1939-06-15 — Page 30

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, THURSDAY, JUNE 15, 1989.

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HE Dragon sat on the Dragon Throne in the Forbidden City of Peking: Her Imperial Majesty Tsu Hsi, Dowager Empress of the Manchu Dynasty, omnipotent despot, misruling and betraying the trust of four hundred millions of Chinese.

Five years

beforo-in 1894-5-Western- armed, Western-trained, Western-mad Japan had overwhelmed China more swiftly and effectually than she has done in the past few months; the vast body of China lay prostrate; and the vultures

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The vultures were financiers: English, American, French, German, above all Imperial Russian; clamouring for "concessions"; demand- ing to be allowed to lend money to build roads and railways from which they would draw fan- tastic dividends; requiring the delimitation of "spheres of influence," which meant a free hand and might; in the course of a few years, mean a colony.

The Chinese, misruled for centuries; ignorant; compelled to fight with the weapons of the Middle Ages-or the Dark

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the Japanese; oppressed intolerable taxes for which they

Tel. 27778-9.received only inefficient tyranny in return, found the inrush of the keidzus-literally devils of the Beas, usually translated foreign devils-more than even their patience could endure.

Hongkong Telegraph.

Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615 June 15, 1939

The age-old Chinese tradition of brigandage suddenly appeared as a patriotic duty, a patriotic privilege. A new secret society sprang up in that land of secret societies; an organisation that that charms of whispered enabled them to face bullets unharmed; groups that spoke of driving the foreign from China by their invulnerable

Postscript THE threat to Tientsin has provoked a new uproar of recrimination and the query: How far does Japan intend to provoke Britain? The days are valour. not far distant when the reverse may be put: How far will Britain allow herself to be

devils

THEY called themselves

selves I Ho Tuan-the pushed? At the moment how Fists of Righteous Harmony: translated idiomatically enough into The Boxers.

ever, Japan thinks she can safely inflict her humiliations and

which to withdraw.

came

tantrums on the small groups of From a motive totally foreigners in China because she different, and far from patriotic, has such a large gate through Tau Hai get her wrinkled face From against the foreigner.

only West

not came Japan evidently feels confident the that she is creating a good financiers hunting concessions, bargaining weapon in inflaming draining China of the wealth her critics over a matter which that should (of course) flow to is in her province to convert into the Imperial treasury. the happiest circumstances again.

From the West, too, Perhaps the weapon may break

new ideas: ideas of free women irreparably in her hand if it is who did not value feet com- clumsily used; while the nice pressed by bandages until the fencings of diplomacy continue toes rotted away; ideas of free and negotiations over Tientsin men who could not be beheaded have not yet, ceased-there is at the whim or word of a tyrant; little danger of this; but once

ideas, of responsible govern- wrested from the arbitrators

ment which would not send and wielded by the rude and unarmed divisions to certain intolerant military hand, there death against modern weapons. is a strong danger of the Con-

The advent of the foreigner, cession incident becoming the however justly it might rouse starting point for hostilities be- Chinese national pride, would, tween Japan and Britain. War in despite of its commercialism, is recognised as but the forceful benefit the Chinese coolie; but |continuation of diplomacy and it it would spell finis to the Chinese

behoves Britain carefully to ruling caste.

examine what lies behind Japan's stubbornness on the Tientsin dispute.

in

TERRORISM

The

Boxer

Revolt

STORY

Shansi (whither Yu Halen was transferred), Manchuria( then a Chinese province). The Lega- tions were in a state of slege, with hundreds of Boxers- "pro- tected" by their magic spells from bullets (which soomed not to prevent a few being killed) and thousands of crudely armed soldiers raging round the gates:

At the touch of heatinmry, Christendom united; at the touch of the Orient, the West solidified, Russia and England, who had in. trigued against one another for every Chinese plum, mnde com- mon cause; French and German stood shoulder to shoulder, shar- ing a rifle.

The British Legation, the

By GUY RAMSEY

the past; and the Manchu, though decadent, still had the power to maintain order-if it hud wanted to.

One June 17 Peking was likely to be cut off. The few European troops available seized the Taku forts to hold open the road to Tientsin.

largest building, was made the focal point where all nations as- sembled. Sir Claude MacDonald,. the British Ambassador, was un- official head of the defence..

From Tientsin, Sir Edward Seymour, Admiral Commanding the China Station, assembled a force of marines and bluejackets At this action the Dragon and set out to relieve the capi- moved; instead of passively tal. His chief of staff was al allowing the Boxers to loot, to slight, tight-lipped man named murder. to defile. the few John Jellicoe, for whom destiny Christian sanctuaries in China, had in store a greater task. she issued the order: "Kill all Jellicoe was badly wounded, but recovered to command the Grand foreign devils."

Fleet when a greater war was to be fought,

196

and

Missionaries, Catholic Protestant, were slain; Chinese -converts were

killed-n hide. THE little relief force struggled, with # Qua repetition

minimum of water, along a road "inci- of the

German

sionarics

Yu

dent" when, in patrolled by Boxers and the Chi- 1897 the nese army. They were halted Chinese álso un- by overwhelming forces: thou-- der Yu Hsien) sands opposing scores. But they murdered

33 did not break. They retreated mis- towards Tientsin, and, threaten- and ed with annihilation, stormed a forfeited Kiao- Chinese arsenal at Hsiku-fac chow as a pen- ing at once the Chinese garrison alty.

within and the Chinese troops. Hsien, without. And they took it, hold- two transfer ing out there for nearly red from Shan- months. tung to Shansi,

Within the Legations food was added his quota short and ammunition was short- of murder: he er. Shortest of all was man- opened the Ya-

power. The records of the siege men to "pro- refer to individual exploits, to tect" all

the the sending of a "force" of ten missionaries in rifle to defend a key point. But the province;

the odds were overwhelming. welcomed them

then lock- The Chinese mob-official

ed the gates and forces and Boxers combined- turned his howled round the sandbagged troops loose on walls. them.

As a climax, the German Representa- Minister was assassinated; tion after repre- Baron von Ketteler was shot sentation was down in cold blood, his secretary made to the beside him.

Dowager, Again Within the Imperial Palace, and again she another-a domestic-war was was implored to raging. The Emperor, Kwang check the activi- Hau, wanted to treat with the ties of the Fists Europeans; but the Dragon over- of Righteous rode him. His favourite con.. Harmony her

sort, Chen Fél, went down on. answer - "To her knees, her bound feet stuck. destroy the

out behind her, and implored the Boxers, would Empress Dowager to allow the

be like, cutting.

off one's own Emperor to follow the Bane wings." Instead; Policy. Instead, the terrible old she turned hor woman ordered the eunuchs to own "official fling her down a well, authorities. They had dealt soldiery out on their side,

The mob outside the Legations So, by one of those ironies with dozens of auch groups in All China was aflame: Chihli, swelled until it seemed that the of linexhaustibld man-power

China was pouring its mass and GRIN AND BEAR IT

which history.

seems to

The obvious fact that all specialise, the patriotic Chinese auto- foreigners are unwelcome in nationalists were almost China has long emerged, but it matically forced into alliance seems not unlikely that Tokyo with their own greatest enemy, has realised the impossibility of the Empress.' conquering all China and is now

In the last year of the old seeking to cut her losses and to conserve her energies for the century the Province of Shan- resumption of hostilities at atung was ruled by Yu Hsien, a future date by annexing the Chinese of the old official stamp, entire littoral provinces with who, adroitly enough, saw in their important free ports. the Boxers a weapon to fight: With the foreign. interest

eradicated and with an imposing the foreigner and maintain the navy to command the China decadent Munchu Throne from Seas, Japan could do nicely out which he drew his own great, of her invasion by controlling all ness. And, virtually under his water borne trade in China and protection, the Boxers began to between China and the world.

attack, assault and kill Christian This accomplished, Europe missionaries irrespective of sect. and America would have to accept the inevitable, and re- On the last day of the last commence their hitherto profit-year of the last century able trade with China with English missionary was mur smaller profits and under Japan-dered and conditions became ese auspices. With this domin-

ance, Japan could later proceed 80 grave that by the June of against the interior. If that is 1000 the Powers planned to Japan's Intention then Tientsin reinforce the Legations at Is but the thin end of the wedge | Peking.

and as auch must be treated as Wese

THOUT question the

Boxer uprising could

prudently, but none the less ['firmly,"na possible by the com- *bined authority of Britain; have been,"

‚'''and should” hayo „been, put down by the löcal,

America and France.

By Lichty might into the besieging force:

backing it out, dear! I'll wait for you in front!?

but Sir Claude MacDonald-by the grace of God a soldier train- ed with 18 officers and 389 soldiers, plus the untrained but vallant help of the women, still held out.

There would not have been even 389 troops present had it not been for the heroism of a man named Watt who, before the siege began in earnest, vo- lunteered to go for help. With and two Cossacks-Britain Russia, democracy and do- spotism at one-he rode 30 miles and brought back a handful of troops from the Tientsin volun- teer corps within five days.

Seymour, beleaguered in the Chinese arsenal--and using the Chinese weapons against 'the Chinese! still held out. The Taku forts still kept open a tenuous way to Tientsin and the outside world. But

Õ་

#PHE, cable was cut; 67 of the défenders were dead; 120, were wounded; and though the rifles grew so hot with constant fring that they blistered the hands bf, the men that held them; though-the-ladies of the corps diplomatique stripped their petfiteouts to bandage yeách new wound; though the havoc wrought by the-brilliantly organised - fire; of-the PLEASE Turn To Paro 5.

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