1938-08-06 — Page 18

14

THE

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH,

SATURDAY, AUGUST

6,

1938.

Dresden

SUDETEN MOUNT

Elbe

PRAGUE-

BOHEMIA

Plzen

(Pilsen)

CZECHOSLOVAKIA

showing Racial Minorities

Germans (over 80%)

""

(over 50%)

GERMANY...

JFHurrabin

Magyars (over 80%)

(over 50%)

Poles....

tom

ZER FILTER

FANBETH GORDON

PURE

WATER

ALWAYS

N 3

L

A

N

D

FO EST

TATRA

I A Kosice

Uzhoro

RUTHENTA,

CARPATHIAN

S

Munich

19Salzburg,

CZECHOSLOVAKIA might almost be bet- ter named Bohemia-Slova- kia, for it unites the old kingdom of Bohemia (Czech-Bohemian) with the ancient Slovakia and brings together again the Czechs and the Slovaks, branches of the same Slav race, which German and Magyar agg gression in the

two

Bud

Linz

MORAVIA Brno

(Brunn)

TESCHE

Bratislava

Vienna

H U N

EUROPE'S

STORM

CENTRE

past had separated. Czecho- a Member of Parliament. Slovakia is thus primarily He was joined abroad by M.

AR

Budapest

RUMANTA

From cast to west Czecho.Slovakia, extends 600 miles; from north to south it varies from 126 miles to 50 miles across.

More than one-third of pupulation is neither Czech or Slavak. Largent minority is German (23 per cent.), distributed along the frontiers of Bohemia and Moravia and on the inner slaper of the Bohmer Wald, Erz Gebirge and Sudeten Mountaina.

Sir languages-Czech, Streak, German, Magyar, Polish and Ruthenian-are officially used.

Water

Czech-Slovakia is more than 200 miles from any sro. communications lie along the German rivern Elbe and Oder and southcastawards along the Danube. Any extension of German in- fluence in Hungary would therefore threaten Czecho-Slovakia with complete isolation. The famous Skoda armament works are situ- ated at Pilsen.

YESTERDAY

demo-

elected Parlia-

AND TO-DAY

a natural and not an arti- Benes in 1915, and from London

they ficial State.

issued in November the

Manifesto against last was handed over to Czecho- February 18, 1937, which pro- conceded by the Czech Govern- Czech and Slovak have been first official living here since the seventh Austria and in favour of Czech Slovakia in default of any bet- mised a greater proportion of ment.

posts in the Administration for

Czecho-Slovakiu began as century. The

were independence. In January, 1916, ter place to go. Slovaks

A National Assembly on Germans.

pacifist State. early conquered by the Magyars the National Czech Council was (Hungariaos) and for a thou formed with M. Masaryk as February 29, 1920, passed the

An invasion from Hungary sand years remained a subject President, and one year later Constitution. It set up a race. But the Czechs founded the Allies made Czech indepen- cratic Republic with an President, and with v

Unfortunately the economie in 1920 changed all that. To- the famous kingdom of Bohe- dence one of the war time.

A Czech Government was set ment of two Houses. It gave depression of 1929 hit the in- day the State possesses a mag- whose free spirit

districts of Czecho-

equipped standing nificently exemplified in Jan Hus, fol- up in Paris and on October 18, freedom of speech and of the dustrial

the

army of 170,000 men, but could independence of Press. It recognised the rights of Slovakin where the Germans Unemploy- lower of our English Wycliffe, 1918,

was officially minorities. It admitted no pri- were concentrated. and in the foundation of the Czecho-Slovakia

birth ment rose from 29,000 to 92,000; in an emergency increase this first university in Germanic declared. The Austrian collapse vileges based

that month made this a or calling. And it declared the and proportionately twice as figure to 2,000,000. An alliance lands the University of Prague in (1348).

reality, and the Slovaka joined territory of the Republic one many Germans were out of work with France and Russia brings in the Republic that was set up and indivisible. Voting is by as Czechs.

if she is the victim of aggres- economic conditions, governed sion.

mnia,

܀

*

Was

on

sex,

By Richard Pennington

** Twice Czechs fought, against German pressure, to maintain their religious and political freedom. The second time (Battle of the White Mountain, 1620) they lost, and passed un- der Austrian domination until at the world war.

Hon. Sec. of the Czecho-Slovak Association

Continued Austrian and Mag- The new Republic was de-

Inevitable discontent with

these two countries to her aid

by world conditions, led to

The Franco-Czech Treaty political discontent; and this was encouraged by the Nazis negotiated in October, 1923, when in 1933 they came was signed on January 24, 1924.

power.

to

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Music hath

hath charms

6212.

Sunday Classical Concert, at Repulse Bay Hotel Under leadership of

Geo, Pio-Ulski

Programmo for Sunday, 7, August, 1938. 1 p.m. - 2.30 p.m.

PROGRAMME

Ouverture

1. Undine.

2.

Invano. Serenade

3. Vaise-Fantasio

5. Moonlight Madonna

and

6, Magyar Puszta

The Henlein (Nazi) group It was declared to be in no way A German rising all citizens over 21, under Pro- Prague.

within the Sudeten Germans anti-German. The Czechs forth- was unsuccessful.

portional Representation.

Considering the complete re repudiated the 1937 minorities with concluded friendly agree- old position of agreement; and the Anschluss ments with Germany on inter- yar attempts to obliterate Czech limited by the Treaties of Ver- versal of the and Slovak nationality failed, sailles, St. Germain and Trianon, subordinate Czech and domi- of this year has led to a panic national rivers and on the port

the Activist of Hamburg. and the nineteenth century wit and as regards the disputed nant German, the conduct of desertion from

has been on the Germans to the Henlein party, nessed a revival of national feel- Teschen (Polish) area, by the public affairs

Dr. Benes has always advo- ing among the Austro-Hungari. Conference of Ambassadors in whole tolerant and wise. Full which stands for uncompromis.

to the ing opposition to the republic. cated friendship with Germany, an minorities. So, in the world July, 1920. The Treaty of St. immediate privileges

A new Minorities Statute is insisting only on the preserva- were minorities could not have been

the war and the probable collapse Germain, to which we

freedom under negotiation. But tion of And there certainly now of Austria-Hungary, Czech and signatory, specifically guaranteed expected. Slovak saw their hope of free- the rights of the minorities. The was a long reluctance to grant three of the demands put for integrity of the State.

to Ger- ward by the German minority new State was formed from the responsible position

The Locarno Treaty of 1935 -to control the State's foreign

the Franco-Czech Abroad and at home, Czechs Austrian territories of Bohemia mans.

This Was began working for the national and Moravia, from the Slovak

recognised and policy, to practise full Nazi approved cause, headed by M. Masaryk, portion of Hungary, and from remedied in the agreement "ideology," and to have full Treaty of 1924 and contained be an Arbitration Treaty between leader of the Realist Party and Sub-Carpathian Ruthenin, which signed with the Government on self-government-will

Germany and Czecho-Slovakia which is still in existence, as it was officially confirmed by Ger- many in 1936. This covers all political and legal disputes, ex- Minorities, which come under the League.

dom.

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1

M.V. "TAI SHAN"

20th August.

DODWELL & CO., LTD.

*.......

Agents.

Hongkong Bank Bldg.

Telephone 28021.

In May, 1935, the Franco- Soviet and the Czecho-Soviet Pacts based upon Locarno and the League were signed, after Germany hnd objected to the conclusion · of an Eastern Pact which would have prevented

4. 2nd Hungarian Rhapsody

Lorizing. .Amadej.

Glinka.

.Liezt.

Fibich.

.De Maurizi,

7. Spanish Dance. No. 1 .....Maszkowski.

For Reservations

phone 27775.

REPULSE

BAY

HOTEL

aggression in Eastern Europe. THE HONGKONG & SHANGHAI HOTELS, LTD.

Thero Pacts come into fores only is the event of aggression; and Soviet assistance is con- ditional upon French mobilian- ition.

Czecho-Slovakia forms with Yugo-Slavin and Rumania the Little Entente. A Permanent Council and an Economic Coun- Jeil meet regularly.

.

In 1985 President Masaryk retired, received the title of "Liborator," and was succeeded by M. Eduard Benca. Masaryk The died 'in September, 1987. present Prime Minister is Milan Hodza, a Slovak.

Needed Urgently

MEN'S, WOMEN'S & CHILDREN'S

CLOTHING

Hongkong Benevolent Society

MONDAY

THURSDAY

10a.m. to 12 Noon. 11- Ice House Street.