1938-08-29 — Page 18

THE HONGK N TELEGRAPH, MONDAY, August 29, 1938.

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MONDAY, AUGUST 20, 1938.

"POSITIVE PEACE POLICY"

I can

Maybe help Mr. Lloyd

notes by a war reporter for the A. R. P. chief to take with him on his

tour

7OUNG Mr. Geoffrey Lloyd, "Minister for A.R.P.," is flying to Doncaster, Manchester and Birmingham to study local A.R.P. progress and problems.

His job is to see that if bombs do drop on Britain they shall do as little damage as possible.

I should like to help him.

Not that I claim to be anything in the way of an expert on A.R.P.

เ

I don't pretend to know the technical points of the hundred and one things he will have to take care of air-raid shelters, subterranean depots for petrol (it's sad what happens to petrol dumps when they're not undergound, like battered top-hats those at Tarragona look), co-ordination of electric power plants so as to ensure that even if one or two important stations are knocked out there will still be ample emergency power to carry on essential industries with the least amount of interruption.

But I have been on the receiving end of bombing raids for just on two years now--ever since that July day in 1936 when Paris-Soir's Louis Delapree and I, with the foolhardiness of in- experience, stood thrilled and elited by a roadside watching two Government airplanes dropping bombs on an insurgent airfield. They landed within 100 yards of us. Fortunately for us, they were only tiny little 201b. bombs.

And being a bombee for a couple of years does develop a certain air-raid,philosophy, gives practical experience in personal A.R.P., modifies first theories.

IN those early days of July 1936 I had magni- ficent principles on what to do when bombed-rather on the

lines of bull-fighting they were.

Guadarrama

Mr. Selfridge, very sensibly, got into a ditch by the roadside and lay down flat with his head

covering the back of it.

7

·by- SEFTON DELMER

Par

These diagrams are from a handbook Delmer brought from Madrid ·

Top: An open trench. Says Delmer ; " Trenches are splendid protection against the tight percussion bombs used in town-bombing civilians." Bottom: Earth banked against the walls of a house deflects a bomb.

to us, and where those people live who help most to win the

war,

arc

WHEN Mr. Lloyd has

made sure that there sufficient shelters in the By that I mean, put shelters danger areas then he can begin. close by the munition works, building big shelters in the non- the power stations, telephone combatant residential districts. and telegraph exchanges, the In the meantime I would ad- docks, the Government build-vise him to concentrate on ings, airfields, and other obvious equipping the residential dis- largets.

tricts with emergency trenches

The fairly widespread belief that Great Britain was about to take a more positive attitude in the chronic Czecho-Slovakian dispute with the Sudeten German minority, a belief which was so sincere on the part of mang London commentators that they confidently predicted the terms

Mr. Lloyd should do his and dug-outs for protection. of the new pronouncement of

utmost now in peacetime to against light percussion bombs, policy, has been short-lived. Sir

make it possible for the men which I have noticed the Italian John Simon, Chancellor of the

und women to carry on their and German bombers use when Exchequer and himself a former

I remember airing them to Britain will do so with real live work in safety and without in- terror-bombing civilians in Bar-

terruption during air-raids. He celona. Foreign Seeretary, has knocked Mr. Gordon Seifridge jun., up in bombs from the word go.

Trenches are splendid protec- Mountains. So do as Mr. Selfridge did. can do so by seeing that under- the forecasts on the head. The the British policy has not changed "The thing to do," I said, "is to Get into a ditch or a trench if ground workshops are prepared tion against these percussion when the keep your eye on the bomb. Mr. Geoffrey Lloyd has not built and existing buildings fortified bombs, because this type of from what it was

against bombs.

bomb explodes on hitting the Watch it as it comes down and you a shelter by that time. Prime Minister, Mr. Neville

And here I may give my first I will give an example.

ground, sending splinters and step aside before it lands."

In Barcelona the telephone fragments of stone Interally for Chamberlain, made his Govern-

A few minutes later we were advice to Mr. Lloyd.

exchange is above ground. As as much as 200 yards. If you ment's stand known on March being bombed.

E must begin building soon HE

as there is an air-raid are standing in the way, it's 24. There is no pledge to sup

air-raid shelters right alarm the telephone stops func-good-bye to you and lucky if part France in any war in which

It is no good waiting un- tioning. away.

there's any of you left to pick she becomes involved #15 L

til any trouble has started or, as No calls go through until the up. result of her promise to defend turned to the ground, his arms in the case of poor Barcelona, "All clear" has been given, per- But keep below the surface the integrity of Czecho-Slovakia. I stood and watched the air- until the enemy start dropping haps an hour and a half later. level in a trench or a pit and the over your Sir John Simon has reiterated plane, saw the little black speck bombs. By that time it is too This stoppage is a most serious splinters will travel

head and you will be far safer that Great Britain's is "a posi-fall from it. I ran madly in late, and again, as in Barcelona, handicap.

In Madrid all the switchboards than in houses. The trouble tive policy of peace." That what I thought was the opposite you will not be able to afford

suflicient labour or material. and the exchange itself have about houses is that they are must be presumed to mean that direction to the bomb and threw

He must not build shelters at been moved deep underground. apt to collapse if a percussion London continues to fight shy of myself down behind

a rock. hazard, but according to careful The telephone has never stop-bomb blows away part of them. "Pfooce...vroom," the bomb commitments one way

That's why those who plan, in the places where they ped working-except on such an-landed-five yards from me. other, but that His Majesty's had run towards it, not away.

are most likely to be needed. occasions as Franco succeeded in afford it in Barcelona have made Don't let him begin by build- cutting the lines outside the their houses percussion proof by Government will continue to use | But it was a dud.

strengthening the supports and. its influence and powers of per- As a matter of fact, examina- ing them in the big residential town.

areas, even though that may I have been able to talk to building special walls for shock sunsion to keep the peace of tion showed it was not even a Europe. Beyond that the gen- bomb, but a live shell which had make him popular with the London while shells were drop-protection.

voters. Shelters must first be ping on the building I was in. erul public is left to guess at the been dropped in the hope that it built where the enemy is most The London operator, hearing might explode on hitting the likely to drop his bombs, where them, said: "Say, what's all British intention; all is dark

ground.

his bombs are most dangerous that noise at your end?" and mere, unsatisfactory as You will not have any luck |sumption. And yet perhaps the like that. Any one who raids

psychology behind this silence is deeper and wiser than it seems. There is always the question in Nations may some day be made the minds of the men who play an instrument really effective in at chess on Europe's bloodied international affairs, 3 real board: "What will Grent power for the policing not only Britain do?" That doubt, the of Europe but the world, if possibility that British might Britain is to take the lead in may be thrown into any conflict such a desirable endeavour, she as a determining factor may must have the friendship and very well impell those who con- goodwill of all powers; she must template some desperate venture be known as an unbiased peace- to reconsiderand, let it be maker, friendly mediator, hoped, change forceful tactics enemy of none, ally of all. That for peaceful and prudent arbitra-s the role she has chosen; and tion.

it requires the utmost tact and

or

moment;

the

11

in

or

In the Czech-German crisis, caution to play the part con- which is the chief concern of vincingly, The parallel is not Britain, as of all the Great to be taken as a suggestion that Powers, at the

Britain is "playing a part" with value of "a positive peace policy" any intention of deceiving one is clear, although it may appear or other of the European

other world powers. As 11 to be anything but “positive” in the accepted sense. It must nation she is doing what Lord convey that to the peace-breaker Runciman is doing as her select- the Czech- Britain will be antagonistic. Ated mediator the same time it avoids the mis- German trouble. She takes no take of committing the country sides. But if, as is suspected to a course of action which in some quarters, the German might very well have the effect army attempts to force the of hardening the hearts of those Czecho-Slovakians to the will of His Majesty's Government is so Berlin, what will Great Britain anxious to appoase. A "post-do then? The answer is in the tiva" policy in the defence of hearts of the poople. But for Czecho-Slovakia might destroy the moment it is not to be for all time, the hope, still spoken, for the Government is chariahed by so many. British not contemplating -- war. It people, that the League of hopes and works for peace."

GRIN AND BEAR IT

can

NOT that I believe the enemy will be able to spare the airplanes for serious. raids on the residential areas of Britain. Ho will have his work cut out trying to bomb first-

of which would more seriously affeet Britain's capacity to carry on the war.

By Lichty class objectives the destruction

wouldn's glum "much for Bluz imfitan's signature on that treaty -

still got on old LOU; of hir.”

Even on Barcelona there have been comparatively few pure terror raids. *

..

And London surely will never į be as helpless as Barcelona was during those three days of air terror last March. They came jat a time when the. Franco armies had broken through the [Government front and seemed to be sweeping forward irresistibly.. The Government air force had shrunk to double figures. There was not a fighter that could be spared from the front for the: defence of Barcelona.

And the anti-aircraft guns. that were there were too old and too few to frighten the German' and Italian bombers.

So the city was to all intents: defenceless.

I cannot see London or any: |part of Britain in the same

plight.

ONE of the things that

startle me is this idea.

of wholesale evacuation of the population which I find sa earnestly discussed here,

Certainly evacuate from the

(Continued on-