1929-10-09 — Page 2

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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.

THE MACHINERY OF WARSHIPS.

INTERESTING LECTURE AT THE UNIVERSITY.

An absorbing lecture ou "The Machinery of Warships" was de- livered by Engineer Captain Michell, R.N., before the circle of the Hongkong University Eurl neering Society last night.

In introducing the lecturer, Pro- fessor Middleton Smith said Cap tain Michell was an old friend of his, as both of them had at one time been colleagues.. He volced the general regret at the forth coming departure of the Captain from the Colony on going Home.

Addressing the gathering the

lecturer said:

The great Engineer Richard Telford over 100 years ago defined the function of the Engineer in the Articles of Association of the Institution of Civil Engineers as "to direct and control the vast forces of nature to the benefit of mankind." In this sense the Marine Engineer directs and con- trols the force of combustion and converts the energy stored in the fuel to the work of moving ships usually at a regular speed from definite place to another carrying passengers and cargoes of articles of commerce; the Naval Engineer in a special sense moves Ships of War, at varying speeds to various destinations, and sup- plies the power for working, var- ious warlike instruments to enable the Navy to peform its functions as laid down in the Prayer Book ne "a safeguard to the King and his dominions and a security for such as pass upon the seas upon their lawful occasions."

one

From an Engineering point of view the ordinary classification of Warships into the three main classes of Battleships, Cruisers and Light Craft may be looked at as:

|

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 9, 1929.

aroused at the time by the in- farmer case by the addition of a troduction of this French design, few rows of Impulso blading and but it was the only boller with known as an Impulse reaction which any dofinite seagoing, ox-| type; subsequently. "gearing was perience was available as it was introduced for small additional largely used in the shipa of the or cruising turbines followed by Messageries Maritimes. In the the gradual introduction into the "P" Clasa Cruisers the small tube main drive, This enables the high speed type of boller was turbine to be run at a higher used, these, had previously been speed and the propeller to be tried in the Sharpshooter Class of run at a lower speed than with Gunboat replacing the locomotive the direct drive, which was boilers with which these ships necessarily 籍 compromise; in were originally fitted and which fact each can be run at the speed failed to give the power required; most suitable for the require in these and other amall Cruisers ments, which allows the use of were tried Yarraw, Thornycroft, a comparatively small turbine Du Temple, Normand, Mumford, and reduction of space cecupied White Forster, Read-Boilers of the by, the engines and of a large small tube type, also Niclausse propellor with better manoeuvring Durr and Baboock and Wilcox | facilities with the ship. Boilers of the large tuba type. This did not occur however The Battleships "Queen" in the until the great stop, the subatitu- "Formidable Class was fittedtion of oil fuel for coal, shown with Babcock and Wilcar Bollers, in the diagrams by the Battle- and their use has steadily extendship

WEDDING BELLS.

FORMER HONGKONG GIRL

* MARRIED AT HOME.

On August 9, at St. Barnabas Church, Golders Green, the mar- riage took place of Miss Louise Roid Rodger, daughter of Cuptain. and Mrs. Robert Rodger, late of Hongkong and now of 110, Aruba, Dutch West Indios, to Mr. Fordwych-road, Cricklewood, and Roy Nowling Rawes, son of Mr. and Mrs. L. Rawos. of Sond 'Hill, Woking. The Rev. Mr. Turner was the officiating clergyman. The. bride, who was given away by her father, was chemingly attired in o picture frock of white Chinese, satin, and a lace Juliet can, from which fell a long tulle vell caught up by small bunches of orange blossom.

d. carried a bouquet of white "Queen Elizabeth" her, and white heather. She was ed; while the Yarisw type has

the Cruisers "Renown" and attended by two bridesmaids, been modified to make it suitable Arethusa at a comparatively Mines Mabel Rodger and Lealey for large ships and these two recent date, and you will no lee Wiliamson. with Miss Eileen”. types are practically the only the enormous rise. In the Battle-

Rodger as train-bearer. The former. types now in use. The introduc-ship power curve.

wore pretty dresses of faille and tion of the water tube boilers led

The Torpedo Boat Destroyer

bulle of a deep parchment shade, to comiderable difficulty: the

their hats wore of atraw and tulle system of stoking was found to is a new class of ship entirely

to match. and- they had red satin require much more care and at- due to the use of steam power

shoes. They carried posies of red tention, the use of distilled water and is in no sense derived from

roses. The train bearer had a Kate for feed water was found to be any previous class of sailing

vessel; it may almost be described Greenaway dress of parchmont essential, and much greater care

coloured tulle, with red sash and was necessary with brickwork and as an Engineer Warship. Before

the date of these diagrams Mr. shoes, and red wreath on her casings; it was also found neces Thornycroft and Mr. Yarraw and hair. Mr. Birger Pritzier acted as sary for the tubes to be solid others had produced very fast best man.. drawn in substitution for the lap small vessels to carry the White- welded tubes previously used.

head Torpedo and it was heces- sary to produce a special class of high speed vessel to cope with them. This was first tried by the adoption of the Gunboat_design into what were known as Torpedo Boat catchers, the "Sharpshooter"" Class, but as previously stated the locomotive boilers failed to pro duce the power for the required speed and they were not a success, and an entirely new class, of vessel was devised only possible by the introduction of the water.tube boiler.

Relative Values.

The question became a matter of debate as to the values of the various types and the pointa at issue were the use of straight or curved tubes, large tubes or small tubes, vertical or horizontal tubes, As previously stated the two aur viving types are, the Babcock and Wilcox Boilers with straight large tubes at a small 'angle with the horizontal and the Yarraw type with straight tubes, except for a slight curvature of the fire row, of smaller diameter and ap- proximating to the vertical.·

The increase in power due to the Increased pressure and larger steaming capacity of the water tube boilers had to be met by dividing the L. P. Cylinder into two, this making à-four crank engine; subsequently this was "balanced" on the Yarraw Schlick, Tweedle system to eliminate

which was

The first Destroyers were similar in appearance to the Torpedo Boată but longer and Battleships in which speed "is

were designed for a speed of 27 desirable, Cruisers in which speed is

knots; this. meant a very fast necessary and Torpedo Craft in

running engine in which the which speed is casential; and it is

weights were reduced to a with the gradual development of

minimum; the next class Was the main propelling machinery of

designed for 30 knots, but it was these ships during the last 30

always a struggle to get the years that I propose to deal

speed and it could not be main- this evening. I have prepared

tained very long or in any sea. diagrams showing the tonnage vibration.

It was therefore decided to alter and horse-power commencing in The next step is the intro- the design "to ensure good sea- the late 904. At this period weduction of the steam turbine in keeping qualities and a stiffer had attained to the vertical in-place of the direct noting engine: ship with high bows Was the verted direct acting triple ex this is shown in the battleship result with a sea speed of 25 pansion engine supplied with steam at 155 lbs. pressure from diagram by the "Dreadnought," knots, these were known as the the large Cruiser Indauntable" River class and were most cylindrical retürn tube boilers,

and the small Cruiser "Boadicea". successful and long lived; and the single and double ended with 3 or This prime mover was first in-use of forced lubrication for the 4 furnaces; twin screws with thren troduced in the small vessel main engines was introduced into and four blades secured to bosses Turbinica" and in the Navy had two of these the Ure and Swale fitted on the shafts.

been tried out in the Destroyers after experiments with the 80 Battleships and Cruisers. "Avrelox" and "Eden". You will knot Destroyer "Syren."

sne in the case of the "King You will see ery clearly the Alfred" Class

Oil Fuel. of Cruiser the great increase in the size and power of 30,000 I.H.P.; this meant Now comes the double step of power of the Battleship, and-thean enormous engine when it is the introduction of oil fuel, and great increase and subsequent de realised the speed of revolution turbines which came in together cline in the size of the Cruisers. had to be kept down to about in the Tribal Class; the makera The first Battleships shown 150 r.p.m. and even with the two were given more or less of a free were known as the "Royal Sover-L.P. Cylinders, the size of each hand in this design... eign",Class, designed by Sir Wii- came to about 102 inches; and liam White, and they possess the the diameter of the crank pins modern characteristles of high was abcat 45 inches by about bows and high freeboard which riches isng this is approaching make for good seakeeping quali- the practical limit for castings ties and have since bean consis- and forgings. tently followed; these ships In the Scout Class of Cruiser mounted four 12 inch guna. in two which called for a very high speed turrets one forward and one aft, of 25% knots for 8 hours and a were the last of the coal burn- and this remained the main arma- very large cruising radius at 10 ers. Subsequent designs embody ment of a Battleship until the de-knots, the problem was solved by slightly improved 'conditions, sign of the "Dreadnought" with one maker in the Adventure and reaching the Battleship standard more than double the number.

Attentive by fitting two sets of of power; three boilera only are The first step in engineering to engines to each shaft. This had fitted and from the "R" Class all mant the increased power required been previously tried in the geared turbines and Michell was the introduction of the water "Blake", and "Blenholm" con- Thrusts, the curves fuishing with tube boiler, shown in the "Ocean" temporary with the "Edgor" Class the two types of Destroyer Leader Class of Battleship, the Powerful, but of higher power, with the idea with 4 boilers, the "Nimred" and Arrogant and Pelorus type of Crui of using the after set only for "Bruce", the power of the latter ser and in the then new Torpedo cruising, coupling up the forward 40,000 being the same the

Class Boat Destroyers; the first two of set as necessary for full power: "Royal Sovereign" this class the Harock and Hornet but it was found necessary to Battleships and the "C" Class were believe commenced with couple, the two engines on the Crulaers. locomotive boilers, but it was not one shaft permanently. possible to get the required power and spoed and water tube boilers

Use of Turbines. were substituted before the shipa The turbine was introduced as were completed and delivered. a direct drive; first as a single

+

Some of" these ships had 5 boilers and some 6 and in one the "Viking" each of the 6 had its own funnel and she was the only ship in the British Navy

with 6 funnels. The next class shows a retrograde step in a re- turn to coal burning, but these

1.

of

Concluding, the lecturer said:- We finish up with the Washing ton treaty standard Battleship "Nelson" of 35,000 tons and the Cruiser "Kent" of 10,000 tons.

At the conclusion of his ad- dress, Captain Michell

тува

In the three first cases the large reaction turbine of the Parsons tube Belleville boiler was intro-type or impulse turbines of the duced: a great deal of feeling was Curtia type, modified in the accorded a hearty voté of thanks.

SALESMAN SAM

SWEET SUSIE! LOOKIT THE STORM COMIN' UP-TH' NEXT TIME I WALK FROM JACKSON- VILLE TA HOME, I'LL "TAKE A "TRAIN!

UNDER A TREE, sam! Quick!

It Certainly old

After the ceremony, a reception was held in the Hawthorn Hall, Bridge Lano. Later, the hanny couple left for a honeymoon in the Isle of Wight. The bride's travel- ling dress was a navy blue taifared costume and white crepe de chine. jumper, a navy felt hat, and navy suede shoes

THE NEW CALENDAR.

GENERAL ADOPTION IN THE

NEW YEAR.

Nanking, Oct. 8. ". The State Council has issued & mandate that commencing » on January 1, 1980 the calendar which has been adopted as the official calendar for China must be observed in all business trans- actions and in all other documents. in order to secure validity before the law courts of the country. Any documents dated according to the lunar calendar will not be recognised as valid after the new

year. Reuter.

SUN

MAID

SEEDLESS

RAISINS

THE RAISIN THAT HOLDS SUNSHINE

CALIFORNIA SUN-MAID SEEDLESS RAISINS

SUNDMAID

TWO

BLACK

CROWS.

ARE HERE AGAIN.

IN

FOOLISHMENTS" "ESAU BUCK"

Record No. 1929D

AT

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(WHEW! THAT” WAS TERRIFIC WHILE IT LASTED. BUT ITS [CLEARING NOW- LET'S GO!

[HOWDEE STRANGER-THET"

WAS A PURTY SHARP STORM WE JEST HAD, I'Ma THINKIN'!

YEAH

By Small

""THAT'S "TH' WAY. IT.

STRUCK ME !