bo the immediate

That w!!! almost certainly happen on this occasion. It will be the business of the Nazi pro- paganda machine to whip that re- action to a frenzy of devotion in which the discontent and anxiety felt by millions of ordinary der- mans at finding themselves ni war with Britain and France will be submerged in a wave of hiero- worship for the leader miracu-

lously saved from danger by God. suggested explosion in the

It has, indeed, been that the bumb Munich beer cellar was arranged for just this purpose that it is a variant of

Reichstag Bre technique designed to re-kindle the waning devotion of the der-

the

man people for the Fuehrer.

That I doubt. The risk, it seems to me, was too great-though it is a remarkable coincidence that Herr Hitler should have chosen this one occasion to curtall the length of his usual stay at this beer-cellar celebration of the beginnings of National Socialism.

But it seems more probable that this

was a genuine attempt at assassination. And one coming from well within the select circle of the Nazl Old Guard.

History is repeating itself with instructive precision. At the beginning of February, 1917, Imperial Germany announced that she would, in a war zone round Britain, destroy shipping under any and every flag with out regard to human safety. A fortnight later, by Order in Council, the British Government provided that a vessel sailing to or from a neutral port giving access to enemy territory must submit to Allied examination or be held to carry goods liable to Without the formality capture. of announcement, Hitler's Gor- many has engaged upon the un- restricted piracy of 1917. The same consequences

follow. Resort to mines for the advertised intensification

of attack on merchant shipping is a confession that the submarine campaign has not gone accord- ing to

plan.

Unannounced mining of the merchant routes was tried spasmodically in the last war, and from time to time

It is that particularly which caused heavy loss. There are

must be worrying Hitler and the doubtless new forms of Germanother Nazi ledders. It is as though and minelayer, but allowing for the milder methods measures to cope with them will Carlton Club should get up and

of democracy--someono assuredly prove as effective as

box Mr.

Mr. Chamberlain's ears. in the past. The resort to

How near to th

to the centre of the indiscriminate mine laying is circle those responsible for the at- now being acclaimed in the tempt are, it is not possible to say. German Press--after a ludicrous. But it must be remembered that false start of declaring the mines there have for some time been re- ports--and very well-founded re- not German-as proof that

porta--of divisions within the Nazi' Hitlerism rules the waves. The hierarchy and that the political British blockado, neutrals are history of all the Nazi leaders is being instructed to believe, is one of terrorism and violence,

Within the --somewhat wider more dangerous to them than to

circle of the Nazi Old Guard Germany. That will not serve.

an of the those who were 'members Germany's neighbours know

party in the days of the abortive there is a very well the desperation to

putsch of 1923 which our blockade is driving number of men who have now little hor. The blatant boast that cause to lovo Hitler. They are the Irlond and neutral shipping, la being sunk friends of Hitler's to frighten the neutral countries lieutenant of those days, Ernst Rochm, who with others on the will not console Holland and Italy Left Wing of the Nazi Party, was and Jugoslavia and Japan for purged when his usefulness to the murder of their citizens and Hitler was over, · the loss of their vessels.

mine

at the

And there are many, too, who

by Francis Williams

must have had their loyalty badly strained by Hitler's new friend- ship with Russia and who see from that friendship and from war with Britain and France, an end to what they thought National Socialism was working for.

True, it is a long step from dis- agreement to assassination--but u step shortened by dictatorship In which opposition has no medium of expression save by the revolver ar bomb.

One thing seems fairly certain." That is, that this attempt, by the circumstances in which it was launched, must It was genuine have come from within the Nazi Party.

Only members of the Nazi Party could have had an opportunity to place the bomb.

That is why I say there is here disclosed one of the conflicts with- in Germany-but only one.

There are others. What is likely to result from them?

It is, of course, by the nature of things, difficult to assess the ex- tent and strength of the opposi- to Hitler within Germany or tion the likelihood of any effective re- sult from the opposition.

Before Munich the most com- pact opposition came from within the higher ranks of the Army.

Supporting the Army group was n number of powerful Industrialista

3

If Britain had been frmer then, they might have had the courage to strike and to depose Hier on the ostensible excuse of a misuse of public funds which made it im possible for the Army to regard its oath to him as any longer bind- ing

We were not firm, and they were consequently afraid to strike. But some of them at any rate still remain of the same mind, and will, f an opportunity comes, take

it.

there have been previous attempts, though none so spectacular as this. But assassination rarely achieves the objects the assassins seek. The result is commonly, not to destroy regime, but merely to call up Buch passions as make for an even greater tyranny than the old.

As for the people of Britain and France, assassination is no weapon of

ours,

If we hope as we do for ani overthrow of Hitlerism, by the Derman people, it is not by any such weapon that the new regime we wish for will come.

We are concerned, not merely with the deposing of a tyrant, but with ending that whole system of

wiilch

the aggression upon German

nan regime is founded.

It is foolish to think that it Goering, for example, were to re- place Hitler, the Nazi Government immediately become "

#

It would seern, however,”unkkely and civilised Govern.

ment.

The Nazi" philosophy of now that anything short of heavy aggression abroad and cruelty at military reverses will so disinte home is not Hitler's alone. It is grate the German morale as to shared by all the Nazi leaders. give them their opportunity.

And there are, of course, the underground Communist groups which still, despite the Russian

Bright. are working against

But they are unlikely to be able to act decisively short of a complete breakdown in Germany following comp

miete:

military defeat. And perhaps not even then.

When a country is ruled by 接 tyranny there cruel and ruthless 15, of course, always the possibility that desperate men will adopt desperate means and that there will be another and more success- ful assassination attempt, just as

GRIN AND BEAR IT

15:

By Lichty

"It's simply delicious, Estelle! Who's your pharmacist?"

And it is not simply the man who threatens the world's peace. It is the philosophy.

Nor could we expect any basis for a genuine and permanent peace out of a coup by the Army which would replace Hitler by a military dictatorship with

perhaps. as a figurehead, some Hohenzollern princeling though there are not uninfluential groups within Lon- desirable don who see that as outcome of the present struggle.

The Army caste bears a heavy responsibility for Nazism. It may now be somewhat frightened by the antics of its protégé, but it did a great deal to put Nazism where it is and to destroy democracy in Germany.

WIS

It was in the shadow of the myth of the unconquerable army be- trayed by treachery in the rear, which has been so much the curse of the

German people, that Nazism born.

The intrigues of the Army leaders and their friends. the Junkers, and the senile pro- judices of Hindenburg. word steps up which Hitler climbed to power, for, though the economie crisis of 1932 gave him a consider- able middle-class backing, it never gave him a majority.

It is not from, such groups as these that the now Germany will arise to play its part in a Now Europe.

No. If we work, as we should, for revolt within Germany, it is 2. soval of the common people, of rovolt Germany that we should sock.

Tising led by Socialist and democratic groups such as led the German revolution at the end of the last war is thọ chly rising on which a atable pones can be bui

But this time we must

be to

to treat them, when they with Justice and friendship—as we were not prepared last time.

For only if we do so will it be possible to establish on the found dation of Democratie and Sociallat. revolution a peaceable German Bitate taking its proper place th tho federation of Europeanvi

nations.