1936-08-21 — Page 6

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, FRIDAY, AUGUST 21, 1986.

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WHAT THE SPANISH WAR MEANS

L

EON TROTSKY onceday to send my dispatch I was

said that the country to go munist would be Spain.

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The

Hongkong Telegraph.

FRIDAY, AUG. 21, 1936.

.

able to

ordinary see how an next

political dispute was worked up Com- into the most abominable and It bitter conflict by the atrocity

the other.

... this conflict'involves you, me, and the man down the road. It may divide Europe into two sections hostile beyond all possibility of reconciliation...

Vernon

By

Bartlett

is obvious that before their stories told by each side against· respective revolutions Rus- sia more nearly resembled. That sort of thing is happen- ing to-day throughout Spain. that country than any other on both sides cruelties are being

committed which mock at the Should the rebels win, there tatorships of the Right aid of They both had a peasantry.

pretensions of the twentieth will be a period of brutal re- the Loft, are fighting it out on action far exceeding the expec- the arid plains of the Spanish that was miserably illiterate and century to be civilised.

tations of those nico British Peninsula? poor; a Christianity that was If one studies the European Conservatives who have met and often rather a superstition than Press to-day one is struck by the liked Spanish monarchists and & religion, and enormous estates tremendous discrepancies in the who know nothing of the misery apart from all the bloodshed it that were run for the benefit of reports of the Spanish civil war. of those immenso devastated involves, because it will force absentee landlords to the de- triment of the men who worked on them.

But one had not expected events to go so far or so quickly to prove Trotsky right.

***

all the

The struggle is so important,

Even in our own country the agricultural areas for which us to answer questions which we have hitherto done our best more genteel newspapers are re- they are so gravely responsible.

to avoid. Is peace, in fact, im-- ferring to those in revolt against British Conservatives would possible in a world which con- a regularly constituted govern have as little in common with a bains Democracy, National So- ment as "insurgents' rather, victorious reaction in Madrid as cialism and Russian than as "robels." In the more British Liberals would have munism? Radical papers these "insur with victorious Communist rents" become the worst sort of bullies and bandits,

**

•

J

government.

**

Салон

If they are so incompatible, will our British conceptions People are always reatly in

of personal liberty survive, or political strife to see all the

shall we find ourselves forced in the end to choose one of these heroism on the side with which

If, as is greatly to be feared, other doctrines which have a WORLD WAR FEARS they sympathise and

It is inconceivable that we this struggle drags on, Herr more obvious appeal to youth atrocitica on the other. They should be so decidedly taking Hitler and Signor Mussolini will because, although they limit AND HOPES seldom pause to realise that all sides unless we realised that inevitably be drawn more and freedom we have learnt to warfare and civil warfare most this is no ordinary rebellion. more to support the rebls, and treasure, they are showing them- Will there be another world | of all, since it is the least natural We know that the Spain M. Leon Blum to support the selves so much more positive war? Despite the almost uni--is a filthy business, however versal desire to the contrary, magnificent the ideals for which which will emerge from the government. This must happen and dynamic than democracy?

smoke of battle will be a very however scrupulous they may be there undoubtedly exists a wide-It is fought.

different country from the Spain at present, in withholding help..

** spread fear that war will some- Sixteen years ago I was with of yesterday. In its transforma-

The in Germany, would be genuinely how break out sooner or later in the Red Guards in Essen after tion it may arouse mong frightened of Communism at Or is peace, in fact, possible Europe. Happily.

however, the famous Kapp Putsch, and Britons a controversy as bitter

each extremity of Europe, even between peoples whose there are factors which suggest by crossing the firing line each as that which used to wage France would be even more governments so differ as du round the mention of Russia. frightened of a Fascist dictator those of Russia or Germany? that such a catastrophe will be

It may incline many good Eng- ship beyond her Western as well Can the knowledge that war is avoided. Signor Mussolini, who

¡lish Liberals towards Com-

such a disastrous way of fur- as her Eastern frontier.

thering a creed overcome the Fear is so much the father of proselytising desire to impose it The longer the struggle lasts folly that one cannot expect on others by every method and last month which appear to be the more difficult it will be for these two countries for long to at all costs?

is fully conscious of the realities NOTES OF THE DAY munism and a few towards

of the situation, has just hazard-

ed the view that a European

upheaval would pave the way to Communism

Two agreements were

reached

Fascism,

4

when the nations based respectively on two funda-people in democratic countries refrain from interference, open There are still many of us

involved became exhausted. That possibility will doubtless be restraining element tending

n

mentally opposed principles. In to maintain that attitude of de- or secret.

to

SIDE GLANCES

distrust, arrangements

and dictatorship, or even dic- which are so obviously fair and

just that the wickedest govern-. ment would hesitate to incur universal hostility by breaking. them.

By George Clark

who hold that peace is the most the first place there was the agree-tachment which is

now main- And, indeed, why should important of all human requirè- ment between Germany, Austria and tained by those in control of they? Spain is the unfortunate ments, since war of uny kind to Italy. On the surface this agree British foreign policy.

battlefield of two, doctrines encourages the suppression of or ment should do much for the &Co., Ltd. make ambitious statesmen

appeasement of Europe as it Should the Spanish Govern- which are apparently so incom, liberty, tolerance and those militarists hesitate before com- ทรุษแทน the ending of a feud be ment defeat the rebels of the patible that people who hold other qualities of civilisation. mitting any act which would tween-two Great Powers.But the precipitate. world upheaval fact that it has not been hailed Right it will inevitably have to them scoff at the idea of lasting And that, in consequence, it is face a long and dangerous peace until the rival has been an imperative duty to swallow a It is of interest to note that much with a sigh of relief is to be traced struggle with its own Left wing. wiped off the face of the earth, good deal of our, pride, to be.

the fact that the two Great

patient about a good many the same note as that struck by Powers concerned had both, act-

* * Senor The personality of

tem- affronts, to accept even Mussolini was recently sounded ing independently, successfully

*

portary injustices in order to by Dr. Benes, the President of defied the forces of Law and Azanu, the President of the Re-

How can the Five-Power con- reach some arrangements that Czecho-Slovakin, when he is. Order.. Consequently Europe is public, may be strong enough

to may be binding.with nations. asking anxiously whether the new to keep in existence à moderate ference to bring security serted that he had a strange agreement proanges a still more government, but there is a good Western Europe go forward whose governments we despise | feeling that war would not break successful, because more power-deal of doubt implied in the according to plan if democracy and out. The reason he gave was ful, defiance of the principles of word "may."

Law and Order. that any nation which unloosed a

The other agreement Is а European war would never attain its ends, for such a conflict would triumph for the forces of Law and Order, and of peaceful change by lead first to general chaos and international agreement. For this would only be the introduction reason the agreement in regard to to another and more disastrous the Dardanelles has been hailed War, without issue or end. Such with a sigh of rellef. It is not so

much the contents of the agree a grave responsibility, Dr. Benes mont that have contributed to the thinks, no statesman could over-general satisfaction as the fact look; hence his belief that peace the outcome of resort to force or that the agreement has not been will be saved and some agreement the tearing up of treaties but of reached in concert between the reliance on the goodwill of nations Powers interested in the preser- to effect a peaceful change in the vation of European concord and existing World Order.

The nations have got to make up. civilisation. This view, coming

their mind which of these two from a man of the calibre of Dr. principles shall dominate the Benes, is worthy of notice. Dr. policy of Europe. If they concedie Benes has been Minister of anything to the successful aggres- Foreign Affairs for nearly twen-sor and condone every breach of a treaty, then anarchy, followed ty years; he has been described logically by war, is the prospect as being as efficient as à dynamo, before us. If on the other hand, as one who has no cant, but talks they stand firm for the principle of the sacredness of international facts; who sees Europe as 巍

obligations-in other words if whole, and whose dearest ambl-they stand firm by the principles tion is to organise an effective of the League-then there is still United States of Europe. A hope that the dreaded "next war" statesman

of his authority and may be avorted. foresight does not choose his

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words lightly; his opinion should is their own glory. Yet, when carry much weight. If all the stock is taken of all the leaders in Europe were of his factors, there is much ground frame of mind, there would never for thinking that the worst be any fear of another world will not happen. Humanity in general will certainly agree upheaval. Trouble, should it with Mr. Baldwin, who, when come, might emanate from addressing the Canadian pilgrims declared: "statesmen" who are not states in London recently, men, who may blunder into "If Europe and the world can catastrophe because they have find no other way of settling not the first quality of true disputes than the way of war

even now, when we are still find-

LANE, CRAWFORD, LTD.Statesmanship, foresight, or ing and burying the bodies of

who are 80 eaten up with those who fell twenty years ago ambition that their first thought the world deserves to perish.

"Sho's always telling people that we went to school together,

but she never mentions that she was the teacher.

And, if we are right in this belief, are we to allow this dis- pute to drag on, to impoverish Spain for generations, and to accentuate the divergencies be- tween the political conceptions of people hundreds of miles away from the Spanish frontier until talk of peace Conferences and international reconciliation becomes a mockery of the hopes of mankind?

** aki

It is of no use to pretend that this conflict is merely a domestic one. It is a conflict which involves you, me and the man down the road. It may divide Europe into two sections hostile beyond all possibility of reconciliation.

But it might build a bridge |between then. There is some- thing to be said for, strict neutrality. There is more to be. sald for intervention on the aido of a legally-constituted government against the threat. of a military tyranny of the worst possible type.

There is still more to be said for an attempt to get the five Powers who are supposed to col- Maborate in pacifying Western Europe to make a joint, appeal. for a truco In Spain before the bitterness and misery of her people polson the atmosphere of Europe in which a civilised. man already finds it so difficult to breathe.