1937-11-01 — Page 18

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The

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MONDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 1937,

FERTILE FIELD

OF FEAR

Japanese feeling against Great Britain grows bitter. The resolution of the group of

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capacity to the Government in the present crisis, that a na- tional movement should be

undertaken with the object of severing, diplomatic relations with Britain is distressing. The aim, it seems, is to create a popular anglophobia, with what object remains to be seen.

Japan justifies her air bombing massacre of defenceless Chinese by claiming that her pilots aim at military objectives. A famous British air expert disproves this by showing that air bombing is

•

JUST HIT or MISS!

BY

AIR COMMODORE

́ ́L. E. 0. CHARLTON

(Author of "War Over England" and formerly Chief Stap oficer of the

W

RAF. in Iraq.)

HILE thousands of defence- less Chinese civilians have been exterminated by

a rain

of death from the air, Japan assures the world that her pilots aim only at military targets.

As each day brought its new and dreadful toll of death dealing, few could continue to believe such a blatant falsehood as this.

Many people, ignorant of the technical facts. still think that the bomber has it in his power, if his humanity and his military orders permit him, to avoid hitting innocent people and unessential objectives. They think that bomb. ing apparatus is of such accuracy and die- crimination that isolated objec tives can be picked out by the. bomber in the same way that a marksman with his rifle scores a bull's-eye.

This is a tragic illusion--- every air expert knows it.

Here is an analogy to show you how horribly, devastatingly inaccurate bombing is, even when the bomber has the honest intention to do every- thing he

hit only military objects.

can

to

If buck-shot were fred from a twelve-boro shot-gun at a mark on a white-washed wall the re- sulting disfiguring spray and spatter of shot marks on the wall would be like a small-scale representation of what happens when an aeroplane bombs a particular object on the ground.

A

an

acro-

MODERN. bomb- sighter on 'plane is a mathema- tical marvel, but that does not make it a miracle. Think of some of the problems a bomber has to deal with while he is swooping over the ground at, perhaps, a speed of four miles a minute.

The war pilot has to calculato. his exact height and speed. Ho has to take into account the wind velocity and the exact point of the compass, to a frac-

BITS

That bomber looks prolly big up there, but travelling at 200 odd miles an hour do you think he could “lay his eggs" just where he likes, lying thousands of foot high?

tion of a degree, from which it is blowing.

Moreover, the mathematical equation which the bomber has to solve is further complicated by the fact that he is moving. Every moment of time adds a new factor to the problem he has to solve, and has to be taken into account as part of the equation.

+

At his chosen moment the bombing plot releases a bomb from the rack. But the bomb does not fall sheer like a plumb- line; it starts its downward course with the initial velocity of the aircraft it has just left --perhaps 350 feet a second; it gradually assumes a curve, and then falls straight.

the

Because of all this, bomber must release his bomb before his machine is directly above the object required to hit. And

therefore the slightest error in calculating the course of the bomb.will.result.in-hit-... Ling something else. It is humanly impossible for the bomber to calculate with exact accuracy his time, distance and

OF

point of attack. For all practical purposes, it is, therefore, hit or miss-and a carnage of destruc- tion somewhere other than the point aimed at

But there is another kind of air attack to which what I have anid above does not apply. This is paint-blank bombing from very low down.

B

OMBING of this sort is perhaps the most of all to be feared. Why? Because neither anti-aircraft gun-sights nor searchlight beams can be adjusted to fasten on an object which is whisking through the air, just ... · overhead, at a speed of 240 miles an hour.

ably impossible. It is against this low-fying strategy that the balloon barrage is designed to provide an impassable obstacle,

There are those, however, who claim that the leading aeroplane of an enemy forma- tion can "breach" the barrage by tho simple method of charging a selected balloon in mid-air, the crow descending by parachute to surronder them- selves as prisoners of war, while the rest of the formation flies on through....

The modern anti-aircraft gun efficient, ⚫ is highly

and by means of marvellous rangeTM Anding apparatus can locate its: target in the twinkling of an cyc.

· Unfortunately the shell. which follows takes an appreci able time to reach a high alti- tude-as much, for example, as 20 seconds to reach a height of 18,000 feet.

Latt

F the bomber under attack pursued a straight course anti- aircraft gunnery would be greatly assisted. But what. bomber would continue to fly

The natural enemies of the bomber are the anti-aircraft gun and the interceptor-fighter nireraft. The former attacks from the ground, the latter from the air, of the two, greater reliance.is. placed upon.......straight knowing he was, under the interceptor.

Combat between bomber and. an Interceptor aeroplane 80 close to the ground is unthink-

STRING

There is one very reasonable explanation for this rather sur- prising development. The Japan- ese Government must recognise that to continue a campaign on the Asiatic continent of the magnitude of that now in pro- gress, it is essential to have the -unquestioned - loyalty-and-sup- port of every subject of the realm. And not only loyalty———— for there is no question of the almost fanatical zeal of the Japanese people in fighting. battles, commercial or political, for their Emperor-but the con- viction of the public mind that the Government's cause is just and its methods necessary, is requisite. To preach hatred of the Chinese, to fan that hatred to red-hot enthusiasm for con- quest, would be too contradic- tory a policy entirely when it is avowed of the Japanese lenders that they wish only to punish China for alleged affronts and indignities offered to Japan and that the ultimate object of the war against Nanking is the pacifying of the country, check- ing of the influence of Bol- shevism and the making of friends of its people. Moreover there is no good reason for the Japanese to hate the Chinese, as an act of arrogance and in-string of a parcel. I used to, but one There is certainly no reason for sult, or a move directed against day another string addict stayed my for if one goes round snipping off Japan to fear them at present, the Japanese, is as obviously "Never cut a bit of string, lad: ye

But hatred and fear of

unreasonable as it is unjust, nover Britain are more logical in such Denial of the right, yes, and the break." a nation. If the public can be

пеи-

HAVE a passion for bits of string.

are treasure trove. As a matter of

1 do not know when it first grip- definitely a bit. Thick string, thin fact they are not so uscless as one ped me; I have, so far as I know, al-string, wenk string-all are grist to might think; there is nothing better ways had it, and I suppose I shall my mill; though I have, if anything, for stringing beads than a piece of always have it, for it seems to be in predilection for that strong, hairy silk E-string, while the strength of curable. Curiously chough, balls of string that is used for heavy parcels even a worn D-string is incredible- string leave me quite tinmoved. The and is really a kind of juvenile rope it would tether an ox. Once upon a something in me that desires string rather than string proper. At the time I rode a moter-eyele three miles, evidently shies at quantity; but it is other end of the scale, tob, there is a with a broken magneto-chain tled to the little odds and ends that I covet fascinating kind of link between gether with D-string.

not, as it were, string per se, but thread and string-very thin, purc I te tarry string, too, such as sal- simply bits of string.

white, and wonderfully strong. In

lors use. It again is not of much My tastes, however, are wide. Any practice, It is not really very useful. practical use, but it has a divine kind of string will do, so long as it is for one generally nequires it in ex-smella fragrance that suggests the tremely short pieces, and it is difficult

sca, buccuncers, doubloons, and Cap- to untle; but it has án alluring fein Kidd. It is rather a rarity, for effort at mediation and settle daintiness, nevertheless, ment of the Far East hostilities

sailors to seldom send parecia." "One"

43

I never well hardly ever-cut the finds it, of course, on board ship, but It is dificult of acquisition even then,

knife with the warning words: le bits here and there is likely to attract notice and even cause au- ken when your gallowses'il verse comment.

I have taken the advice to heart.

*

|

*

Are?

If the attacking aeroplane deviates a fraction out of its course, the gunner's calcula-- tions are completely ruined and hopelessly inaccurate. His shell. will go wide. Even in the 20. seconds that the shell takes to- reach the necessary altitude, the bomber can fly more than a. mile!

The art of Interception, especially at night, is one of in- finite dificulty.

If a bombing formation were reported to be approaching at the ceiling altitude of, say, 21,000 feet, it would, necessarily, be at least 15 minutes before the interceptors could be in a. position to attack.

During that time the bombers could have advanced nearly 60 miles towards their unknown destination.

M

OREOVER, by altering their course, they could have completely nonplussed the defence organ- fention.

So, you see, there seems to be no escape from the oft-repented conclusion that the bombers There is an artistic value in bits of will usually get through, and their got through, string as well as a merely utilitarian | having one. Apart from the fact that string bombs. will fall on non-com- Is pleasant to. look at, one can do all balants and combatants indis- Borts of interesting, lf useless, things

criminately. with it. The old game of cat's-

man who

сля mike оп excellent small, a acugull, and a bicycle. He

a perfect virtuoso with string.

But there lu one thing I

cannol

a

do.

effect of making all nations- pause in their preparations for warfare from the air,

convinced that Britain has been duty, of Governments signatory plsaster has not so for overcome me; assisting China in her battle of to the Nine-Power-Treaty to perhaps this is the reward of my resistance, there is no doubt attempt to mediate, particularly virtu what the reaction will be. If in the case of an undeclared war 36 cts. tin' 2 Fins for 70 cts.

the Japanese people are told such as this in China, is surely to deny the principles under that Britain has over-stepped

As a natural corollary of my unly the bounds which constitute lying the undertaking which ing habit, I always carry a bit of cradio is intricate and fascinating. That is why'it's so devoutly Japan, like Britain, signed. d, who had great wisdom, enld, "Aye that I can malce a most lifelike horse ing spectacle of China under air neutrality-though how

string. The mentor above mention- and I am rather proud of the fact to be wished that the harrow- trality could be viglated when That undertaking makes arbi- carry a bit of string, a knife, and with string. I can also make a very bombardment will have tho there has been no declaration of tration compulsory before force shilling," and 1 pass on the advice as wriggly caterpillar, and I know

sound and excellent. war it will take a pubtle mind is employed. to explain-the effect would be Japan's case against Britain generally too long or too short for To be quite truthful, the bits are obvious. If, in addition, it is is a thin one. But there is what I want, or if the length is right pointed out to the Japanese material there which, if pre-they are of the wrong sort.

I always gaze with admiration on the people that the British public,sented in certain lights, can be In common with the rest of man-shopkeepera who tie up parcels with thick string, and then, scorning steel, particularly the Labour element, calculated to disturb, even tond. I seldom discover this until I

have reached the critical point when twiddle their Angers a little pull, is demanding a boycott of Japan alarms, a people. There is no I must not leave go of what I am go when snick the string parts almost and thus threatening the pros-more fertile field than in fear to ing to tie; and someone has to go and magically. I cannot break string like perity of the country and the sow the seeds of hatred. The fetch the string-bag, for no one ex- that. I have tried, but I merely hurt

the my fingern.. earning power of the people, crop will spring surely enough, ept oneself can over choose

Some day, though. I am going to one can be tolerably certain of Whether it will ever be reaped tight bit of string. the animosity which will result. is problematical, but it is safe do not despise even the shortest begin a flirtation with the girl in tho

bits of string. Although I am no baker's, and I shall worm the secret tice, I can snick a ship's hawser, I There is no question as to to say that it were wiser to let Krelster, I sometimes play a violin, out of her, for she does it beautifully, shall go on the stage and make my Britain's part in the organisa-such harvest wit and perish and as violin strings are not immortal And then I shall go round and twild fortune; and then, like the princes in tion of the Brussels conference. than to put the reaper to work periodically become the proud pos- dle my angers at all the bits of airing the fairy tales. I all live happy

sessor of bils of violin siring from | I can And, until I have enlcked (lem | ever after. But for Japan to construe this with any thought of gain.

four inches in length upwards, These all; and when, after years of pene»

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