1939-06-02 — Page 18

THE HONGKONO TELEGRAPH, FRIDAY, JUNE 2, 1939.

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The

Hongkong Telegraph.

Wyndham St., Hongkong

'Phone 26615 June 2, 1939

Twenty-Five Years

YESTERDAY saw the birth of a month momentous in history.

WHO

THE

ARE GERMANS?

"Who are the ancestors of this German nation; where

did they come from; how have they developed?

EMRYS JONES

tells here the story of the Germans from the earliest

times to the present day. It is an interesting story interestingly told. To understand the march of to-day's events, you need to know what has gone before.

THE first phase of Germany's history begins with a Caesar and ends with

a priest; and in the long run the pen of Martin Luther proved more polent, more lasting, than the sword of Julius Caesar.

Between the coming of one and the death of the other you may see rough tribes rising to power and influence in the story of Europe.

Who were these Germans? Really, we don't know very much about them before the Was time when Julius Caesar made Governor of Gaul in 59 B.C., only a few years before he landed on our shores with his Roman legions.

own

Rare travellers certainly be- fore that braved the long journey from what is now Ger- many down to the Mediter- ranean, but we know little about them.

as now,

In June, twenty-five years ago, Now when Caesar arrived in a mad youth set the torch to the Gaul the Rhine, then powder magazine of Europe at formed the boundary between Sarajevo. A glance through the the Gauls and the Germans; "Telegraph" files of a quarter-though one Gaulish tribe is be of-a-century ago discloses that lieved to have lived beyond the Rhine at its mouth, and invading the newspapers treated the

Germans had settled down in assassinations strictly on their Alsace, in that same province 'merit us a news item about that Frenchmen and Germans another of those troublesome have fought for in our OWN happenings in the Balkans time. indeed, for a week after the assassinations the subject was dropped entirely in favour of the more interesting news about the suffragists, Home Rule, the tests and the Davis Cup.

Nobles and Serfs

THIS

TURIA

(MIRAT CORDOYA

IS THE

" GERMANY” OF

CHARLEMAGNE

PEOPLE

IN THE

STORY TO-DAY

Charlemagne

EMPIRE

OF THE

AVARS

GRICH OR

CMPING

OF THE

GHAZARS

OYZANT

IMPIRE

Charlemagne was the first grear ruler to weld the warring German tribes into one Empire. Look at the map and see how far this Empire extended at the start of the ninth century. All France, Belgium, Hol- land, Jugoslavia, and half of Italy came then under the away of Char- lemagne's forces-But Berlin was not German then.

Week-end at the Perfect Inn

barrels.

THERE is an essential fitness in all things even in beer

Have you ever thought how much less pleasant would be the surround- ings of our English inn parlour if the landlord had to draw beer from ก square box instead of from beautiful, rotund, symmetrical per- fection of a barrel?

the

on your

If you go on home leave this summer, you may come travels to our English Inn, and there you will see the noble barrels re- pasing on their bench, "old."""mild,"

A white and "bitter" in line, with the

cloth over their brown and tranquil shapes. There will be no array of brass handles on the counter and a

Attila Alaric the Goth

the One

Roine great of

before He led the Huns into fell advancing Germany from names in the history his of Europe.

hordes.

East.

N. early times there is IN

·evidence that the west- ern part of Germany, east of the centres on the tribes living in separate kingdoms, by which Rhine, was occupied by Celtic five main districts.

Louis-called "the German”— peoples, of the same descent as Between the Rhine and the got the bulk of the lands cast of the Basques, Bretons, and Welsh Elbe in the north-east lived the the Rhine, as well as certain dis- No-one believed, in June, 1914, of to-day.

Saxons; to the east and south of tricts on the left bank. -that-three-bullets-fired-in---Yet even then, what you may them was-the-big-kingdom-of-- ~RebelliousTM Dukes Sarajevo would claim ten million roughly call Teutons lived in Thuringia. lives.

some parts of the basin of the

NOW Germany began to

beer "engine" drawing liquids from distant and mysterious depths,

Instead, the perfect innkeeper will greet you with the grave, warm friendliness of a natural host, receive your order respectfully, but without condescension, talte down from a hook the polished pewter tankard, turn the wooden tap, and from the look more like we contented caress the noble stream.

barrel will flow with the sound of a In the south-west were the . It was not until almost two Rhine--though the tribes had a Alamanni, in the land after- know it to-day, yet king succeed- Then you may take your pint in months later, on August 4, that multitude of names for them- ward called Swabia. They ex- ed king uneasily on the central hand and join our company. Britain went to war. It would selves, some of which survive. tended along the middle Rhine, throne; putting down the rebel- For instance, the Saxons lived until they met the Ripurian ous dukes, who were almost be all over in six months-just

on the west coast of Schleswig Franks, who lived in that dis- kings in their own lands, fight- a jaunt, in fact, for the volun- and the Angli on the cast coast. trict now called Franconia, of ing off the attacks of Norsemen, teers from the more distant [Farther eust in the basin of the which the Jew-baiting Julius Slave from the east, and not be too much light, perhaps the -Dominions, who-would-not-even-Oder-lived-the-Lugil, who are bo--Streicher-is-Governor.- -Magyars-from-the-south

have time to "have a crack" at the enemy. The War Office con- fidently claimed that Germany would collapse in the spring of 1916 and then there would be

But there are

of

thousands alive to-day-a thousand or more in Hongkong -who have reason to ask them- selves how it comes that Europe, for whose freedom from wars they fought, is so soon menaced by yet another war, and again with Germany as the villain of the piece.

lieved to have been the Vandals, Then in the south-east were However, under Otto the

of later times.

successors

WHERE is a bowl of daffodils on the table. There will

-dayilght-through-mullioned windows perhaps the warmer light of well. trimmied lamps, but enough for you to see the rich colour of old oak walls, the black ceiling heams, and.

the barrels behind the spotless counter.

These thoughts came to me of an

inn parlour of our English inn. We are looking forward to seeing you.

We are the countrymen of England, as our fathers were who drank here,

generation by generation, and in quietness and in confidence is our strength.

We are not even disturbed by any news on the wireless. We have just beaten the visiting team from the Dog and Pheasant in the most im- porlant darts match of the season.

According to historie precedent in these contests, our landlord has just played the visiting landlord for a gallon of beer and lost. Great. anions have been distributed to the acknow-winning and losing teams We raise our tankards to our host. "To you, sir." · "To you and the missus."

crusty roils of bread and cheese and

the Bavarians, as they, are to Great, Germany regained the im- Still farther east on the day.

perial crown. Vistula were the Goths, and as The story of these tribes is But with Otto's you rend German history you one of war among themselves; came conflict with the Papacy note the tendency of tribes in until the coming of one of the and more fights with the no- evening this week-end when the no more European wars for sixty the east-even from outside great names of history, Charle- bility (who preferred dividing club of good neighbours met in the years!

Germany-to press westward. magne.

Germany up into States), until Twenty-five years is a long Germany's tribal system was Under him, for the first time. Henry III., in 1039, lifted Ger- span and thousands who sur- divided into four grades: nobles, in 804, the German races came many to the peak of its imperial vived 1914-18 rest peacefully in freemen (or vassals), and serfs. under a single ruler; he provided power by making federal states their graves in lands distant They elected a king by popu- law for the whole empire, and of Bohemia, Poland, and Hun

his bannera marched gary. from the scene of the conflict.ar vote, but his powers were beneath

strictly limited. Even in this soldiers of all tribes, inspired by hundreds

Regard Henry, then, as the primitive system, you get a patriotism and welded by re- forerunner of the German glimpse of Germany's genius for ligion--for now all Germany was "Drive to the East.” military organisation," for in nominally Christian.

After him, once more, came time of war the king was made Gone, then, are the days of the decline of German power, subservient to the leader chosen Wagner's Wotan. Gone, too, are His successors

quarrelled with to lead the tribo' in battle. the Nibelungs and the gods that the Pope, whose power was be-

The king had to play second "rule by beauty,"

coming more widely fiddle very often, for the Ger- man tribes made frequent raids and the Rhine-daughters and the

With them vanishes Valhalla ledged. into Gaul, fighting the Roman mists that surrounded the an- For instance, in Italy the growth Other factors came in, too. power which was trying to push cient goda of Rhineland mytho- of autonomous cities weakened It is the Tommies, who hated ite empire beyond the frontiers logy.

the rule of the German emperors, it all the muck, the lice, the of the Rhine.

They disappeared from the and even the great Barbarossa, bitter privations, the blood, the Goths Invade Rome German mind, making way for Frederick I., failed to break the agony who have the right to

THEN, as troubles in Christianity. Now they are be- power of the cities. ask to-day whother Ill-conceived

the empire increased, ing resurrected by extremists of Milan then, as now, was the diplomacy has not squandered.

so did the strength of the Ger- the Third Reich of Adolf Hitler centre of the revolt, chief city of our war graves.

Why has tired and jaded old male tribes. Finally they be--who is himself receiving from the Guelphs (or up-holders of camo so strong as to overthrow Wagner's interpretation of them Italian freedom) against the Europe, after such a catastro-

pleasure and inspiration.

Ghibellines, who stood for the phic upheaval as the Great War, the might of Rome.

Under the invading forces of Charlemagne pushed his emperor. now to gird up its loins again Alaric the Goth, Rome foll. armies into Spain and Italy, Barbarossa fought the deci- to face the probability of Then it was sacked by Attila, and in 800 Pope Leo III. crowned give battle near Milan and lost another?.

the famed leader of the Huns, him the Emperor of the Romans. only just escaping death himself. Somewhere there has been who came as invaders from the So began the Holy Roman Em From that time the hold of Ger- colossal and criminal blundering.east into Germany, and by pire which in various formis If Germany had won in 1918, Genseric the Vandal, both tribes oxisted right up to the time of many on Italy ceased to exist in rest assured there would be no. menace of war over Europe to leaving their names to history Napoleon

·Gloucester Bldg., 2nd Flr., Tel. 28030,

as symbols of savagery and dog- Yet it showed its weaknCBSCH Barbarossa then looked clac. day. We won, and it seems

as soon as Charlemagne died. where for his new worlds and, as that, 21 years later, we may just truction.

From the time of the Roman By the Treaty of Verdun in 848 our King Richard and the King be starting to pay the price of

decay, the story of Germany France and Germany became. PLEASE Turn To Page 5. victory.

THAVE NO WIFE TO LOOK AFTER MY. --CLOTHES SO I just phone for ZORIC service!

This service not only gives you Odourless Air Condition Drycleaning but also sees that missing or loose buttona are sewn on and open seams restitched.

Drycleaning is essential (during this time of uncertain -weather conditions to prevent clothing from getting mildewed.

· Don't just leave your clothes to the care of your Boy.

THE STEAM LAUNDRY CO.

Head Office & Works 57032

Hong Kong Depot, Tel. 21370.. Fesk Depot,

Tel. 29332. · Kowloon: Depot, Hotel valors are accommodated at all Icading Hotela,

Tel: 58835

な

reality.

OUTSIDE there is the sound

of a car entering the old

lan stable yard and drawing up on

the cobble stones. Visitors have arrived, and the perfect host goes to the front door to greet them. I 19 raining outside, and a bright fire has been it in the bedroom prepared for

them.

There is also some hot soup from the stockpot on the ever-burning kit- chen range, a cut of roast saddle of Southdown lamb,' apple ple and cream, some Cheshire cheese,

Why is it, I wonder, that so many the food they have had at obscure hotels abroad, and so few stem to have found the perfection of both in on English Inn,

travellers prate of the welcome and

Do stews taste better abroad? I warmer wonder, Will you and a welcome abroad than in an Engilaa Inn? No, indeed, if you will come among us this springuide, and have PLEASE Turn To Page 5.